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Bangalore - urban growth
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Gravity
Terms in this set (14)
1970s
Very small and sustainable green city
Now
Indian equivalent of silicon valley, with focus on technology and "knowledge economy"
Who are most of the economic opportunities for?
The growing middle class
Why did it grow?
1970 - government set aside some land for a high tech business park ("electronics city"), enticed firms with promise of low taxes, relaxed laws and no limits on currency conversions.
What is it the capital of?
Aeronautical, automotive, biotechnology, electronics and defence industries
How are the poor people catered for?
There are low wage local businesses such as clothing manufacturers, which provide for the High tech workers
Social problems?
Not everyone has benefited from the urbanisation. Social decide between middle class and Dalits (bottom of social class system).
Who are the Dalits?
Lowest level: no privileges
What effect has there been on housing?
Increasing pressure as skilled labour is arriving, traditional colonial houses are being converted into "exclusive homes" with increased rent, forcing people to move out of centre. Wealthy opt to move to "safe" gated suburbs (Indiranagar)
What are the slums like?
Less than 1/2 of dwellers have access to sanitation, clean water or electricity
Technological development
200 engineering colleges and universities provide skilled work force supplying cheap workers for India's industries. (Avg. wage less than 10% of that in London). This has encouraged foreign investment of companies in "knowledge industry" to try and cut their costs. These companies often reinvest in their workforce to upskill them in IT skills.
Airport?
3rd busiest in India, increasing no. Of flights to Europe/HDE's
Demographics
Growing at an unsustainable rate. 2015 population of 10.8 million was more than double than in 2001. Given youthful age of population, growth is guaranteed for decades, more pressure on services
Changes since 1970s
Vegetation decreased by 66%, water bodies by 74%, built up area now 6x larger.
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