Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month

chapter 18

Terms in this set (23)

pituitary gland
The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands.
anterior pituitary
adenohypophysis
posterior pituitary
neurohypophysis
infundibulum
A stalk that attaches the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus.
hypothalamus
A neural structure lying below the thalamus; it directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temperature), helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion and reward.
pineal gland
secretes melatonin
endocrine gland
A gland (as the thyroid or the pituitary) that produces an endocrine secretion -- called also ductless gland, gland of internal secretion.
exocrine glands
secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs or out of the body
interstitial fluid
fluid between cells
receptor
protein that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response
transport protein
protein that moves substances or wastes through the plasma membrane
hormones
chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine glands, travel through the bloodstream, and affect other tissues
autocrine
term for hormones that act on same cells that secrete them
paracrine
Referring to a secreted molecule that acts on a neighboring cell.
down regulation
target cells lose receptors in response to the hormone
up-regulation
target cells form more receptors in response to the hormone
synthesized
made by bringing together different elements
circulating hormones
circulate blood throughout the body
lipid-soluble
a substance that dissolves in lipids
water-soluble
able to dissolve in water
permissive effect
first hormone allows action of second hormone
synergistic effect
interaction of two or more medicines that results in a greater effect than when the medicines are taken alone
antagonist effect
combined effect of two or more drugs that produces less than the effect of each drug alone
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...