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Neuro CDM Exam 2 Quizzes

Terms in this set (76)

As listed in Umphred's Perceptual Deficits in CNS Dysfunction
"Difficulty initiating tasks" is an example of Left (hemisphere) CVA, Right Hemiparesis :
Left (hemisphere) CVA, Right Hemiparesis
As listed in Umphred's Perceptual Deficits in CNS Dysfunction
"Irritability and confusion, short attention span, appearance of lethargy" are examples of Right (hemisphere) CVA, Left Hemiparesis :
Right (hemisphere) CVA, Left Hemiparesis
As listed in Umphred's Perceptual Deficits in CNS Dysfunction
"Manual and verbal perseverations" are examples of Left (hemisphere) CVA, Right Hemiparesis :
Left (hemisphere) CVA, Right Hemiparesis
As listed in Umphred's Perceptual Deficits in CNS Dysfunction
"Sequencing and directionality deficits" are examples of Left (hemisphere) CVA, Right Hemiparesis :
Left (hemisphere) CVA, Right Hemiparesis
As listed in Umphred's Perceptual Deficits in CNS Dysfunction
"Affect lability, feelings of persecution" are examples of Right (hemisphere) CVA, Left Hemiparesis :
Right (hemisphere) CVA, Left Hemiparesis
According to "Communication Disorders" in the Clinical Application of the Cerebrum listed in Lundy-Ekman, Wernicke's aphasia involves deficits with the expressive components with characteristics of grammatical omissions and errors, short phrases, and effortful speech.
False
Common in those with HTN and diabetes; contralateral weakness and sensory loss, ataxia, dysarthria
Lacunar Infarcts
Contralateral sensory loss, thalamic pain syndrome, homonymous hemianopia, visual agnosia, and cortical blindness
Posterior Artery Occlusion
Occurs in the lateral thalamus, posterior limb of internal capsule, or parietal lobe; intolerable burning pain and sensory preservation; sensation of stimulus remains after the stimulus has ben remobed; sensation is perceived as noxious and exaggerated
Thalamic Pain Syndrome
Impairments related to the area of the brain affected and the hemisphere affected
Other Stroke Syndromes
Contralateral weakness and sensory loss primarily in the lower extremity, incontinence, aphasia, memory and behavioral deficits
Anterior Cerebral Artery Occlusion
Cranial nerve involvement (diplopia, dysphagia, dysarthria, deafness, vertigo), ataxia, equilibrium disturbances, headaches, and dizziness
Vertebrobasilar Artery Occlusion
Contralateral sensory loss and weakness in the face and upper extremity, less involvement in the lower extremity, homonymous hemianopia
Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion
R CVAs that push and lean toward their hemiplegic side; cervical rotation and lateral flexion to the R; absent or significantly impaired tactile and kinesthetic awareness; visual deficits; truncal asymmetries; increased weight bearing on L during sitting with resistance encountered when attempts are made to achieve an equal weight bearing position; difficulties with transfers, pushes backward
Pusher Syndrome
Contralateral sensory loss, pain, homonymous hemianopsia, visual agnosia, and cortical blindness
Posterior Cerebral Artery Occlusion
The loss of selective recruitment of physiologically antagonistic muscles describes:
cocontraction
What is the rate of falls among survivors of acute stroke?
36 percent
How do clients with stroke compensate for delayed activation of distal muscles in the paretic limb in response to a forward sway perturbation?
They compensate by early activation of proximal muscles in the nonparetic limb.
According to the Shumway-Cook's chapter on Abnormal Mobility, regarding a discussion on "Hip Flexors," compensatory strategies used to advance the swing leg despite inadequate hip flexion include: a ______ tilt of the pelvis with activation of the ______ muscles, circumduction, and ________ __________.
posterior; abdominal; contralateral; vaulting
How does adductor spasticity diminish safety while walking?
it causes narrowed base of support during ambulation
Which of the following assessment tools would best classify gait abilities in a client with stroke?
Emory Functional Ambulation Profile
Research suggests that clients with stroke walk the slowest if they have:
sensory deficits
On Table 15-1 Scores on the Video Face Test in Patients With Unilateral Spatial Neglect (USN), researchers found that many of the individuals with USN:
were unable to perceive faces while stepping
A client with right hemisphere damage would most likely have:
left unilateral neglect and difficulty reaching for objects presented on the left side of the body.
A client with a parietal lesion would most likely manifest:
optic ataxia
What makes it difficult for a client with stroke to extend the elbow while simultaneously flexing the shoulder?
Abnormal torque coupling
Research suggests that for patients post stroke, the majority of recovery in reach and grasp occurs within what time period?
by the 90 day time point
During reach and grasp, a client with a left hemispheric stoke would most likely have:
impaired scaling grasp prehension
How does loss of somatosensation affect precision grip in patients post-stroke?
