Chapter 11 EMS education

Absorption
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Terms in this set (49)
Absorption
The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream.
Action
The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body.
Activated Charcoal
An oral medication that binds and adsorbs ingested toxins in the gastrointestinal tract for treatment of some poisonings and medication overdoses. Charcoal is ground into a very fine powder that provides the greatest possible surface area for binding medications that have been taken by mouth; it is carried on the EMS unit.
Adsorption
The process of binding or sticking to a surface.
Agonist
A medication that causes stimulation of receptors.
Antagonist
A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications.
Asprin (ASA)
A medication that is an antipyretic (reduces fever), analgesic (reduces pain), anti-inflammatory (reduces inflammation), and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping).
Contradictions
Conditions that make a particular medication or treatment inappropriate because it would not help, or may actually harm, a patient.
Dose
The amount of medication given on the basis of the patient's size and age.
EMT-administered medication
Administration of a medication by the EMT directly to the patient.
Enteral medicationsMedications that enter the body through the digestive system.EpinephrineA medication that increases heart rate and blood pressure but also eases breathing problems by decreasing muscle tone of the bronchiole tree.GelA semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes.generic nameThe original chemical name of a medication (in contrast with one of its "trade names"); the name is not capitalized.Hypoglycemiaabnormally low level of sugar in the bloodindicationsThe therapeutic uses for a specific medication.inhalationBreathing into the lungs; a medication delivery route.intramuscular (IM) injectionAn injection into a muscle; a medication delivery route.Intranasal (IN)A delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a specialized atomizer device called a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) into the naris.Intraosseous (IO) injectionAn injection into the bone; a medication delivery route.Intravenous (IV) injectionAn injection directly into a vein; a medication delivery route.MedicationA substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain.medication errorInappropriate use of a medication that could lead to patient harm.metered-dose inhaler (MDI)A miniature spray canister used to direct medications through the mouth and into the lungs.NitroglycerinA medication that increases cardiac perfusion by causing arteries to dilate; you may be allowed to help the patient self-administer the medication.Oral (PO)By mouth; a medication delivery route.Oral GlucoseA simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream; it is carried on the EMS unit.Over-the-counter (OTC) medicationsMedications that may be purchased directly by a patient without a prescription.OxygenA gas that all cells need for metabolism; the heart and brain, especially, cannot function without oxygen.parenteral medicationsMedications that enter the body by a route other than the digestive tract, skin, or mucous membranes.patient-assisted medicationWhen the EMT assists the patient with the administration of his or her own medication.Peer-assisted medicationWhen the EMT administers medication to him or herself or to a partner.per os (PO)Through the mouth; a medication delivery route; same as oral.per rectum (PR)Through the rectum; a medication delivery route.PharacodynamicsThe process by which a medication works on the body.PharmacologyThe study of the properties and effects of medications.PolypharmacyThe use of multiple medications on a regular basis.Prescription medicationsMedications that are distributed to patients only by pharmacists according to a physician's order.Side effectsAny effects of a medication other than the desired ones.SolutionA liquid mixture that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand.subcutaneous (SC) injectionInjection into the tissue between the skin and muscle; a medication delivery route.Sublingual (SL)SuspensionA mixture of ground particles that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid but do not dissolve.theraputic effectThe desired or intended effect a medication is expected to have on the body.Topical medicationsLotions, creams, and ointments that are applied to the surface of the skin and affect only that area; a medication delivery route.trade nameThe brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; the name is capitalized.transcutaneous (transdermal)Through the skin; a medication delivery route.unintended effectsActions that are undesirable but pose little risk to the patient.untoward effectActions that can be harmful to the patient.