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Cook's Spelling Rules

Terms in this set (19)

Always
A word is not a word without a vowel

Always with that vowel, if I word doesn't look right, or sound right, try the vowel:

short
long
schwa= /u/
q is always followed by u

queen
Always you will find, e English words don't end in u or v

love

also, English words do not end j
You will always find that letters never follows x

box
sox
fox
dge is only used after a single vowel that says it's short sound

edge

dge may be used only after a single vowel that says

a,e,i,o, or u

badge
edge
bridge
lodge
budge

Exceptions: three words contain a silent d

knowledge
acknowledge
cartridge
words beginning with the sound /z/ are always spelled with z never s

zoo
Always you will find, chameleon prefixes are hard to spell because the only hear on consonant.

example: ad= to, toward
ad + pear= appear instead of adpear \ ə-ˈpir \
ad + tract= attract instead of adtract /
\ ə-ˈtrakt \
Always-Till and full, written alone, have two l's,

but when used as a suffix, only one l is written

until
beautiful
We often use ay
to say a at the end of a base word,
never a alone

say
way
slay
Sometimes
i and y term-
sometime say "igh"

big
gym

but may say i

silent
my
type

The letter y, not i, is used at the end of an English word

(my)
pike
sly
Sometimes, words in o after a consonant may spell their plural with an s or es

noes
tomatoes
heros
potatoes
Sometimes, if a word ends with an s, x, z, ch or sh form the plural by add es

misses
dresses

waxes
boxes
torches
lunches

sashes
rashes
ti, xi, si, ci, are sometimes used to say/sh/

si says "sh" when the syllable before it ends in ans /session

si may say /zh/ as invision
when adding an ending to a word that ends with a consonant and y, sometimes use i instead of y unless the ending is ing.

baby
babies

try
tried
trying
sometimes "ed" has one of these three sounds

/ed/- shredded
/d/- spied, lived
/t/- poked, jumped
ck sometimes can be used only after a single vowel that says it's short sound

back
neck
lick
rock
duck
Sometimes drop the final e in a word before adding a suffix beginning with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) but not before a suffix beginning with a consonant.

Examples:
ride + ing = riding
guide + ance = guidance
like + ness = likeness
arrange + ment = arrangement
Sometimes change a final y to i before a suffix, unless the suffix begins with i.

party + es = parties
try + es = tries
ruby +es= rubies
spy + es= spies

try + ing = trying
copy + ing = copying
Sometimes, nouns end in a vowel then a y for those just add an s

joys
rays
plays
sprays
monkeys
...
To make a long vowel sound, sometimes you need to add a second vowel.

Examples:
boat
cheap
paid
The letter "q" is almost always followed by the letter "u" and it sometimes sounds like /kw/.

examples:
quack
quart
quarter
queen
question
quick
quilt
quiz.

However, for some words the "qu" sounds like a /k/

conquer
i and o may sometimes say /I/ and /O/ if followed by 2 consonants

find
old
When a vowel sounds like its name in a word, sometimes it is called a long vowel sound

go
no
Sometimes, use i before e, except after c, or when sounding like "a" as in "neighbor" and "weigh."

Examples: piece, chief, perceive, ceiling

Some exceptions: neighbor, weird, height, neither, weigh

After c we use ei (receive). If we say a, we use ei (vein). In the list of exceptions, we use ei. In all other words, the phonogram ie is used
Sometimes, double a final single consonant before adding a suffix when the word ends with a single vowel followed by a single consonant AND the consonant ends an accented syllable or a one-syllable word.

Examples: stop + ing =stopping occur + ence = occurrence swim + ing = swimming
sometimes nouns ending in f form plurals by adding an s

roofs
cliffs
muffs
reefs
Sometimes nouns ending in f or fe form plurals by adding a ve

elves
wives
halves
wolves
lives
Rarely
Rarely, adding a prefix to a word does not usually change the spelling.

Examples:
bi + cycle= bicycle
re + act= react
"f" as in "font,"

"ph" saying "f" as in "geography," or

Rarely, "gh" is saying "f" as in "enough"
Rarely, does a word end in a it can say /ä/ ex sō-də.

Soda
Tricia
Ava


A may also say /ä/
after a w or before an l

wall
call
ball
the "c" alone is not always able to sound like a hard "c." but in "ch" and rarely it is "s"

Therefore, and as in "ache" the silent "h" after the "c" is needed in approximately 20 words because without the "h" after the "c," the "c" would become soft.


"ache" would be "ace" without the silent "h," and "chemistry" would be "cemistry."
Rarely, add an E to keep singular words that end in the letter S from looking plural

lakes

places

socks

fairies
Rarely, TH says its voiced sound /THU/ because of the E

these
them
Rarely, you will encounter irregular plurals

examples:

mouse- mice
ox-oxen
foot-feet
child-children
woman-women
man-men
goose-geese
tooth-teeth
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