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Pharm Final

Terms in this set (36)

Alpha blockers
Vasodilate by blocking smaller blood vessels cells from receiving vasoconstriction signals

"-zosin"
Contraindications
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Side effects
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Patient teaching
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Interactions
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Beta blockers
anti-hypertensive and anti-anginal drugs

"-olol"

"blocks" the myocardium and conduction system

Decreases HR (negative chronotropic)
Decreases myocardial contractility (negative inotropic)
Decreases AV node rate of conduction (negative dromotropic)
Contraindications
AV block
Sinus bradycardia
Bronchial asthma due to bronchoconstriction
Side effects
Hypotension
Bradycardia
AV block
Dizziness
Fatigue
Lethargy
Wheezing
Dyspnea
Depression
Bronchoconstriction
Increased airway resistance w asthma or COPD
Patient teaching
Do not abruptly DC! Rebound tachycardia
Can cause orthostatic hypotension; get up and ambulate slowly/carefully
DM patient: Masks s/s of hypoglycemia ie. tachycardia
Report HR less than 60 bpm
ACE inhibitors
anti-hypertensive drugs that block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

"First line" drugs for HTN and HF
Contraindications
Pregnancy; can cause fetal death in the 2nd/3rd trimester
Lactation
Known allergy, angioedema
Children
Bilateral artery stenosis
Elevated K+ due to hyperkalemic effects

Caution w potassium-sparing diuretics and supplementation due to K+ retention and Na/H20 excretion (hyperkalemia)
Side effects
Dry, non-productive cough due to excess bradykinin
Fatigue
Dizziness
Mood changes
Headache
Hyperkalemia
Angioedema; may progress to anaphylaxis and OD
Severe hypotension
Patient teaching
May experience "first-dose hypotensive effects"
Get up and ambulate slowly and carefully due to orthostatic hypotension
(Lanoxin) Digoxin
anti-dysrhythmic medication
cardiac glycoside used to control the ventricular conduction rate in HF and atrial fibrillation

Reduces HR (negative chronotrope)
Increases myocardial contractility (positive inotrope)
Decreases SA node conduction rate
Toxicity
Low therapeutic index increases risk of toxicity!

Therapeutic levels at 0.5 - 2 ng/mL
Toxicity can occur at 0.75!

Anorexia = first sign of toxicity!

Monitor for hypokalemia!
Can cause lethal dysrhythmias!

Antidote = Digifab (Digibind)
Nitroglycerin administration
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(Spirnalactone) Aldactone
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MOA
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Adverse effects
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Monitoring
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Furesemide (Lasix)
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MOA
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Adverse effects
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Monitoring
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Herapin
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Indications
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Administration notes
Reversal agent:
Monitoring
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Aspirin
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Indications
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Administration notes
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Monitoring
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Lovenox
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Indications
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Administration notes
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Monitoring
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