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genetics test 1

Terms in this set (30)

Which of the following produces energy for cell?
mitochondria
Which of the following aid in the production of proteins?
ribosomes
The process of cytoplasmic division that occurs during cell division is called
cytokinesis
DNA replication occurs during
interphase
Cell division producing two cells, each of which has the same complement of chromosomes as the parent cell, is called
mitosis
Cell division in which one cycle of chromosomal replication is followed by two successive cell divisions to produce four haploid cells is called
meiosis
Chromosomes that pair during meiosis and have identical gene loci are
homologous chromosomes
The condition in which each chromosome is represented twice as a member of a homologous pair
diploid
In prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes swap segments. This is called
crossing over
One of the possible alternative forms of a particular gene is called
allele
In the case study at the beginning of Chapter 3 titled Mom, Murder and MMA, what substance did the doctors think was being used to poison Ryan Stallings?
ethylene glycol
Whenever Mendel crossed two hybrid (heterozygote) plants, the offspring showed a particular ratio of dominant phenotypes to recessive phenotypes. What was that ratio?
3:1
The specific genetic constitution of and organism, in other words, the alleles it carries is called the
genotype
One of the possible alternative forms of a gene, usually distinguished by its effects is a(n)
allele
Red, white and pink snapdragons are an example of which pattern of heredity?
incomplete dominance
The position occupied by a gene on a chromosome is a(n)
chromosome
A person having identical alleles for one or more genes is
homozygous
Mendel's principle of independent assortment states that
genes are randomly distributed during meiosis and not inherited together
Mendel's principle of segregation states that
members of a gene pair separate from each other during gamete formation
A person carrying two different alleles for one or more genes is
heterozygous
What trait did your text suggest that Noah might have had?
albinism
What kind of trait is cystic fibrosis?
autosomal recessive
In which inheritance pattern do all individuals having the harmful allele exhibit the trait, and the trait occurs equally in males and females?
autosomal dominant
What kind of trait is color blindness?
x-linked
Which affects mucus production in the lungs and pancreas?
cystic fibrosis
What kind of trait is Marfan syndrome?
autosomal dominant
Which of the following is usually exhibited by males and, in affected males, is only passed on to their daughters?
x-linked
Which condition do some people think Abraham Lincoln might have had?
marfan syndrome
A gene present on the X chromosome that is expressed in males in both the recessive and dominant conditions is
X-linked
Which is not true of the sex chromosomes?
most genes on the X are found on the Y chromosome
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