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Lesson 2: The Nature of Matter (Matter & Its Interactions)

Terms in this set (22)

Atom
The smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical reactions.
Characteristic Property
Chemical and physical properties that define attributes of a pure substance and are independent of the same amount. Characteristic properties can be used to identify pure substances.
Chemical Change
A change that occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances with different properties.
Chemical Property
A characteristic of a substance that requires a chemical reaction to observe.
Controlled Experiment
A scientific investigation in which one variable (the independent variable) is changed and all others are controlled, or kept the same.
Crystal
A solid that contains atoms arranged in an organized way.
Dependent Variable
The variable in an experiment whose value is determined by the experiment. See also independent variable.
Diagram
A labeled drawing that explains or shows the parts of something. A diagram is a type of model.
Dissolve
The process during which a homogenous mixture forms. The particles of the dissolved substance (solute) spread evenly throughout the dissolving substance (solvent), so that they are no longer visible.
Independent Variable
The variable in an experiment that the experimenter purposefully changes in order to determine its effect.
Mass
A measure of the amount of matter in an object. In the metric system, mass is measured in kilograms (kg) or grams (g).
Matter
Substances that make up the universe. All matter has mass and volume.
Malleability
A physical property that describes the ability of a material to be shaped, flattened, or otherwise deformed without breaking.
Molecule
Two or more atoms connected by a chemical bond.
Particle
A very small piece of matter. Particles include atoms and molecules.
Phase Change
The change of matter from one state to another, such as a solid, liquid, or gas.
Physical Property
All the characteristic properties of a substance that can be measured or observed without changing the type of matter.
Predict
To make an educated guess about the outcome of a situation.
Reactant
A substance, or substances, present at the beginning of a chemical reaction that is changed into a new substance, or substances; one of the starting materials in a chemical reaction.
Solubility
Describes the amount of substance (the solute) that can dissolve in another (the solvent).
Variable
Any factor that could affect the results of an experiment.
Volume
The amount of space occupied by a sample of matter. In the metric system, volume is measured in liters (L), mililiters (mL), cubic meters (m3) and cubic centimeters (cm3)
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