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Organelles

Terms in this set (30)

Prokaryote
A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
cell membrane
barrier between intracellular and extracellular environments. It is semi-permeable.
cell wall
Found in Plant Cells and Prokaryotes. Strudy/Rigid exterior of cell.
chloroplast
organelle in plant cell; captures sunlight for photosynthesis
cytoplasm
jelly-like substance that supports organelles in cell
nucleus
control center of the cell; contains DNA
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
modifies proteins and transports material throughout the cell; covered in ribosomes
golgi bodies
Packages proteins for transport out of the cell
lysosome
digests & recycles food, worn out cell parts and waste in cell
mitochondria
powerhouse of the cell; converts glucose into ATP energy
ribosomes
uses DNA blueprint to bond amino acids (protein synthesis)
vacuole
A stationary membrane bound storage sac.
chlorophyll
green pigment that captures sunlight for photosynthesis
vesicle
A mobile vacuole
Smooth ER
Lipid & Hormone Synthesis, NO Ribosomes
nucleolus
Ribosome Synthesis
Cytoskeleton
A network of fibers in the cytoplasm that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement
Cilia
Hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for movement or sensing things
Flagella
whip-like tails found in one-celled organisms to aid in movement
Centrioles
Cell organelle that aids in cell division in animal cells only
cell theory
idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells
organelles only in plant cells
cell wall, chloroplast, central vacuole
Organelles only in animal cells
centrioles and lysosomes
Eukaryote
A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Protein
Amino Acids are bonded together via a peptide bond forming a polypeptide. The poly peptide goes through a series of structures: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary.
Lipids
Make up cell and organelle membranes, commonly referred to as fats.
Carbohydrates
Polymers of Simple Sugars such as Chitin, Cellulose, Starch & Glycogen
Nucleic Acids
Made up of nucleotides: Such as DNA & RNA
Nucleotide
Sugar, Phosphate & a Base (adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine)
Chromatin
Visible Genetic Material within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins called histone
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