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US History Chapter 21 Study Guide

Terms in this set (45)

What two federal actions did Hoover quickly take to combat the Depression?
He cut taxes and increased what the Government spent on public problems
What kind of government assistance for the poor did President Hoover favor?
work relief
What were the first two actions that Roosevelt took to deal with the Depression?
Called Congress into a special session and declare a bank holiday
What name refers to government-financed construction of public facilities?
public works
What federal agency was created in the 1920's to track down criminals?
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
What zeppelin exploded and crashed over New Jersey?
Hindenburg
What tactic did the CIO introduce to gain concessions for industrial workers?
sit down strikes
What agency focused on relief for the jobless?
Public Works Adminstration (PWA)
Who promised a "chicken in every pot and a car in every garage"?
Hoover
Why did the political right oppose FDR and the New Deal?
1. Expense- gov was spending billions of $'s to support various programs sending the nation heavily into debt
2. Many of the programs were bringing increased gov regulation of American businesses and a corresponding loss of freedom
3. ND was not bringing recovery- businesses were still in a state of depression and millions of people were unemployed
What was Hoover's position on federal relief?
He was for it and believed that it would create a hasty recovery. He believed work relief was acceptable, but had to make sure to regulate everything so nothing went south.
RFC
Hoover's program to loan money to struggling banks, railroads, and other large businesses
CCC
put men to work planting trees and working on soil-conservation projects
AAA
subsidized farm products and aided debt-ridden farmers in danger of foreclosure
NRA
agency that established hundreds of codes for industries
TVA
built dams for navigation, flood control, and electricity production
PWA
provided work relief to build schools, courthouses, bridges, and other public structures
WPA
provided work relief of various sorts, including jobs for writers and artists
FDIC
insured bank deposits
FBI
law enforcement agency
Amelia Earhart
disappeared during an attempted flight across the Pacific Ocean
Herbert Hoover
Republican candidate in the 1932 election
Jesse Owens
won 4 gold medals in the 1936 Olympics
Douglas MacArthur
led US troops in clearing the Bonus Army from Washington DC
the Louisiana "Kingfish" who opposed FDR
Huey Long
Alfred Langdon
Repub. opponent of FDR in the 1936 election
Charles Lindbergh Jr.
kidnapped in 1932
Charles Coughlin
Catholic priest who opposed FDR and proposed
"social justice"
Social Security Act
instituted old-age pensions for Americans
Fireside Chats
name for FDR's radio speeches
deficit spending
spending more money than you receive
New Deal
FDR's efforts to conquer the Depression
Court Packing Plan
FDR's proposal to add members to the Supreme Court
Prior to the Great Depression, what were 2 historical terms used to describe an economic decline?
panic and crisis
Dust Bowl
term coined by a reported to describe the results of a devastating drought in the Great Plains
Brain Trust
FDR's group of advisors
Banking Crisis
withdrawing money in panic only made this situation worse
public works
Gov financed construction of public facilities in order to create jobs
Francis Townsend
proposed a plan for a $200 gov pension for each citizen over 60
bread lines
Formed along city streets as desperate people sought food in the soup kitchen
Smoot-Hawley Tariff
legislation signed by Hoover that pushed tariffs on foreign industrial and agricultural products to their highest level in nation's history
NIRA
legislation that attempted to organize guidelines for industries to increase employment, maintain wages, and reduce unwanted competition
Bank Holiday
declared by FDR at a special session of Congress 2 days after his inauguration
Hoovervilles
mocking name given to shacks sheltering homeless people
Franklin D. Roosevelt
person elected president in 1932
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