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Social Studies: Chapter 21 THE PROGRESSIVE ERA

Terms in this set (31)

Square Deal
Economic policy by Roosevelt that favored fair relationships between companies and workers
Trustbuster
a person working to destroy monopolies and trusts
Oligopolies
few large companies that controlled prices for an entire industry
Arbitration
settling a dispute by agreeing to accept the decision of an impartial outsider
Recall
A measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier
Referendum
a legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate
Muckraking
reporters who "raked" or exposed the dirt and corruption of the underlying society
18th Amendment
Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages
Plessy v. Ferguson
a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal
16th Amendment
income tax
Federal Reserve Act
a 1913 law that set up a system of federal banks and gave government the power to control the money supply
Sherman Antitrust Act
First federal action against monopolies, it was signed into law by Harrison and was extensively used by Theodore Roosevelt for trust-busting. However, it was initially misused against labor unions
Gentlemen's Agreement
Agreement when Japan agreed to curb the number of workers coming to the US and in exchange Roosevelt agreed to allow the wives of the Japanese men already living in the US to join them
National Association of Colored Women
An organization created in 1896 by African American women to provide community support. Through its local clubs, the NACW arranged for the care of orphans, founded homes for the elderly, advocated temperance, and undertook public health campaigns.
1912 Election
Election between Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson (Wilson elected because Roosevelt and Taft split the Republican voters)
19th Amendment
(1920) gave women the right to vote
US Forest Service
Roosevelt proposed it in 1905 and set aside millions of acres of national forests and created the nation's first wildlife sanctuaries
Pure Food and Drug Act
1906 - Forbade the manufacture or sale of mislabeled or adulterated food or drugs, it gave the government broad powers to ensure the safety and efficacy of drugs in order to abolish the "patent" drug trade. Still in existence as the FDA.
biased
favoring one side unduly; prejudiced
Interstate Commerce Act
Established the ICC (Interstate Commerce Commission) - monitors the business operation of carriers transporting goods and people between states - created to regulate railroad prices
Carry Nation
A prohibitionist. She believed that bars and other liquor-related businesses should be destroyed, and was known for attacking saloons herself with a hatchet.
Mother Cabrini
an Italian nun who came to the United States to work with the poor.
Mary Church Terrell
founded the National Association of Colored Women and also the first president of it
Jane Addams
1860-1935. Founder of Settlement House Movement. First American Woman to earn Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 as president of Women's Intentional League for Peace and Freedom.
Lincoln Steffens
United States journalist who exposes in 1906 started an era of muckraking journalism (1866-1936), Writing for McClure's Magazine, he criticized the trend of urbanization with a series of articles under the title Shame of the Cities.
W. E. B. Du Bois
fought for African American rights. Helped to found Niagara Movement in 1905 to fight for and establish equal rights. This movement later led to the establishment of the NAACP
Upton Sinclair
muckraker who shocked the nation when he published The Jungle, a novel that revealed gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago. The book was fiction but based on the things Sinclair had seen.
Ku Klux Klan
A secret society created by white southerners in 1866 that used terror and violence to keep African Americans from obtaining their civil rights.
How did the Progressive Era affect the lives of women? How were these changes affecting women's roles in society?
The progressive era made women want to get educated and be in the workforce. Theses women made clubs to support each other like the National Association of Colored women and also became reformers by fighting for the right to vote. These changes affected women's roles in society because now they were working for causes that could help other people's lives. Also there were now more women educated, working, and pursuing their own interests outside of their homes.
Theodore Roosevelt's face is forever on display on the Mt. Rushmore Monument. Why does Teddy Roosevelt have such a celebrated legacy worthy of being considered one of the top four presidents in our nation's history?
Teddy Roosevelt is a celebrates legacy and considered one of the top four presidents because he did so much to help our nation grow. He was a trust buster who thought trusts should be regulated, not destroyed. He grouped them into good and bad. The good trusts were concerned with the public welfare the bad weren't. He also came up with the square deal which was fair and equal treatment for all. When he became president he supported the Meat Inspection act and the Pure Food and Drug Act. Roosevelt also believed in the need for conservation. He made the U.S. Forest service and had millions of acres of national forests to create the nation's first wildlife sanctuaries.
The goals of the Progressive Movement were to protect social welfare (the rights of the people), promote moral improvement, and create economic reform. Explain 2 reasons progressive leaders were successful at achieving these goals and one way in which they failed
INTRO: The progressive leaders were successful in many ways like when congress passed the Sherman Antitrust which was the first federal law to control trust and monopolies. Muckrakers exposed the corruption in society. Like Sinclair in his book "The Jungle" which described the horrors of the meatpacking industry. Which Congress passed the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act in 1906. Then in 1912 Congress passed the 17th amendment to give the people a voice in choosing their representatives.
BODY: Starting in the early 1900s women began to fight for the right to vote leading to the 19th amendment in 1920. Mary Church Terrell established the National Association of Colored women. Then President Roosevelt took out the "bad" trusts that didn't have the public welfare in mind. He also made the square deal and helped establish wildlife sanctuaries and made conservation a big deal.
CONCLUSION: Although the progressive movement had a ton of success a lot of people were excluded. The APA was formed which was an anti-catholic group which vowed to not hire or vote for Catholics. Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion in 1882 which banned any Chinese people from coming to the U.S.A. Similarly Theodore Roosevelt made the Gentlemen's Agreement in 1907 which restricted Japanese immigration. The KKK terrorized African Americans and wanted to restore america to white protestant males.
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