Western Culture - Midterm/Final Exam - Melton

Sumerian King in southern Mesopotamia who oppressed his people such that they prayed for relief.
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Terms in this set (102)
Sumerian King in southern Mesopotamia who oppressed his people such that they prayed for relief.
Gilgamesh
The man/beast created by a Sumerian goddess at the request of the city populace in the hopes of humbling their oppressive ruler.
Enkidu
The name of the Mesopotamian city with magnificent brick walls, whose foundations were laid by the Seven Sages, and the place of the Temple of Ishtar.
Uruk (the Sheepfold)
The "creator" god of the the Sumerian pantheon, the "father" of the gods.
Anu
The "creator" goddess commissioned by the father god to create Gilgamesh's wild-man rival.
Araru
Who was sent to ensnare and "civilize" the wild man who lived among the beasts outside of Uruk?
A harlot
The Mother of Gilgamesh, who helps interpret his dreams.
Ninsun
The sun-god to whom Gilgamesh's mother prays for protection for this great quest.
Shamash
The great beast who ruled the Cedar Forest until challenged by Gilgamesh and Enkidu.
Humbaba
The goddess who seeks revenge against Gilgamesh by releasing the Bull of Heaven against him.
Ishtar
Survivor of the Great Flood who achieves immortality and is sought out by Gilgamesh to learn its secret.UtnapishtimThe guardian of the great twin peaked Mashu, the mountain before the rising and setting sun.The Man-ScorpionThe woman, the maker of wine, who gives Gilgamesh directions after his journey under the mountain.SiduriThe boatman who ferried Gilgamesh over the ocean of Death.UrshanabiThe seven judges of the afterlife (hell) -- their collective name.AnnunakiThe angry Sumerian god who brought on the Deluge (Flood) that wiped out most of humanity.EnlilThe name of the region of "Faraway" where lives the immortal man whom Gilgamesh seeks on his quest.DilmunThe creature that Ishtar sent to destroy Gilgamesh and Enkidu, but was defeated and killed by them instead.The Bull of HeavenThe Sumerian god of Fate who weighed heavily on Gilgamesh as he lay close to death.NimtarWhat percentage of Gilgamesh was "flesh of the gods"?2/3Father of the Hebrew people who journeyed from Ur of the Chaldeans to settle ultimately n Canaan.Abram/AbrahamHebrew leader of the Exodus from Egypt who also provided his people with Laws.MosesThe second king of a united Kingdom of Israel, who killed the enemy "giant" Goliath as a young man.DavidThe southern half of the split kingdom of the Hebrew people after the ten northern tribes formed their own kingdom.JudahThe ancient Sumerian text (other than Gilgamesh) that tells of the creation and the flood paralleled in Genesis.Enuma ElishThe earliest known king of the Minoan civilization in the Greek islands.MidasThe island that exploded c 1600-1500 BCE that destroyed so many Mediterranean centers of power and population.TheraThe capital city on Crete that was the center of the flourishing maritime Minoan culture.KnossosThe type of alphabet that the Mycenaean Greek culture (centered in Mycenae) used.Linear BThe Minoan Culture was succeeded by the ________ Culture in Archaic Greece.MycenaeanThe King of Sparta, whose wife left him for a Trojan prince, sparking a war with Troy.MenelausCommander-in-Chief of the Greeks, ruler of Mycenae, brother to the king of Sparta.AgamemnonThe greatest warrior among the Greeks, leader of the Myrmidons, son of a sea nymph.AchillesThe king of besieged Troy, father of the Trojan prince who ran off with the queen of Sparta.PriamThe prince of Troy who eloped with the queen of Sparta after judging a beauty contest among the goddesses.ParisGreatest warrior of the Trojans, prince of Troy and elder brother to the prince who eloped with the queen of Sparta.HectorFormer queen of Sparta who elopes with a prince of Troy, thereby sparking the war with the Greeks.HelenWife of Hector, a Trojan warrior and prince.AndromacheKing of Ithaca, the "master strategist" among the Greeks.OdysseusBest friend of the great Achilles who puts on Achilles' armor to rally the Greeks against the Trojans.PatroclusIn the Odyssey, one of the twin dangers facing ships in a narrow strait, the one that sucks whole ships down (not the one that plucks men from the ship and devours them).CharybdisThe cannibalistic cyclops who imprisoned Odysseus and his men.PolyphemusThe divinity who served as Odysseus protector, mentor and wardrobe assistant.AthenaThe wife of Odysseus who waited with ingenuity and patience over 20 years for the return of her husband.PenelopeThe divinity who was Odysseus' immortal foe and made every effort to keep him from returning home.PoseidonOdysseus' son, a young man of Ithaca who, at the story's opening, goes in search of his father and later aids him in restoring his kingdom.TelemachusOdysseus' father, to whom he was reunited at the end of his 20-year detour on the way home from Troy.LaertesThe sea nymph who kept Odysseus as a pet for several years on her private island.CalypsoThe swineherd who helps Odysseus upon his return, even though he thinks he is only a stranger.EumaeusThe leader of the suitors in Odysseus' palace, and the first to fall when Odysseus takes his revenge.AntinousThe city that serves as the setting for the tragic play Medea.CorinthMedea's "unfaithful" husband.JasonThe title character's original home, where she betrayed her father in order to join the man who became her husband in stealing the Golden Fleece.ColchisThe