APUSH Unit 3 Review

Terms in this set (53)

What was one of the actions the first congressional government undertook in 1789?
The first congressional government passed the judiciary act of 1789 which established a Supreme Court with a Chief Justice and 5 associate justices
Approval by congress and ratification by the states of the bill of rights had which of the following outcomes on the morale of the american public?
Approval by congress and ratification by the states of the bill of rights created a negative morale of the American public because both were so hard to do and took a long time
What were the characteristics of Alexander Hamiltons 1789 financial plan?
Public credit (Hamilton asked congress to redeem at face value the 55 million in confederation securities), create a national bank, and raise revenue through tariffs. Create bank of US and assumption of state debt.
Why was Hamiltons financial plan so controversial?
Because it was pro British and many didn't agree with paying bak their debt to British merchants. Also favored rich over poor
To win southern votes for his financial plan, what did Hamilton propose to appease them?
Hamilton proposed that the permanent national capital would be built along the Potomac river, where suspicious southerners could easily watch its operations
What was the critical disagreement that led to the emergence of political parties in the mid- 1790's?
The critical disagreement was over Hamilton's financial plan. This split up the federalists and anti federalists which eventually led to political parties
What were the characteristics of Thomas Jeffersons vision of the future United States?
Rule by the people, strong state governments, emphasis on agriculture, strict interpretation of the constitution, French alliance, state banks, and free trade
What happened to US earnings through shipping with the passage of the Neutrality Acts of 1793?
US earnings rose spectacularly (20 million annually) because american firms had taken over the lucrative sugar trade between France and its West Indian Islands
What was the overall American reaction to the French Revolution?
Americans welcomed The French Revolution because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy
What was the main reason for the start of the Whiskey Rebellion?
Alexander Hamilton 5% excise tax on spirits (whiskey) because it cut demand for the corn whiskey the farmers distilled and bartered for eastern manufacturers
What was the main significance of the Whiskey Rebellion?
First use of the federal military to end a domestic situation; strengthened the federal government
List the components of the Jay's Treaty in 1795?
Britain promises to leave forts in the Us frontier, Britain pays for damages for seized ships, US agrees to pay debts still owed to British Merchants from pre revolutionary accounts, and Britain still allowed to control fur trade in northern us states
What specific type of individuals would have been likely and unlikely to gravitate toward the Republicans in the late 1790's?
Likely:People that were once Anti-Federalists or believe in limited national government and power with the states. Also people who wanted an agricultural based govt. Unlikely: Federalists who wanted a strong central govt and wanted industrial based.
What was Toussaint L'Overture a significant figure in the 1790's?
Led black Haitians to seize control of their land
What was the result of the election of 1796 and why was that important for Britain?
John Adams won over Thomas Jefferson, Adams was pro British, so his policies surrounded British
What was passed by the federalists in response to the republicans criticism of their policies in the 1790's?
The Naturalization Act (lengthened residency requirements for american citizenship from 5-14 years), Alien Act (authorized deportation of foreigners), and Sedition Act (prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of congress)
What was one of the major aspects of the Kentucky and Virginia resolutions set forth in 1798?
Set forth a states rights interpretation of the constitution, asserting that the states had a "right to judge" the legitimacy of National laws
What actions best explain U.S relations with France during the late 1790's?
France and US were on bad terms because we cut off all trade with France and seized French ships (1790's)
Why did Thomas Jefferson call his election to the presidency the "Revolution of 1800"
The bloodless transfer of power showed that popularly elected governments could be changed in an orderly way, even in times of bitter partisan conflict.
How did the treaty of Paris address native Americans living in the old northwest?
They weren't involved in the treaty and were left in the "Care" of the Americans
What was Washington's secretary of war, Henry Knox, position when it came to native Americans?
Henry Knox wanted Indians to become immersed in american ways. Wanted to involve them and have a good relationship
Americans ceded much of Ohio and acknowledged american political sovereignty in which treaty?
Treaty of Greenville
The southern migrants who moved along the coastal plain toward the Gulf of Mexico between 1790 and 1820 originated in which area?
North and South Carolina
How would you describe migrants who left New England during the 1790's?
Small rural families who were mostly farmers. They traveled in large groups so they could start new farms on new land
How did, in 1801, Jefferson respond to the Barbary states and threats against american shipping?
He went agains his principles and sent a navy to the "shores of tripoli"
How would you describe the federal judiciary at the time Thomas Jefferson became president in 1801?
