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GI Test 3 SAQ

Terms in this set (10)

Migration is generally considered to refer to moves that are permanent or longer-term, asylum protection occurs when someone flees their home country out of fear for their safety, and sovereignty is the idea of self-governing. These all relate to each other because a person migrating to a different country may face different rules for asylum in different countries because of sovereignty.
What is the relationship between migration, refugee/asylum protections and sovereignty?
The first generation is civil/political (negative) rights. They focus on the rights of individuals and prevent governments from unjustly interfering in the lives of their citizens. Second generation, or social and economic (positive) rights, focus on social equality and a government's responsibility to provide for its citizens. Third generation rights are solidarity rights which focus on the global redistribution of opportunity and well-being.
What is the difference between the three generations of rights?
Positive obligations are meant to get a state to act/do something to protect human rights while negative obligations tell states to refrain from certain actions/policies that put human rights at risk.
What is the difference between positive and negative obligations that human rights impose on states?
Individuals can promote human rights through donating, spreading awareness, and contributing to organizations that are committed to promoting human rights. NGOs can promote human rights by working with governments to tackle problems that put human rights at risk.
How can individuals and NGOs promote human rights?
The greenhouse effect happens when some solar radiation is absorbed into the Earth's atmosphere. It is caused by the burning of fossil fuels. Some contributing gases include methane and carbon dioxide. Using/developing renewable energy is a major step in reducing the effects of greenhouse gases.
What is the greenhouse effect? What are its causes? What are some contributing gases? And what are some possible solutions?
The green revolution was a time where global agricultural production increased dramatically due to technological advancements. This resulted in the ability to produce large amounts of food, but also resulted in soil pollution from the pesticides and fertilizer used to grow the food. It also resulted in higher levels of food waste.
What was the green revolution, what are positive and negative consequences and how could they be overcome?
The global south insists that the global north is responsible for most environmental problems we face and that they should find solutions. The south believes that the north should start to implement sustainable measures and reduce their use of fossil fuels and natural resources before the south does. The north argues that development in the south needs to be environmentally sound in order for them to implement changes.
What are differences and debate points in how countries from the Global North (MDCs) and the Global South (LDCs) see sustainable development?
The Kyoto protocol contains legally binding emission targets for key greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. The protocol aimed to reduce each committed country's greenhouse gas emissions by 5.2 percent. The Montreal protocol was created specifically to protect the ozone layer by filtering out CFLOs. Both protocols were meant to protect the environment, but the Kyoto protocol was designed to reduce greenhouse gases while the Montreal protocol was designed to protect the ozone layer.
What are differences between the Montreal and the Kyoto protocols?
Individuals can contribute to environmental protections by changing their daily habits to be more eco friendly, such as reducing their consumption of single use plastics. States can regulate corporations and make sure that their manufacturing processes are eco friendly. IGOs can help bring organizations together and encourage cooperation, NGOs can raise awareness and work with governments, and MNCs can promote products and services that are eco friendly and push consumers to make the switch.
How can individuals contribute to environmental protections? What is the role of states? of IGOs? of NGOs, of MNCs?
A green economy displays growth in income and employment and shows a better overall quality of life while reducing environmental risk. A circular economy has a goal to create the least amount of waste possible in order to protect the environment. A green economy is usually driven by public and private investments that help to preserve the environment, while a circular economy aims to get the most out of the limited resources they have.
What is a green economy (see courseware unit on sustainable development) and what is a circular economy (see attendance video) and what differences, if any, exist between these terms?
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