lesser goddess, described as the daughter of Zeus, "the guardian of oaths" to whom Medea appeals for justice.ThemisThe king of Corinth who exiles Medea and her children for her husband's sake.CreonThe goddess whom Medea worships "most of all," who aids her with magic and trickery,HecateAn alternate name for Greece used in this play, which happens to be the what the Greeks call their country today.HellasThe name of the famous ship on which Medea escaped her homeland with her husband.ArgosThe King of Athens who, passing through, pauses to speak with Medea, and from whom she extracts a promise of asylum.AegueusThe name of the man who wrote the tragedy Medea.EuripidesThe two rival cities that came to dominate Greek life in the classical period of its history were Athens and what other city?SpartaThe Athenian democratic assembly of roughly 6000 people was known by this name.EkklesiaConsidered the father of Athenian democracy--broke the power of the aristocratic families by dividing Athens into "demes"--districts of citizens, a model we follow even now.CleisthenesThe other word for the Spartiates, the elite male citizens of Sparta who were trained for war from the time of their early youth.HomoioiThe slave caste in the Spartan state.HelotsThe 30-years of war between the city-states affiliated with Athens and Sparta was called this.The Peloponnesian WarsThe first Persian invasion of Greece was met and defeated by the Athenians (and Plataeans) on the coast at this place, whose name would live on thanks to the efforts of the runner Pheidippides.MarathonThe alliance of Greek city states affiliated with the city of Athens in the Peloponnesian Wars was called this.the Delian LeagueAlexander the Great came from this region of Greece, long considered backwards and barely civilized by the other Greeks.MacedoniaThe "big three" among the Athenian classical philosophers included Aristotle, Plato and this guy, who liked to ask a lot of questions.SocratesRoman goddess who hated the Trojans and worked against them at every turn.JunoAeneas' father whom he carried out of the ruin of Troy on his shoulders.AnchisesAeneas' jilted girlfriend, Queen of Carthage.DidoAeneas's son by his Trojan wife, and eventual founder of the Roman race.AscaniusThe Cumaean Sybil (priestess) who guides Aeneas through the Underworld.DeiphobeThe ruler of the Rutulians who is persuaded by the machinations of Juno to bitterly oppose the marriage of Aeneas and the settlement of the Trojans.TurnusThe daughter of the King of the Latins whose engagement to Aeneas sparks a war against by the locals against the Trojan settlers.LaviniaThe Fury, sent by Juno to incite the unjust wrath of the local Italians against the peace-loving Trojans.AllectoThe King of the Latins.LatinusThe son of Evander, the Trojan's Greek allies, who dies at the hands of Turnus, earning Aeneas' deep enmity.PallasThe grandson of Aeneas, he founded the city of Rome and was its first ruler.RomulusThe identity of the grain merchant mentioned in the video who began possibly as a slave and prospered enough to build he and his wife a marble mausoleum due to the reforms in the Roman culture.Marcus Vergilius EurysacesThe name for the patriarch of the Roman family who dominated the decision making for the extended household.paterfamiliasThe common citizens of Roman society who were not eligible to be part of the Senate.PlebeiansThe English word Calendar comes from the Latin Kalends, which means:the first day of the monthThe co-presidents of the Roman Republic elected by the Senate and serving one-year terms were called this.ConsulsThe plebeian representatives to the Roman senate who had the power of veto were called this.TribunesThe three wars that took place from 265-146 BCE that ended in the defeat and ultimate destruction of Carthage and its empire are called:The Punic WarsThe territory for which Cicero was first quaestor (kind of an auditor) and later praetor (governor) that would establish his career as a fierce opponent of corruption by public figures.SicilyThe conspirator in the Roman Senate who failed to become consul and whose attempt to overthrow the government was foiled by Cicero in 63 BCE.CatilineOrdered the execution of Cicero and then kept his head around for a while as a souvenir.Mark AntonyThe Four Cardinal Virtues identified by Cicero in his book De Officiis (On Duties) are:Wisdom, Fortitude, Justice, TemperanceThe Hellenistic Ruler against whom the Jews rebelled in 167 BCEAntiochus EpiphanesThe Jewish warrior priests who gained independence and established the Hasmonean Dynasty in 164 BCE were calledMaccabeesFirst (very cruel) king over the Jewish state under Roman rule whose reign began in 37 BCE.Herod the GreatThe Roman procurator who condemned Yeshua (Jesus) of Nazareth to death at the urging of the priestly caste in Jerusalem.Pontius PilateEmperor who ordered the executions of both Paul and Peter in Rome.NeroOther than the Gospel of Luke, what other book of the New Testament is Luke the Physician credited with writing?ActsThe city where the followers of Christ were first called "Christians" -- "Little Christs"AntiochThe first council of Christian leaders at which major doctrinal issues were discussed in 50 CE took place in what city?JerusalemThe first Apostle (12 disciples) after Christ himself who was executed by Roman authorities in Jerusalem.James son of ZebedeeApostle thought to have traveled to India to plant churches, who was eventually martyred there.Thomas