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Unit 5, Topic 3: Industrial Revolution Begins

Terms in this set (27)

Define Industrialization
The increased mechanization of production
List the 4 roots of industrialization
Columbian Exchange, Rise of maritime empires, Increase of agricultural productivity, Greater individual accumulation of capital
List how the industrial revolution impacted society (4)
Increased population all over the world, People moved from farm to city, Changed society, Wider variety of and consumption of goods
Define Agricultural Revolution
The increased productivity of agriculture caused by the new technologies that aided farming.
What was the impact of crop rotation and the seed drill?
They increased food production and population because they produced food faster
Why were populations growing with industrialization? What did a bigger population mean?
Populations grew with industrialization because there was more food available. A larger population meant that there were more people to work in factories and provide a market for manufactured goods.
What was life like for most British families at this time (preindustrial)?
Most British families lived in rural areas where they grew their own food and made their own clothes.
Describe the impact of Indian Cotton on Great Britain
Great Britain thrived off of Indian Cotton because they created their own cotton cloth industry in which they took the cotton from India and made it into clothes to sell.
Define Cottage Industry
The "putting-out" system in which industries gave women cotton to spin at home which they would sell.
What was the impact of this industry on women?
Women gained some independence from the cottage industry because they were able to work and stay at home with children at the same time.
What was the major drawback to cottage industries?
The cottage industry was slow because the cloth was being hand spun rather than using machines to spin it.
Spinning Jenny: Who invented it? What was it? What was its impact?
James Hargreaves. It was a device that allowed a weaver to spin more than one thread at a time. Decreased the time needed to spin yarn and weave cloth. Allowed for a faster production of cloth and created sale of clothing in which manufacturers could profit greatly.
Water Frame: Who invented it? What was it? What was its impact?
Richard Arkwright. Used water to spin the wheel in order to spin yarn and weave cloth. Decreased the amount of time it took to produce cloth. Threatened the cottage industry because it produced cloth faster than at home weavers.
Interchangeable parts: Who invented it? What was it? What was its impact?
Eli Whitney. A system in which parts of something, specifically a firearm, could be replaced with a single part rather than rebuilding the entire firearm or object. Contributed to industrial technology by being more useful with the materials used.
Assembly Line: Who invented it? What was it? What was its impact?
Henry Ford. The system in which a worker would work on their specialized task making production faster. Increased the production of goods by utilizing people's skills in a productive way.
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