fair dealDomestic reform proposals of the second Truman administration (1949-53); included civil rights legislation and repeal of the Taft-Hartley Act, but only extensions of some New Deal programs were enactedcold warBegun by an intense rivalry between two superpowers, the Communist empire of the Soviet Union and the United States. Competition between the powers was generally controlled by short armed conflict, but the Cold War took the war dangerously close to entering a full on nuclear war.containmentA foreign policy developed by diplomat George Kennan that claimed that the only way to stop Russia's expansionist ways was to contain it. It was the basis of US foreign policy after WWII designed to stop the spread of communism.domino theoryeisenhower; Russian satellite sent up to space in 1957. The breakthrough of the Soviets destroyed the self-confidence of Americans and initiated the Space Race.iron curtain- Winston Churchill
- term coined by Winston Churchill to describe an imaginary line dividing Communist countries in the Soviet block from countries in Western Europe during the Cold War
- 1946
- This showed his opposition towards the Communists and pushed us toward democratic ideals of free speechmarshall plan- Introduced by Secretary of State George G. Marshall in 1947, he proposed massive and systematic American economic aid to Europe to revitalize the European economies after WWII and help prevent the spread of Communism.
- Europe
- 1947-8
- Showed that the US would restore governments and countries harmed by WWII increasing out look globally but also making the soviets do the sameblacklistA list of names specifically in Hollywood, of people who should not be hired because of their reputations politically. (suspected communists)military-industrial complexIn Dwight D. Eisenhower's farewell speech to the nation the retiring president warned of the dangers of allowing a Military-Industrial Complex to take control of the United States. The Military-Industrial Complex is a term that denotes a symbiotic relationship between a nation's military, economy, and politics. The idea being that if the military becomes the biggest client for manufacturers then the nation will begin to invest more of its economy into military contracts. Politically, this leads to national budgets being heavily weighed in the military's favor in order to support the economic stability that this relationship seems to create.massive retaliation- Eisenhower and dulles
- idea that United States should depend on nuclear weapons to stop Communist aggression; prompted by the frustration of the Korean War stalemate and the desire to save money on military budgets, the concept reduced reliance on conventional forces.
- United States
- 1952-1960
- Showed that the us wasn't afraid to use nuclear weapons to retaliate against communist aggressionsputnikRussian satellite sent up to space in 1957. The breakthrough of the Soviets destroyed the self-confidence of Americans and initiated the Space Race.levittownutilized mass production techniques to build inexpensive homes in suburban NY to relieve postwar housing shortage; became symbol of movement to suburbs; conformity of houses; diverse communities; home for lower-middle class familiesbaby boomThe explosion of marriages and births following the war...younger marriages and larger families resulted in 50 million babies entering the US pop between 1945 and 1960.rock and roll"crossover" musical style that rose to dominance in the 1950s, merging rhythm and blues with white bluegrass and coutry; featuring a heavy beat and driving rhythm, rock 'n' roll music became a defining feature of 1950s youth culturedesegregationin schools and armed forces; The act of freeing of any law, provision, or practice requiring isolation of the members of a particular race in separate unitslittle rock nineU.S. Supreme Court ruled in Brown vs. Topeka Board of Education that segregated schools are "inherently unequal." In September 1957, as a result of that ruling, nine African-American students enrolled at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. The conflicts this event caused earned it the "crisis" labelstates' rightsaka dixiecrats; Formed by Southern Democrats in reaction to Truman's support for civil rights.berlin resupply (airlift)Truman's move to prevent the removal of US troops from Berlin, while also helping the troops to survive. He ordered US planes to fly in supplies to the people of West Berlin, and also sent 60 bombers capable of carrying atomic bombs to bases in England.mccarthyism-Wisconsin senator claimed to have list of communists in American gov't, but no credible evidence; took advantage of fears of communism post WWII to become incredibly influential. Was stopped when he accused Truman of being a communist and it was clear he was being crazy
-1950s
-United States
-Started McCarthyism as the fearful accusation of any dissenters of being communistsnato- Allied Nations
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization; an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries
- 1949
- Was the first permanent alliance ever made in peacetime by the US going against Washington but this remains strong to this dayrosenbergs-Husband and wife tried/excuted for treason under suspecision of communist influence and trading atomic bomb secrets with the Soviet Union
-1953
-United States
-Severe examples of people being executed for connection to the Soviet Uniontaft-hartley act-A 1947 law giving the president power to halt major strikes by seeking a court injunction and permitting states to forbid requirements in labor contracts that force workers to join a union. Used under Reagan's presidency; air traffic controllers fired because of this.Specifically permitted state rights-to-work laws.
-1947
-United States
-Provides balance of power between union and management by designating certain union activities as unfair labor practicestruman doctrine- First established in 1947 after Britain no longer could afford to provide anti-communist aid to Greece and Turkey, it pledged to provide U.S. military and economic aid to any nation threatened by communism.
- US
- 1947
- Showed that the president would take steps to follow kennan and protect democracy globallyu-2 incidentIn U.S. and Soviet history, the events following the Soviet downing of an American U-2 high altitude reconnaissance aircraft over Soviet territory on May 1, 1960. The incident led to the collapse of a proposed summit conference between the United States, the Soviet Union, Great Britain, and France in Paris. President Eisenhower's initial claim that he had no knowledge of such flights was difficult to maintain when the Soviets produced the pilot, Francis Gary Powers, who had survived the crash. Eisenhower met Khrushchev's demand for an apology by suspending U-2 flights, but the Soviet Premier was not satisfied and the summit was canceled. Powers was sentenced to ten years in prison, but was released in 1962 in exchange for convicted Soviet spy Rudolph Abel.
