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Patho Week 12 Ch 38-40

Terms in this set (26)

1. Define and describe the glomerular filtration rate
1237
2. Relate the renin-angiotensin system and natriuretic peptides to renal blood flow and glomerular filtration.
1240
3. Define and describe tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion, and excretion.
1238
4. List and describe the three forces that contribute to the net filtration pressure (NFP) and explain how NFP is calculated.
1237
5. Differentiate the electrolytes reabsorbed and secreted by the proximal and distal tubules.
1237 pic
6. Describe the effect of the following on the formation of dilute or concentrated urine: urea, catecholamines, antidiuretic hormone (ADH), urodilatin, and atrial natriuretic peptide.
1241
7. Describe a diuretic; list and describe the four categories of diuretics.
idk
8. Identify hormones activated or secreted by the kidney, and describe their actions.
1240
9. Describe the cellular changes in the renal system that accompany normal aging and their clinical significance.
1243
10. Relate the presence of red blood cells, white blood cells, renal casts, and crystals to renal dysfunction.
1248
11. Describe the three factors required for renal calculus (stone) formation.
1248
12. Describe the clinical manifestations and treatments for renal stones.
1249
13. Characterize the following lower urinary tract obstructions: bladder neck dyssynergia, prostate enlargement, urethral structure, pelvic organ prolapse, and neurogenic bladder.
1250
14. Describe the incidence and origin of renal adenomas and renal cell carcinomas.
1252
15. Describe the common organisms causing UTIs to include pathophysiology, pathogenicity, virulence, and host defense mechanisms.
1254
16. Compare and contrast the signs, symptoms, and etiology of cystitis, acute pyelonephritis, and chronic pyelonephritis.
1255
17. Describe acute glomerulonephritis to include features, cellular changes, manifestations, and treatment.
1257
18. Relate the following terms to the changes that take place in glomerulonephritis: proteinuria, hematuria, oliguria, edema, and hypertension.
1257
19. Differentiate among prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal renal failure.
1264
20. Describe the multiple system outcomes of chronic renal failure.
1267
21. Describe common congenital structural abnormalities of the renal and urinary system.
1280
22. Describe the congenital malformations associated with hypospadias, epispadias, ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction, bladder outlet obstruction, hypoplastic or dysplastic kidneys, renal agenesis, polycystic kidneys, infundibular stenosis, and megacalycosis.
1280
23. Describe the etiology, clinical signs and symptoms, and pathophysiology of hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS).
1284
24. Describe the structural alterations, pathophysiology, and manifestations of vesicoureteral reflux.
1288
25. Discuss Wilms tumor in terms of age of onset, possible oncogenic origin, manifestations, and treatment.
1286
26. Discuss the occurrence, patterns, and probable etiologies of enuresis.
1289
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