Reduced somatosensation contributes to altered timing and force adjustment during tasks utilizing precision grip.
Which measure is designed specifically to determine the amount and quality of hemiparetic arm use after stroke?
The Motor Activity Log
A therapist is assessing multiple joint upper extremity movement under timed conditions in a patient with subacute stroke. Which measure is specifically designed to do this?
The Wolf Motor Function Test
According to a conceptual figure in Umphred's Movement Dysfunction Associated with Cerebellar Damage (Ch. 21), the major roles of the cerebellum are:
adjusting movements to existing conditions
You note in the PT evaluation that your patient has pusher syndrome. According to O'Sullivan's chapter on Stroke, which of the following would be the LEAST effective technique to include while working on sitting balance?
Passively correct the patient's posture and give verbal cues.
According to O'Sullivan's chapter (Ch. 18) on Stroke, what is the advantage of a client with stroke using a knee-hyperextension strategy during walking?
To allow for a more stable posture during the stance phase of gait
Therapeutic factors to consider when arranging the patient room include:
place the night stand on the patient's weaker side; position the bed with the patient's weaker side toward the door
techniques which help to incorporate the weaker UE in activities does not include:
using the wheelchair arm trough
the most therapeutic position for a patient to assume when lying in bed is:
on the involved side
advantages of weight bearing on the affected side include all of the following except:
decreases sensory stimulation
when positioning a patient at a table, do the following:
bring both arms forward on the table
goals of this therapeutic approach include all of the following except:
promote compensation
In order to prevent pain, avoid all of the following except:
positioning the involved side in bed
when mobilizing the scapula into elevation
move the humerus and scapula together, in elevation
with repetition, the scapula begins to glide more easily (T/F)
true
the scapulohumeral rhythm is approximately:
2:1
before bringing the arm into more than 90 degrees of shoulder flexion or abduction:
make sure the humerus is in ER
subluxation is the major cause of shoulder pain (t/f)
false
when preparing to transfer the patent, consider all of the following except:
quickest method
characteristics of normal movement seen when transferring between like surfaces include all of the following except:
stand and then pivot to the transfer
when performing maximum assist transfer toward the patient's weaker side, the assistant should do all of the following except:
instruct the patient to push up from the armrest on the stronger side
to perform a more moderate assist transfer toward the involved side, the assistant should:
instruct the patient to stand up and rotate his hips to the transfer surface
verbal cues when transferring with moderate assist are:
"come forward, turn, sit down"
to reposition your patient in the wheelchair:
have your patient come forward and approximate the knee
During sit to stand, the feet are normally placed:
behind the knees
in order to stand up, we normally shift our weight forward until:
our hips clear the chair
in order to stand up, we normally shift our weight forward until:
our hips clear the chair
for fearful patients, we should provide:
grab bars
the patients knee may buckle due to
fatigue
most patients "plop" into the chair when they sit down because:
they dont come far enough forward
when coming from sit to stand, the taller the patient, the more:
forward the patient will need to lean
Guidelines to follow when positionign the patients include all of the following except:
position from proximal to distal
a guideline to follow when positioning the patient in supine is:
support the involved arm on a pillow with the elbow extended and the forearm supinated if possible
goals to be accomplished in positioning the patient on the involved side include all of the following except:
lessen patient discomfort by positioning the shoulder with weight over the humeral head
when positioning a patient sitting in bed, do the following:
place the bedside table in front to support the involved UE
components of normal movement used when scooting side-to-side include
bend knees and pull weight onto feet; lift head and shoulders
a common mistake assistants make when brining a patient from lying to sitting from the weaker side is:
the do not flex the patient's trunk forward enough, which allows the patient to push back and flop onto the bed
during your evaluation and interview
position yourself on their weaker side
which of the following is not an observation of asymmetry
sensory impairment
which of the following best describes factors influencing muscle tone
fear, pain, sensory impairment, rapid movements
which of the following is considered a transitional movement
sitting up from a side lying position
creating a safe environment in treatment helps to
all of the above
- reduce high tone, decrease fear, and facilitate better movement
taking a patient through passive movement helps to
establish kinesthetic awareness and perception of movement
the best way to know if what youre doing in therapy is "right or wrong" is to
observe the patients response
which of the following are factors to consider in choosing an activity
all of the above
- appropriate cognitive level
- familiar to the patient
- requires problem solving
a "good starting position" for a patient in sitting would include
feet flat on the floor
what methods are used to incorporate a non-functional UE into a functional activity
weight bearing, bilateral, and guiding
the most important factor for a patient to become truly independent is the ability to problem solve (t/f)
true
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