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Chapter 13 Test A: States Of Matter

Terms in this set (32)

amorphous
describes a solid that lacks an ordered internal structure
unit cell
the smallest group of particles within a crystal that retains the shape of the crystal
crystal
a solid in which the particles are arranged in an orderly, repeating, three dimensional pattern
normal boiling point
the temperature at which a liquid boils at a pressure of 101.3 kPa
vacuum
an empty space with no particles of matter
melting point
the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid
barometer
a device used to measure atmospheric pressure
atmospheric pressure
the pressure resulting from the collision of particles in air with objects
boiling point
the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure
vapor pressure
a measure of the force exerted by a gas above a liquid
allotrope
one of two or more different molecular forms of the same element in the same physical state
evaporation
the conversion of a liquid to a gas or vapor at a temperature below the boiling point
Kinetic Theory
states that the tiny particles in all forms of matter are in constant motion
sublimation
the change of a solid to a vapor without passing through the liquid state
The average kinetic energy of water molecules is greatest in
a. steam at 200 degrees Celsius
According to the kinetic theory of gases
d. all the above are true
The temperature at which the motion of particles theoretically ceases is
d. 0 degrees Kelvin
The average kinetic energy of particles of a substance
c. is directly proportional to the temperature of a substance
Which of these statements is not true, according to the kinetic theory
b. only particles of matter in the gaseous state are in constant motion
standard conditions when working with gases are defined as
c. 0 degrees Celsius and 101.3 kilo pascals
The pressure of a gas in a container is 76 mm Hg. This is equivalent to
a. 0.1 atm
A phase diagram gives information on
b. conditions at which a substance exists as a solid, liquid, and gas
An increase in the temperature of a contained liquid
a. causes the vapor pressure above the liquid to increase
Water could be made to boil at 105 degrees Celsius by
b. increasing the air pressure above the water
The direct change of a substance from a solid to a vapor is called
b. sublimation
Most solids
c. are dense and not easily compressed
The escape of molecules from the surface of an uncontained liquid is
c. evaporation
The rates of evaporation and condensation are equal at equilibrium.
Always True
The Kinetic energy of all the particles in a given sample of matter is the same.
Never True
The average kinetic energy of all the molecules in liquid water at 80 degrees Celsius is the same as the average kinetic energy of the molecules in oxygen gas at 80 degrees Celsius.
Always True
Heating a liquid will increase the temperature of the liquid.
Sometimes True
The melting point and freezing point of a substance are the same.
Always True
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