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Geology quizzes and such

Terms in this set (12)

Read the three informal definitions of the term "science" that follow. All definitions include some information that is relevant to science. Place the definitions in order and rank them from best (1) to worst (3).

- Science is our attempt to understand our world. It's our knowledge about our existence as well as our search for explanations and new discoveries.
- Science is about building up our store of knowledge. The more information we have, the more scientific our culture.
- Science is about the process of collecting observations and data to better understand the world.
1, 3, 2
Which is the best description of a scientific study?
A scientific study involves making hypotheses, collecting data, and performing experiments or testing claims, to reach a conclusion supported by evidence.
Which of these statements is a more accurate description about the relative roles of observations and hypotheses in science?
Hypotheses are only as good as the observations on which they are based.
Science provides answers to ethical dilemmas.
false
In the context of science, how would you classify the following statement? "The continued use of fossil fuels will raise global temperatures."
prediction
Match the terms below with the correct definition:

-Fact
- Hypothesis
- Scientific theory
Fact = a confirmed or agreed upon empirical observation or conclusion
Hypothesis = An educated proposal to explain certain facts
Scientific theory = an integrated, comprehensive explanation of many facts
The Principle of _____________ holds that the natural processes that operate today also worked the same way in the past; i.e. the present is the key to the past.
uniformatarianism
Science denial generally uses which of these rhetorical arguements? (Select all that apply)
- attacking the researchers who's findings they disagree with
- Demanding equal media coverage for a "balanced" view
- Claiming the science is unsettled
Which of the following are examples of qualitative data (rather than quantitative data) that we could collect to address a geologic question such as what formed Upheaval Dome in Canyonlands National Park (Links to an external site.)? (Select all that apply)
- descriptions of the rocks present in the area
- drawings of the rocks
Which of the following is an observation that could be made about Upheaval Dome (Links to an external site.), rather than an interpretation?
The rocks in the center of the dome are severely fractured and deformed.
Match the chemical layeres of the earth with the correct descriptions
1) The outermost chemical layer and the one we currently reside on. There are two types: ocean and continental.
2) The largest chemical layer by volume. Scientists hypothesize most of it is made of the rock peridotite.
3) Consists mostly of iron, nickel, and possibly some oxygen
1 = crust
2 = mantle
3 = core
Match the physical layers of the Earth with the correct description.
1) Outermost physical layer of the Earth. It is broken into segments called plates.
2) it is mechanically weak, this layer moves and flows due to convection currents created by heat coming from the earth's core
3) More rigid and immobile than the asthenosphere. Located at a depth of approximately 410 and 660 km below the earth's surface.
4) The only entirely liquid layer within the Earth. Scientists believe the earth's magnetic field is generated by the circulation of molten iron and nickel within it.
5) Hottest part of the Earth. Solid.
1 = lithosphere
2 = asthenosphere
3 = mesosphere
4 = outer core
5 = inner core
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