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Terms in this set (85)

The English Civil War ended with the trial and decapitation of
Charles I
Why do historian say that the protestant reformation cause the 30 years war?
The holy Roman emperor tried to force Bohemia back to Roman Catholicism, triggering the start of the war
Henry VIII's Reformation in England
was much more politically driven than Luthers reformation
The individual associated with the phrase "l'état, c'est moi" was
Louis XIV
All of the following are related to the growth of Protestantism in the 1500s except:
1. English king Henry VII's decision to divorce his wife despite of the popes refusal to except his action, resulting in England severe in relations with the Roman catholic hierarchy
2. French lawyer John Calvin's establishment of a protestant community in Geneva that followed a strict code of discipline and morality and send protestant missionaries to other European lands
3. German friar Martin Luther's publication of a series of religious tracts questioning aspects of Roman Catholic theology
4. the formation of the society of Jesus, or the Jesuits, by protestant leaders leading to significant protestant missionary activities in the Americas and east Asia
the formation of the society of Jesus, or the Jesuits, by protestant leaders leading to significant protestant missionary activities in the Americas and east Asia
In recent decades, many economic historians have challenged the view that European merchants and entrepreneurs failed to adopt elements of capitalism as business practices beginning ca. 1500. All of the following support this historical reinterpretation EXCEPT

a. speculators in western Europe would buy cheap eastern European grain and stock pile the grain, only to ship it to regions where famine or disaster occurred, earning substantial profits.
b. imperial expansion in the Americas and southeast Asia provided not only sources of cheap, widely-available natural resources and food but also markets for manufactured goods from home markets.
c. the amount and value of European trade with other states involved in the global network of communications and exchange fell significantly following ca. 1500.
d. the power of urban guilds to require payment of dues and set levels of production declined as entrepreneurs used new systems like protoindustrialization to bring new sources of labor into production.
the amount and value of European trade with other states involved in the global network of communications and exchange fell significantly following ca. 1500.
The fundamental principle of diplomacy in early modern Europe was
balance of power
Which of the following sources would be of interest to a historian studying challenges to the Ptolemaic view of the universe?
Nicolaus Copernicus's 1543 treatise, On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres
All of the following were major causes of the Protestant Reformation in Europe EXCEPT
a. political exigency.
b. commoners' desire for a more personal connection to the divine.
c. the Roman Catholic reformation and the Council of Trent.
d. corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.
The Roman Catholic reformation and the Council of Trent
The Spanish Inquisition was first established in 1478 by
Fernando and Isabel
Who led the opposing sides in the English civil war?
Cromwell vs King Charles I
All of the following were policies pursued by Louis XIV EXCEPT
a. the creation of the palace at Versailles.
b. economic development.
c. the maintenance of a huge standing army.
d. an attempt to make the nobles an active part of the government.
an attempt to make the nobles an active part of the government.
Luther's initial stimulus for formulating the Ninety-Five Theses was
the sale of indulgences
The most important consequence of the Peace of Westphalia was in
promoting the notion that the European nations viewed each other as sovereign and equal
The theory of universal gravity is associated with
Isaac Newton
The most important early capitalist thinker was
Adam Smith
Council of Trent
took steps to reform the Catholic Church
The most destructive European conflict before the twentieth century was the
Thirty Years War
Versailles was the magnificent royal palace of
Louis XIV
Which of the following states developed constitutional states in the seventeenth century?
England and the Netherlands
The ancien régime was the
Old order in France that revolutionary leaders wanted to replace
All of the following were principles built into the government of the newly formed American state EXCEPT
a. the creation of a federal republic.
b. a responsible government based on popular sovereignty.
c. freedom from British control.
d. the equality of all inhabitants.
the equality of all inhabitants.
The author of the Declaration of the rights of woman and the female citizen was?
Olympe De Gouges also known as Marie Gouze
Theodore Herzl was the founder of
Zionism
The Congress of Vienna created a diplomatic order based on balance of power under the guidance of
Klemens von Metternich
All of the following conditions of the creole elites in South America were similar to the experiences of British colonists in North America EXCEPT
a. purging peninsulares from positions of power would have been detrimental to effective governance
b. the creoles resented economic and administrative controls imposed on them by the Iberian colonial powers of Portugal and Spain.
c. enlightened political thought influenced the creoles to occasionally become involved in tax revolts and popular uprisings.
d. expanding trade with Spain and Portugal increased the profits of creole-owned or -operated plantations and ranches
a. purging peninsulares from positions of power would have been detrimental to effective governance
The leaders of the French Revolution
called for a complete reorganizing of French political, social, and cultural structures.
All of the following were similarities between the American Declaration of Independence and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen EXCEPT
a. sovereignty resided in the people.
b. individual rights to liberty, property, and security were affirmed.
c. everyone was entitled to fair, safe working conditions.
d. the equality of all men was proclaimed.
c. everyone was entitled to fair, safe working conditions.
Which of the following events justifies the claim that the late 1770s marked the beginning of a new period in the history of comparative government?
The incidence of the first of the revolutions influenced by enlightenment ideas
The German leader Otto von Bismarck believed that the great issues of his day would be determined by
blood and iron
The goal of Simón Bolívar was to
Weld the former Spanish colonies of South America into a confederation like the United States
The Declaration of Independence's contractual view of political structure, in which the government drew its authority from "the consent of the governed," was influenced most heavily by
John Locke
All of the following would be useful sources for research about the foundations of nineteenth century Zionism EXCEPT
a. descriptions of reactions of the French public to the Dreyfus affair.
b. the declaration of the establishment of the state of Israel.
c. immigration records of central and eastern European Jews.
d. a copy of Theodore Herzl's 1896 pamphlet Judenstaat.
b. the declaration of the establishment of the state of Israel.
In August 1789, the National Assembly expressed the guiding principles of the French revolution by issuing?
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
Which of the following was NOT one of John Locke's main ideas?
a. that sovereignty was held by the people in a society
b. that although kings did have divine sanction, their subjects maintained personal rights
c. that rulers derived their authority from the consent of those they governed
d. that subjects had the right to remove their ruler
e. that individuals retained personal rights to life, liberty, and property
b. that although kings did have divine sanction, their subjects maintained personal rights
Simón Bolívar succinctly summed up the developing political situation in Latin America when he said
"I fear peace more than war"
Which of the following is NOT true of the conflict in the Civil War?
a. The north fought exclusively for the abolishment of slavery.
b. Two-thirds of the railroad lines were in the north.
c. Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation was followed two years later by the Thirteenth Amendment.
d. Around 90 percent of the country's industrial capacity was in the north.
e. The first two years of the war ended in stalemate.
a. The north fought exclusively for the abolishment of slavery.
After the conclusion of Reconstruction, freed slaves
quickly lost their political and civil liberties in the southern states
The term "manifest destiny" is associated with what country?
United States
Which of the following was NOT one of the chief factors in the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War?
a. the issue of slavery
b. the traditional argument between a British or French alliance
c. the imperatives of a budding industrial-capitalist system against those of an export-oriented plantation economy
d. states' rights as opposed to the federal government's authority
e. the election of Abraham Lincoln
b. the traditional argument between a British or French alliance
The early stages of industrial development in the United States depended in large part on investment capital from which of the following nations?
Great Britain
New France passed into British control after the
Seven Years War
In terms of the industrial development of the United States in the late nineteenth century, the most important economic development was the
the construction of railroad lines that linked all U.S. regions
A major Native American victory by the Lakota Sioux against the United States armed forces came in 1876 at the battle of
Little Bighorn
The lines, "We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal," come from the
Declaration of Sentiments of the Seneca Falls Convention
Caudillos were
regional military leaders who provided order in Latin America
In which of the following ways did industrialization affect the family unit?
Over time it became less common for family members to work in groups
Over the long haul, trade unions
reduced the likelihood of a revolution by improving the lives of working people
The growing demand for cotton cloth in the eighteenth century threatened British
wool producers
Throughout most of the nineteenth century, employers and governments
viewed trade unions as illegal associations designed to restrain trade
According to economic historians, all of the following explain why the industrial revolution occurred first in England EXCEPT
Free trade policies that maximized the comparative advantage of the British in the world economy.
The dominant form of industrial organization by the end of the nineteenth century was
factory system
The invention of the flying shuttle
sped the weaving process
Crucial to industrialization was
the replacement of human and animal power with inanimate sources of energy such as steam
Beginning in the nineteenth century, industrializing lands experienced a social change known as the demographic transition when
the fertility rate began a marked decline
The use of machine tools to produce large quantities of interchangeable parts was developed by
Eli Whitney
In the late nineteenth century, Germany led the European countries in the movement to
Pass reforms such as minimum wage laws and unemployment insurance for workers
The use of which of the following increased dramatically in the nineteenth century?
steel
Marx and the communists that once the "dictatorship of the proletariat" was established, private property
Should be abolished
According to the Manifesto of the Communist Party, all of human history had been a history of
class struggle
Which of the following was a key feature in the rapid industrialization of Great Britain?
high agricultural productivity, population density, navigable rivers and canals, sophisticated banking and financial institutions

