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Gen Chem 1 Final

Terms in this set (79)

How many electrons, protons, and neutrons are present in 132/54Xe
54, 54, 78
Which pair of atoms constitute a pair of isotopes of the same element?
14/6X and 12/6X
Which statement of the following is INCORRECT with respect to the "Particulate view of the world"
Boiling point of water is high due to its linear structure that leads to the enhancement of intermolecular attraction.
Which one of the following is NOT one of the postulates of Dalton's atomic theory?
Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
A certain mass of carbon reacts with 12.50 g of oxygen to form carbon monoxide. How many grams of oxygen would react with the same mass of carbon to form carbon dioxide, according to the law of multiple proportion
25.00 g
"Atomic symbols are based on _____."
Which one of the following is INCORRECT for the black?
Political groups
Electrons were discovered by a)______ while nucleus was discovered by b)_____.
a) J. J. Thompson, b) Ernest Rutherford
Which of the following analysis techniques is widely used to determine the Masses of Atoms and Molecules?
Mass Spectrometry
Element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundance of the isotopes are given in the table below. What is the atomic weight of the element?
41.54
Which of the following subatomic particles reside in the atomic nucleus?
Protons and neutrons
What is the velocity of an electron that has a wave length of 369 pm? The mass of electron is 9.11 x 10-31 kg. Planck's constant (h) is 6.626 x 10^-34 J·s.ø Hint: Use the equation about the de Broglie's matter waves.ø1 pm = 1 x 10^-12 m
1.97 x 10^6 m/s
What important concept was learned from the Photoelectric Experiment?
Light is quantized and it comes in "packets" known as photons
What is the energy of TWO photons of visible radiation of wavelength λ= 350 nm?
ø Speed of light (c): 3.00 x 10^8 m/sø Planck's constant (h) : 6.626x10^-34 J·s
1.14 x 10^-18 J
Which of the following is INCORRECT about the Bohr model?
An atomic orbital is a mathematical function that describes the wave-like behavior of either one electron or a pair of electrons in an atom.
The distance between two adjacent peaks (or between two adjacent troughs) on a wave is called the ______, while the number of complete cycles of the wave, that pass a given point each second is called the _______ of the wave.
wavelength, frequency
An electron occupies a 4d orbital. Which of the following combinations of quantum numbers is NOT possible for the state of the electron?
n = 4; l = 2; ml = -3; ms = -1/2
The __________ states that we cannot specify the location and energy of electron at the same time.
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle
Which one of the following radiation has the shortest wavelength?
X-ray
Which of the following transitions in the hydrogen atom results in the absorption of light of the highest energy?
n = 1 to n = 3
Which of the following is INCORRECT about the following orbital?
The electrons in this orbital should be in up-spin states.
"_____ states that for degenerate orbitals, the lowest energy is attained when the number of electrons with the same spin is maximized."
Hund's rule
Which of the following elements has the most negative electron affinity?
A)Mg
B)Ar
C)Cl
D)P
C) Cl
Which of the following elements has the lowest 1st ionization energy?
A)Mg
B)Ba
C)Sr
D)Be
Ba
When arranged in order of increasing atomic number and organized in the periodic table, the elements exhibit periodicity for all of the following properties except _____.
atomic mass
The electron configuration of sodium (Na) is1s22s22p63s1. The effective nuclear charge experienced by the 3s electron of sodium is +2.5, not +1. Which of the following statements explains this phenomenon appropriately?
The 3s electron has some probability of being inside the inner (core) shells.
The electron configurations of several neutral atoms are shown as following. Which one has the most negative electron affinity?
A)
1s22s22p63s1
B)
1s22s22p63s23p2
C)
1s22s22p63s23p5
D)
1s22s22p2
1s22s22p63s23p5
Which one of the following doesn't have the isoelectronic configuration of Ar?
A)
Cl-
B)
S2-
C)
Rb+
D)
P3-
C)
Rb+
Which of the following atoms has the largest atomic radius?
A)
Na
B)
Al
C)
P
D)
Cl
A) Na
Which one of the following scientists has nothing to do with the discovery of periodic trends of elements?
Schrödinger
Which of the following ions has the largest ionic radius?
A)
Se2-
B)
Sr2+
C)
Br -
D)
Rb+
A)
Se2-
Which of the following covalent bonds between the same two atoms is the longest?
single bond
An organic compound is made of 38.68 % C, 9.76 % H, and 51.56 % O by mass.(Molar masses of C, H, and O are 12.01 g/mol, 1.01 g/mol, and 16.00 g/mol, respectively.)
What is the empirical formula for the compound?
CH3O
In #2, if the molar mass of the compound is 62.08 g/mol, then what is the molecular formula for the compound?
C2H6O2
Predict the formula of ionic compound that forms from Fe3+ and SO42-.
Fe2(SO4)3
The correct name for ClO3- and ClO- is ____________.
chlorate, hypochlorite
What is the correct formula of iron(III) bromide?
FeBr3
There are several ways to represent the structure of a molecule. Which one is the "Space-filling model"?
