pain and management - nur 323

how is pain categorized
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Terms in this set (10)
how is pain categorized
location
intensity
duration
mechanism
barriers to pain management
professional - care provider biases and knowledge
patient - fear, assumptions, passivity
system - laws, politics, access
nurse's role in pain relief
- protect patients from injury or disease advancement
- alleviate suffering
- advocate for required care needs
- practice nursing independently using the nursing process
- the nurse must be skilled in pain assessment and have knowledge for pain management
optimal pain management requires the nurse to know their patient inlcuding
physical aspects of medical conditions/treatment
psychosocial and spiritual aspects r/t pain
each dimension can amplify/diminish pain experience
acute pain
rapid, sudden onset, well localized and short duration
relates to tissue trauma / damage resolving at the end of a typical healing period. as healing occurs pain decreasing in intensity

ex: postop pain
chronic pain
has a gradual onset, is of a long duration (greater than usual period of tissue healing, 6 months) but may be time limited, intermittent or persist across a person's lifespan.

Chronic pain may be further categorized and cancer or non-cancer in origin.
breakthrough pain
is a transient increase in pain that occurs over the pain that is controlled
nocioceptive pain
known a normal pain. There is an intact, properly functioning nervous system in sending signals that tissues are damaged, require attention and proper care. In most this is a warning sign that something is wrong.
neuropathic pain
occurs when the nervous system is damaged or injured. This might also be referred to a type of chronic or persistent pain. It is a pathologic pain. There are multiple factors and influences associated with this type of pain.

Nerve abnormality may be caused from illness/disease, injury or never determined/unknown.
Neuropathic pain is categorized/classified as peripheral or central.

Peripheral neuropathies results for damage and/or sensitization of peripheral nerves.

Central neuropathic pain results from damage or malfunctioning of the Central Nervous system (brain and spinal cord).

Some examples include phantom limb pain, post mastectomy pain, nerve compression pain
Poorly localized (shooting, burning, fiery, shock like sharp, painful numbness, tingling)
pain assessment standards
- All patients are asked if have pain
- Informed of their right to have pain assessed & managed
- Informed how pain assessed & managed
- When pain present, assessment completed to align with age, condition & ability to understand
- Reassessment completed
- All professionals dealing with pain are to be trained
- In addition, pain is assessed on admission, transfer & after procedure when strong sedative or anesthesia used