CORRECT:
All these answers are correct.
The luddites
were crafts workers who destroyed textile machines.
James Watt's steam engine did not adapt well to transportation uses because
it consumed too much coal
The industrial revolution began in
Great Britain
What are the similarities between the lives of middle class and lower class women as a result of industrialization
The Priam army joe of middle class women was taking care of the house and children while lower class women worked outside the home as domestic or as industrial workers
Which of the following is not a correct pairing of inventor and invention
Josiah Wedgwood and "mule"
The social darwinists believed that
Powerful nations were meant to dominate weaker societies
Europeans justified imperialism most strong through their belief in which of the following
European racial and cultural superiority
The arbitrary partitions created by Europeans most likely caused issues due to which of the following?
The complete disregard for established African social and culture divisions
The Roosevelt corollary strengthened the U.S military and economics claims in which area of the world?
Those territories lying in the Western Hemisphere to the south of the united states
The completion of the sues canal dramatically advanced
British control over India
Who carved out a personal colony in central Africa and filled it with rubber plantations run by forced labor?
King Leopold of Belgium
Who said "We are the finest race in the world and the more of the world we inhabit, the better it is for the human race"?
Cecil Rhodes
In regard to imperialism, the Japanese and Americans
Proved to be just as racist as the Europeans
Which of the following technological innovations had the least influence on communication between imperial countries and their colonies in the nineteenth century?
Railroads
The Scottish minister who, while searching for suitable missionary posts, traveled through much central and Southern Africa was
David Livingstone
Which of the following was a long term effect of partitioning African populations?
Divisions and political rivalries
The Congo Free State was established in the 1870s by
Belgium
All of the following conclusions are supported regarding the European partitioning Africa except
The unimportance of strategic geographic positions
Cecil Rhodes was
A leading British imperialist who founded a colony in Africa
The Monroe doctrine
Worked as a justification for U.S. intervention in western hemispheric affairs
The author of "the White Man's Burden" was
Rudyard Kipling
Japan became a major imperial power after its victory in the
Russo-Japanese War
After the overthrow of Queen Lili'uokalani in 1893, the United States took over?
Hawaii
The key figures behind the uprising in 1857 in India were
Disgruntled Sepoy troops
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