Biology 8.1 Review Energy and Life

Terms in this set (11)

The energy of food originally comes from the sun
What does the energy of food originally come from?
autotroph; plants, algae, some bacteria
organisms that make their own food; type and examples
heterotroph; animals, fungi, humans
organisms that obtain energy from the food they eat; type and examples
ATP adenosine triphosphate
What is one of the principal chemical compounds that cells use to store energy?
ATP has three phosphate groups and ADP has two phosphate groups
How is ATP different from ADP?
A cell can store small amounts of energy by adding a phosphate group to ADP molecules producing ATP.
When a cell has energy available, how can it store small amounts of that energy?
Energy stored in ATP is released when chemical bonds between the second and third phosphate is broken
When is the energy stored in ATP released?
ATP stores energy that can be quickly released by the breaking of the bond
For what purpose do the characteristics of ATP make it exceptionally useful to all types of cells?
active transport, synthesis of nucleic acid, protein synthesis, muscle contractions
What are two ways in which cells use the energy provided by ATP?
A single molecule of the sugar glucose stores more than 90 times the chemical energy of ATP and cells can generate ATP from ADP as needed from glucose
Why is it efficient for cells to keep only a small supply of ATP on hand?
foods like glucose
cells get the energy to regenerate ATP from ________.
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