The federal judiciary was filled with federalists who didn't like Jefferson and were put there to maintain federalist power
Why was the decision in the case Marbury VS Madison (1803) of great importance in american history?
First time Supreme Court declared it had the power to rule national law unconstitutional
What did Jefferson end, as president that showed disagreement in Hamilton's policies?
Jefferson ended Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey (5%)
Why was pinckneys treaty of 1795 significant?
It was significant because they had access to the Mississippi River and all lands east except Florida. Trade with Spain was key to New Orleans
What did Jefferson do to federal land price policies in the northwest territory during 1790-1820?
Passed laws that made land affordable for the average family
Why did Thomas Jefferson decide to attempt to purchase New Orleans in 1801?
Because there was a massive port city
What was Jeffersons approach to the opportunity to purchase Louisiana in 1802?
Jefferson realized that he needed to reconsider his interpretation of the constitution. He took an approach that involved a loose interpretation so that he could add new territory, a provision not expressed in the constitution. He used treaty making powers and questioned his pro-French foreign policy to purchase Louisiana in 1802
What was the immediate cause of the illegal duel in which Vice President Aaron Burr killed Alexander Hamilton in 1804?
Hamilton accused Burr of wanting New England to cede from the union. Hated each other. (burr actually did want NE to cede)
Why did Thomas Jefferson dispatch the Lewis and Clark expedition in 1804?
Jefferson dispatched them to get information on the land out west. He wanted to know about the plants and animals there
What impact did the embargo of 1807 have on the American economy?
It weakened the economy because america could not trade with Britain or France
The prophet Tenskwatawa was historically significant for urging Indians to do what?
Shun Americans, renounce alcohol, and return to traditional Indian ways
Which region of the Union was known for its support of the declaration of war on England in 1812?
The southern and western states were known for their support in war against Britain (Warhawks)
What was the federalists response to the war of 1812?
Federalists opposed war and prohibited militias. Merchants and bankers refused to lend money. Daniel Webster led federalists to oppose higher tariffs
What was significant of the postwar election of 1818?
The Federalist Party wiped out. They had no say at policies.
What did president James Madison support that contradicted the traditional philosophy of Republicans?
He was highly against the bank of the United States, but supported the creation of the second bank of US.
Fletcher V Peck
Ruled that legislature grant could not be revoked. Limited state power, protected property rights, and promised the development of a national capitalist economy (1810)
Gibbons V Ogden
No monopoly within states and said constitution gave federal government authority over interstate commerce
McCullogh V Maryland
Maryland couldn't tax national bank
Dartmouth College V Woodward
Agreed with Daniel Webster and upheld Dartmouth's belief that the royal charter was an unalterable contract. Led to rise of american business and a free enterprise system
What were the stipulations included in the Adam-Onis treaty?
Spain gives Florida to US and america accept Spain's claim Texas. They compromise on Louisiana territory boundaries
What was significant about the "Era of Good Feelings"
There was only one political party. Federalists were gone and there were only democratic republicans
What were the causes of the war of 1812? Where did republicans and federalists stand on declaring and then fighting the war?
The napoleon wars and British involvement with American Indians were the causes of the war. Federalists did not want to fight British and prohibited their state militia from fighting. Democratic republicans urged Madison to declare war
Why did New England federalists organize the Hartford convention in 1814? What was the conventions impact on american politics?
The federalists called the Hartford convention to oppose war with Britain and wanted the act of declaring war to be harder. This convention didn't effect american policies because nobody went or cared about the federalists views
Did the Americans achieve their goals in the war of 1812? Positives? Negatives? Neutral?
The positives of the war of 1812 were that the tie between Britain and the Indians had been cut. Also the British finally recognized america as a country. The War also benefited America because it secured nationalism. The negatives were that the British were beating us and burned the White House and other important buildings. Some neutral outcomes were they didn't receive land from Britain. Another negative was that they didn't get Florida or Canada so in the end they didn't get what they wanted.
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What were the differences between the Federalists and the Democratic Republicans?
Federalists: strong central government, wealthy, focused on industry/manufacturing, loose interpretation of constitution, pro British
Democratic Republicans: strong state governments with limited central government, common man, focused on agriculture, strict interpretation of constitution, pro France, small govt
Who were some Federalists?
John Adams
Alexander Hamilton
John Jay
John Marshall
Who were some Democratic Republicans?
Thomas Jefferson
James Madison
James Monroe
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