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Gross Motor Developmental Milestones

Terms in this set (9)

0-6 months
- rolls over front to back and back to front
- sits with support and then independently
6-12 months
- craws forwards on belly
- assumes seated position unaided
- creeps on hands and knees
- transitions into different positions: sitting, all fours, lying on tummy
- pulls self to stand
- walks while holding onto furniture
- takes 2-3 steps w/o support
- rolls a ball in imitation of an adult
18 months
- sits, crawls, walks
- still has wide gait but walking/running is less clumsy
- pushes against a ball (not kicks)
2 years
- walks smoothly and turns corners
- begins running
- is able to pull or carry toy while walking
- climbs onto/down from furniture without A
- walks up/down steps w/ support
- picks up toys from floor without falling over
3 years
- imitates standing on 1 foot
- imitates simple bilateral movements of limbs (arms up together)
- climbs jungle gym and ladders
- pedals a tricycle
- walks up/down stairs alternating feet
- jumps in place with 2 feet together
- able to walk on tip toes
- catches using body
4 years
-stands on 1 foot for up to 5 sec
- kicks a ball forwards
- throws a ball overarm
- catches a ball that has been bounced
- runs around obstacles
- able to walk on a line
- able to hop on one foot
- jumps over an object and lands w both feet together
5 years
- able to walk up stairs while holding and object
- walks backward toe-heel
- jumps forward 10 times w/o falling
- skips forward after demo
- hangs from a bar for at least 5 sec
-steps forward with leg on same side as throwing arm when throwing a ball
- catches a small ball using hands only
6 years
- runs lightly on toes
- able to walk on a balance beam
- able to skip using a jump rope
- can cover 2 meters when hopping
- demonstrates mature throwing and catching patterns
- mature (refined) jumping skills
Possible implications if milestones are not achieved, results in
- poor muscle development for locomotion
- delayed ability to play independently
- delayed sensory development due to decreased ability to explore environment
- delayed play skills
- difficulty interacting with environment due ti delayed ability to mobilize effectively
- decreased ability/opportunities to interact socially
- poor development of body awareness and movement planning skills
- difficulty using playground equipment
- lack of confidence interacting with other children in active environments
- lack of confidence in movement based activities
- may result in poor self esteem when comparing self to peers
- difficulty playing with moving toys (scooters, bikes)
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