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Chapter 27- Infection Control Skills & Concepts

Terms in this set (11)

Describe the five conditions needed for microorganisms to grow.
A. Nutrients: pathogens thrive on contaminated surfaces & equipment

B. Moisture: microbes require moisture for cellular activities

C. Temperature: most pathogenic microbes fluorish at body temperature

D. Oxygen: some microbes, called aerobes require oxygen to grow

E. Neutral pH: most pathogens prefer a neutral pH for optimum growth
List five groups of infectious organisms.
A. Viruses

B. Bacteria

C. Protozoa

D. Fungi

E. Rickettsiae
Label the chain of infection diagram with the following terms. Place the correct number in the chain of infection next to the corresponding letters that follow.
A. Reservoir host (2)

B. Entry (5)

C. Transmission mode (4)

D. Exit mode (3)

E. Susceptible host (6)
The human body has several natural protective mechanisms to defend itself from infections. Summarize them here.
Intact skin serves as a natural barrier. Mucous membranes help protect underlying tissue & trap foreign substances. Cilia move in a coordinated upward motion to expel trapped foreign substances. Sneezing & coughing help get rid of trapped substances. Tears help destroy invading pathogens. The ptt of urine, vaginal mucosa, and the stomach help prevent pathogenic invasion.
Describe the impact of the response on the body's ability to defend itself against infection.
Inflammation mediators are released to increase WBC's at the injury site. WBC's help destroy pathogens and they form pus.
Explain the difference between cell-mediated immunity and humoral immunity.
Cell-mediated immunity causes destruction of pathogenic cells at the site of invasion, and humoral immunity is when antibodies are produced and combat the foreign substance.
List six common errors of disinfection.
A. Instruments are not thoroughly sanitized

B. Sanitized instruments are not dried

C. Disinfectant solution is left in an open container

D. Solutions are not changed after the recommended period for use

E. Solutions are not prepared properly

F. Manufacturer's recommended temperature for use and storage is not maintained
Explain the five major areas included in the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA ) Compliance Guidelines.
A. How an employer will use a combination of controls

B. Training

C. Medical Surveillance

D. Hepatitis B immunizations

E. Postexposure follow-up
List five bodily fluids that have been identified as potentially infectious by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC )
A. Cerebrospinal fluid

B. Vaginal and seminal secretions

C. Wound drainage

D. Liquid or semiliquid blood

E. Saliva in dental procedures
Identify four safety rules that should be followed in the ambulatory care setting to comply with OSHA's environmental protection guidelines.
A. Read warning labels on biohazard containers and equipment

B. Minimize splashing or spraying of potential infectious material

C. Bandage any breaks or lesions on your hands before gloving

D. If your eyes come in contact with body fluids, continuously flush them with water as soon as possible for 15 minutes
Place a check mark beside the procedures that require the use of disposable gloves.
_x_ Assisting with a vaginal examination

_x_ Performing a routine urinalysis

___ Measuring a patient's temperature, pulse, and respirations

___ Performing a patient interview

_x_ Drawing blood from a 6-year-old child
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...