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APUSH - REFORMERS - People

Terms in this set (14)

Black Hawk
The leader of the Illinois tribes of Indians in the 1830's. When the Indians were uprooted, and forced out of their homes, He led the Indians in resisting the move. However, he wasn't powerful enough, because in 1832 they were brutally defeated, and forced to move into Oklahoma.
Horace Mann
He was an idealistic graduate of Brown University, secretary of the Massachusetts board of education. He was involved in the reformation of public education (1825-1850). He campaigned for better school houses, longer school terms, higher pay for teachers, and an expanded curriculum.
Noah Webster
Born in Connecticut. Educated at Yale. Called "Schoolmaster of the Republic." Wrote reading primers and texts for school use. He was most famous for his dictionary, first published in 1828, which standardized the English language in America.
Joseph Smith
Reported to being visited by an angel and given golden plates in 1840; the plates, when deciphered, brought about the Church of Latter Day Saints and the Book of Mormon; he ran into opposition from Ohio, Illinois, and Missouri when he attempted to spread the Mormon beliefs; he was killed by those who opposed him.
Brigham Young
A Mormon leader that led his oppressed followers to Utah in 1846. Under his management, his Mormon community became a prosperous frontier theocracy and a cooperative commonwealth.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
She was a member of the women's right's movement in 1840. She was a mother of seven, and she shocked other feminists by advocating suffrage for women at the first Women's Right's Convention in Seneca, New York 1848. She read a "Declaration of Sentiments" which declared "all men and women are created equal."
Susan B. Anthony
She was a lecturer for women's rights. She was a Quaker. Many conventions were held for the rights of women in the 1840s. She was a strong woman who believed that men and women were equal. She fought for her rights even though people objected. Her followers were called Suzy B's.
Nathaniel Hawthorne
He wrote the Scarlet Letter in 1850. This was his masterpiece. He also wrote The Marble Faun. Many of his works had early American themes. The Scarlet Letter is about a woman who commits adultery in a Puritan village. His upbringing was heavily influenced by his puritan ancestors.
Henry David Thoreau
He was a poet, a mystic, a transcendentalist, a nonconformist, and a close friend of Ralph Waldo Emerson who lived from 1817-1862. He condemned government for supporting slavery and was jailed when he refused to pay his Mass. poll tax. He is well known for his novel about the two years of simple living he spent on the edge of Walden Pond called "Walden" , Or Life in the Woods. This novel furthered many idealistic thoughts. He was a great transcendentalist writer who not only wrote many great things, but who also encouraged, by his writings, Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr. to react toward things as they did.
Herman Melville
He was an author born in New York in 1819. He was uneducated and an orphan. He served eighteen months as a whaler. These adventuresome years served as a major part in his writing. He wrote Moby Dick in 1851 which was much less popular than his tales of the South seas. He died in 1891.
Walt Whitman
He was a poet who lived in Brooklyn from 1819-1892. His most famous collection of poems entitled Leaves of Grass, gained him the title "Poet Laureate of Democracy."
John J. Audubon
He lived from 1785 to 1851. He was of French descent, and an artist who specialized in painting wild fowl. He had such works as Birds of America and Passenger Pigeons. Ironically, he shot a lot of birds for sport when he was young. He is remembered as America's greatest ornithologist.
David Walker
He was a black abolitionist who called for the immediate emancipation of slaves. He wrote the "Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World." It called for a bloody end to white supremacy. He believed that the only way to end slavery was for slaves to physically revolt.
Frederick Douglass
A former slave who was an abolitionist, gifted with eloquent speech and self-educated. In 1838 he was "discovered" as a great abolitionist to give antislavery speeches. He swayed many people to see that slavery was wrong by publishing his biography, which depicted slavery as being cruel. He also looked for ways politically to end slavery.
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