World History Unit 8: World War II

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Roaring 20's
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Terms in this set (32)
Roaring 20's
A time of booming business, lots of new entertainment like Jazz Age music, and new technologies.
Great Depression
the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s
New Deal
A series of reforms enacted by the Franklin Roosevelt administration between 1933 and 1942 with the goal of ending the Great Depression.
Franklin D. Roosevelt
32nd US President - He began New Deal programs to help the nation out of the Great Depression, and he was the nation's leader during most of WWII
Benito Mussolini
Fascist dictator of Italy (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia (1935), joined Germany in the Axis pact (1936), and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy.
Totalitarianism
A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)
Fascism
A political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and no tolerance of opposition
Joseph Stalin
Bolshevik revolutionary, head of the Soviet Communists after 1924, and dictator of the Soviet Union from 1928 to 1953. He led the Soviet Union with an iron fist, using Five-Year Plans to increase industrial production and terror to crush opposition
command economy
An economic system in which the government controls a country's economy.
Gulag
Russian prison camp for political prisoners, located in Siberia
Adolf HitlerAustrian born Dictator of Germany, implement Fascism and caused WWII and Holocaust.GestapoNazi secret policeNuremberg LawsAnti-Jewish laws enacted in 1935; included denial of German citizenship to those of Jewish heritage and segregation of them from German societyThird ReichThe Third German Empire, established by Adolf Hitler in the 1930s.AppeasementA policy of making concessions to an aggressor in the hopes of avoiding war. Associated with Neville Chamberlain's policy of making concessions to Adolf Hitler.Axis PowersAlliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II.Nazi-Soviet Pactagreement between Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939 in which the two nations promised not to fight each other and to divide up land in Eastern EuropeBlitzkrieg"Lighting war", typed of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939Holocaustthe Nazi program of exterminating Jews under HitlerLend-Lease Actallowed sales or loans of war materials to any country whose defense the president deems vital to the defense of the U.SWinston ChurchillPrime Minister of Great Britain during WWIIBattle for BritainHitler continually bombs London killing and wounding many but Britain never lets up or gives up.Pearl HarborUnited States military base on Hawaii that was bombed by Japan, bringing the United States into World War II. Pearl Harbor was attacked on December 7, 1941.StalingradDecisive battle in German invasion of Russia, the Germans were surrounded and systemically destroyedYalta Conference1945 Meeting with US president FDR, British Prime Minister(PM) Winston Churchill, and and Soviet Leader Stalin during WWII to plan for post-warD-DayAllied invasion of France on June 6, 1944V-E DayVictory in Europe DayV-J Day"Victory over Japan day" is the celebration of the Surrender of Japan, which was initially announced on August 15, 1945Island HoppingA military strategy used during World War II that involved selectively attacking specific enemy-held islands and bypassing othersManhattan ProjectA secret U.S. project for the construction of the atomic bomb.Nuremberg TrialsA series of court proceedings held in Nuremberg, Germany, after World War II, in which Nazi leaders were tried for aggression, violations of the rules of war, and crimes against humanity.KamikazeJapanese suicide pilots who loaded their planes with explosives and crashed them into American ships.