big bubble circle one
Which of the following chemical bonds is formed by electrostatic attraction between ions
Ionic bond
Which one of the following properties of matter is NOT influenced by intermolecular forces?
Flammability
Combustion of 30.42 g of a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen produces 35.21 g CO2 and 14.42 g H2O. What is the empirical formula of the compound?
C2H4O3
What is (1) the electron domain geometry of the central atom and (2) the molecular geometry of Sulfur tetrafluoride (SF4)?
(1) trigonal bipyramidal (2) see-saw
What is the only noble gas without eight valence electrons?
He
How many equivalent resonance forms can be drawn for CO32- (carbon is the central atom)
3
How many valence electrons does the ion NO- have?
12
Predict the relative bond angles in BF3 and SO2.
BF3 bond angles > SO2 bond angle
Which of the following molecules satisfies the octet rule?
PCl3
Which of the following elements is the most electronegative?
A)
K
B)
C
C)
O
D)
P
C) O
What are the formal charges on fluorine (the one indicated by an arrow) and boron of the following compound?
+1 and -1
Which one of the following molecules is polar?
A)
SF2
B)
PF5
C)
BH3
D)
CS2
A)
SF2
The s (sigma) bond in ethylene (CH2CH2) results from the overlap of ________.
sp2 - sp2 hybrid orbitals
A typical triple bond ___________.
consists of one sigma bond and two pi bonds
What is the compounds called that have the same molecular formula but different structures or different spatial arrangement of atoms.
isomers
Which one of the following molecules has unpaired electrons based on molecular orbital theory?
O2
In molecular orbital theory, the orbital is _____ and the orbital is
_____ in the H2 molecule.
filled, empty
The combination of two atomic orbitals results in the formation of ______ molecular orbitals.
B)
2
What are the bond orders of the H - H bond in the H2, H2+, and H2-, respectively based on molecular orbital theory?
1, 1/2 , and 1/2
The sp3d2 atomic hybrid orbital set accommodates _____ electron domains.
D)
6
Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT about valence bond theory?
Atomic orbitals are linearly combined to form molecular orbitals (bonding and anti-bonding orbitals).
According to valence bond theory, which orbitals overlap in the formation of HCl?
1s on H and 3p on Cl
What is it called "the area of study that examines the quantities of substances consumed and produced in chemical reactions"?
Stoichiometry
Find the right coefficients for the following unbalanced equation.
__C5H10O2(l) + __O2(g) → __CO2(g) + __H2O(g)
2, 13, 10, 10
Which one of the following is NOT a physical change?
Combustion of propane gas
What law or principle does the following statement describe?
"Atoms are neither created nor destroyed during any chemical reaction"
The law of conservation of mass
Automobile air bags inflate when solid sodium azide, NaN3, decomposes rapidly to its component elements.
2 NaN3(s) → 2 Na(s) + 3 N2(g)
How many grams of sodium azide are needed to produce 5.00 g of nitrogen gas (N2)? (Molar masses of Na and N are 22.99 and 14.00 g/mol, respectively.)
7.74 g
For the reaction shown here, 3.5 mol A is mixed with 5.9 mol B and 2.2 mol C. What is the limiting reactant?
3 A + 2 B + C ¾® 2 D
A
Balanced chemical equations imply which of the following:
Numbers of atoms are conserved in chemical change.
Consider the following reaction:
2 Al(s) + 3Cl2(g) → 2 AlCl3(s)
A mixture of 3.00 mol of Al and 3.00 mol of Cl2 is allowed to react. Which is the limiting reactant?
Cl2
An element, X reacts with hydrogen and produces HX.
H2(g) + X2 → 2 HX(g)
It also reacts with metal (M) and produces a compound, MXn.
2 M + n X2 → 2 MXn
What is this element?
Halogen
A laboratory preparation for small quantities of O2 is to decompose KClO3 by heating, according to the balanced reaction below.
2 KClO3(s) → 2 KCl(s) + 3 O2(g)
If the decomposition of 2.00 g of KClO3 gives 0.720 g of O2, what is the percent yield of the reaction?
(Molar masses of K, Cl, and O are 39.10, 35.45, and 16.00 g/mol, respectively.)
92.0 %
Oxidation is the ____________ and reduction is the __________.
loss of electrons, gain of electrons
What are the spectator ions in the reaction between KOH(aq) and HNO3(aq)
K+ and NO3-
A weak electrolyte exists predominantly as _________ in solution
molecules
What is the oxidation number of N in each of the following:
NH4+, HNO3, N2, NH3, NO2
-3, +5, 0, -3, +4
Which of the following is NOT a red-ox reaction?
AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)
Which solution has the same number of moles of solute A as 50.00 mL of 0.100 M solution of NaOH?
100.00 mL of 0.0500 M solution of A
Which of the following are strong electrolytes?
HCl, HC2H3O2, NH3, KCl
HCl, KCl
What is the molarity of a solution that is made by dissolving 5.00 g of glucose (C6H12O6) (Molar mass: 180 g/mol) in enough water to form 100.0 mL of solution.
0.278 M
Aqueous solutions of sodium sulfide and copper(II) chloride are mixed together. Which statement is CORRECT?

Na2S(aq) + CuCl2 (aq)→ ?
CuS will precipitate from solution.
What volume (mL) of 0.135 M NaOH is required to neutralize 13.7 mL of 0.129 M HCl?
13.1
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