Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

N23 Quiz #4

Terms in this set (20)

After sustaining injuries in a motor vehicle accident, a patient experiences a decrease in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate and respiratory rate despite surgical intervention and fluid resuscitation. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome is the patient most likely experiencing?

Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion
Recovery
Exhaustion
What is the function of antidiuretic hormone when released in the alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome?


Promotes fluid retention by increasing the reabsorption of water by kidney tubules
Increases efficiency of cellular metabolism and fat conversion to energy for cells and muscle
Increases the use of fats and proteins for energy and conserves glucose for use by the brain
Promotes fluid retention by causing the kidneys to reabsorb more sodium
Promotes fluid retention by increasing the reabsorption of water by kidney tubules
A patient sustains a laceration of the thigh in an industrial accident. Which step in the inflammatory process will the patient experience first?


Group of answer choices
Exudate formation
Tissue regeneration
Cellular inflammation
Vascular response
Vascular response
A patient is in crisis. After assessing the situation, what should the nurse do first?

Group of answer choices

Intervene to relieve the patient's anxiety.
Ensure the safety of both the nurse and patient..
Decide on the type of help the patient needs.
Determine the imminent cause of the crisis.
Ensure the safety of both the nurse and patient..
A client demonstrates a cognitive response to stress. What observation caused the nurse to make this clinical decision?
Group of answer choicesAvoiding talking with othersSkipping mealsSleeping late into the morningForgetting where medications are stored
Forgetting where medications are stored
During the alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome, which metabolic change occurs? Select all that apply.
Group of answer choices
The brain uses more glucose for energy.
Amino acids and fats are more available for energy.
Rate of metabolism decreases.
Liver converts more glycogen to glucose.
Use of amino acids decreases.
Amino acids and fats are more available for energy.
Liver converts more glycogen to glucose.
The brain uses more glucose for energy.
A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted with hyperglycemia and associated acidosis. Which alternative fuel in the body is responsible for the acidosis?


Group of answer choicesGlycogenKetonesProteinsInsulin
Ketones
Which polysaccharide is stored in the liver?
Group of answer choicesKetonesGlycogenGlucoseInsulin
Glycogen
While addressing a community group, the nurse explains the importance of replacing saturated fats in the diet with mono- and polyunsaturated fats. Which complication can be reduced if this action is taken?
Group of answer choicesStrokeLung cancerLiver failureKidney failure
Stroke
A patient with leg cramps is irritable and febrile and has dry mucous membranes. Based on these findings, the patient most likely has excess levels of which mineral?


Group of answer choicesSodiumMagnesiumPhosphorusPotassium
Sodium
A patient who was prescribed furosemide (Lasix) is deficient in potassium. Therefore, the patient should be instructed to increase his intake of which foods?


Group of answer choicesBananas, peaches, molasses, and potatoesWheat bran, chocolate, eggs, and sardinesEgg yolks, nuts, and sardinesEggs, baking soda, and baking powder
Bananas, peaches, molasses, and potatoes
Which portion of a nutritional assessment must the registered nurse complete?

Group of answer choices
Analyzing the data
Obtaining the history
Weighing the patient
Obtaining intake and output
Analyzing the data
Which instruction should the nurse give to the patient experiencing constipation? Select all that apply.


Group of answer choices
Exercise as you feel necessary.
Consume a high-fiber diet.
Drink at least eight glasses of water or noncaffeinated fluid per day.
Eat meals on a regular schedule.
Include a minimum of four servings of meat per day.
...
Which describes the passive process by which molecules of a solute move through a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?
Group of answer choicesOsmosisFiltrationHydrostatic pressureDiffusion
diffusion
The nurse is caring for a patient with a medical diagnosis of hypernatremia. The following prescriptions are written in the client's electronic health record. Which one should the nurse question?


Group of answer choices
Strict I&O monitoring.
Monitor serum electrolytes every 4 hr.
Restrict oral intake to 900 mL every 24 hr.
Administer an IV of D5W at 125 mL/hr.
Restricting the oral intake of a patient with hypernatremia (Na+ greater than 145 mEq/l) would lead to further elevation in the serum sodium level. Infusing D5W IV fluid is appropriate, as this solution does not contain sodium. Hydrating the patient with D5W would reduce the serum sodium level. Strict I&O monitoring and laboratory evaluation of electrolytes every 4 hr would ensure that the patient is safely rehydrated.

Test shows correct answer as:
Restrict oral intake to 900 mL every 24 hr.
Which laboratory result should alert the nurse to a potential problem?


Group of answer choices
Na+ = 137 mEq/L
Ca2+ = 9.2 mg/dL
K+ = 5.2 mEq/L
Mg2+ = 1.8 mg/dL
K+ = 5.2 mEq/L
Which is the principal system for regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance?


Group of answer choicesCardiacVascularRenalPulmonary
Renal
The nurse records a patient's hourly urine output from an indwelling catheter as follows:
0700: 36 mL
0800: 45 mL
0900: 85 mL
1000: 62 mL
1100: 50 mL
1200: 48 mL
1300: 94 mL
1400: 78 mL
1500: 60 mL
How should the nurse describe the patient's urine output?

Within normal limits
Inconclusive
High
Low
Within normal limits
What is the mechanism that controls acid-base balance? Select all that apply.


Renal mechanisms
Buffer systems
Active transport mechanisms
Respiratory mechanisms
Peripheral vascular system
Renal mechanisms
Buffer systems
Respiratory mechanisms
Which laboratory test result most accurately reflects a patient's nutritional status?

Transferrin
Hemoglobin
You Answered Albumin
Correct Answer Prealbumin
Prealbumin
Sets with similar terms