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A+ Core 1 Networking: Networking Hardware Devices 2.2

Terms in this set (74)

Does every PC on a network requires a network adapter (i.e., Network Interface Card)?
Yes
Which network connectivity device is central in connecting large scale systems with hundreds of ports together in a "wired" fashion?
A Switch
What are the two types of Switches?
Managed and Unmanaged
Which network device sends packets (i.e., frames of data) to the correct destination port instead of sending them out to every port? And how does this particular network device accomplish this?
A Switch; By identifying the MAC address of each computer
Switches are known to work within which networking standard?
The Ethernet standard
Which type of switch has the ability to configure ports, manage traffic, troubleshoot, and monitor for traffic issues?
A Managed Switch
What type of network protocol does a managed switch use for external management?
The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
Which type of switch simply connects two or more computers together for the transmission of data to the correct destination port over an Ethernet network?
An Unmanaged Switch
Which type of switch just requires you to "plug and play" and has very few configuration options, no management protocols, and no integration with other network devices?
An Unmanaged Switch
Which type of switch includes both switching functionality and routing functionality within the same device?
A Multi-layer Switch
Managed Switches may cost more than unmanaged switches, but they provide extra features. One of which is quality of service (QoS). What type of managed switch feature is QoS?
It's a feature that allows administrators to prioritize certain network traffic by assigning a higher priority to it.
When it comes to the quality of service (QoS) feature of a managed switch, what type of traffic gets higher priority?
Voice traffic
Managed Switches may cost more than Unmanaged Switches, but they provide extra features. The second feature it offers is redundancy. What type of Managed Switch feature is redundancy?
It's a feature that allows multiple paths to get data from one point to another.
When it comes to a Managed Switch, and its feature of redundancy, how can administrators provide redundant paths that add a layer of fault tolerance to the network?
By using multiple Switches
What does a Managed Switch use to implement redundancy?
The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
Managed Switches may cost more than unmanaged switches, but they provide extra features. The third feature it offers is port mirroring. What type of Managed Switch feature is port mirroring?
It's a feature where a port can be configured to "mirror" another port. Thus, when traffic is sent to one port, it's also sent to the mirrored port
Managed Switches may cost more than unmanaged switches, but they provide extra features. The fourth feature it offers is virtual LANs (VLANs). What type of Managed Switch feature is a VLAN?
It's a feature where computers attached to the same physical switch can be segmented into multiple logical networks
Of the four major Managed Switch features, which one is considered a troubleshooting feature?
Port mirroring
How does the VLAN feature work in a Managed Switch?
Within a VLAN, when computers are attached to the same physical switch, each one can then be segmented into a logical network. This reduces network traffic on each VLAN because the traffic is now isolated from the other VLANs.
What two network devices can be used to connect a group of computers inside of a LAN?
A Switch and a Wireless Access Point (WAP)
If you're connecting a device to a network, whether it's a wired network or a wireless network, it needs some type of hardware to be able to make a connection. What is this particular type of hardware called?
A Network Interface Card (NIC)
What fundamental network component is needed by EVERY device that is trying to connect to a network?
A Network Interface Card (NIC)
The type of Network Interface Card (NIC) that you decide to use needs to match what?
The specific type of network that you're using.
Ex.
—If you're using an Ethernet network, then you'll need an Ethernet NIC
—If you're using a wireless network, then you'll need a wireless NIC
True or False: EVERY device on a network has a Network Interface Card (NIC)?
True
Where are Network Interface Cards (NICs) located?
Two places:

1. Either built into the Motherboard, or
2. added as an expansion card
If you have more than one type of expansion slot on your PC (for example, a combination PCI/PCIe), then what is the BEST slot to use for your Network Interface Card (NIC)?
Use a NIC that fits into the FASTEST type of expansion slot on your Motherboard (the PCIe expansion slot, in this case)
Which network device is commonly used to lengthen a signal further than it was designed to go originally?
A Repeater or Extender
Which network device is used to receive a signal, amplify or regenerate it, and then send it on its way?
A Repeater or Extender
What network device is used to boost the reach of copper and fiber connections?
A Repeater or Extender
Which network device was the first to connect a large number of computers together on the LAN in order to use and send data?
A Hub
Why is a Hub commonly referred to as a "Multi-port Repeater?"
Because the signals going into one (Ethernet) port on a Hub is automatically repeated to every other port that is on that Hub
What is the main difference between a Repeater and a Hub?
A Repeater: "repeats" a signal out of only ONE port

A Hub: "repeats" a signal out of multiple ports simultaneously (Thus, it's called a "Multi-port Repeater")
Ethernet Hubs commonly operate at what speeds?
Either 10 megabits per second or 100 megabits per second
What network device broadcasts data out to ALL computers? And what happens to the data that is sent out to all of these computers?
A Hub; The computer that the data is meant for accepts the data...the rest of the computers drop the data
What network device ultimately replaced the Hub?
A Switch
Hubs and Switches often look the same, so it can be easy to confuse them. What's the main difference between a Hub and a Switch?
A Hub: broadcasts data out to ALL computers and ports

A Switch: sends data to the correct computer instead of broadcasting it out to every port
In early networks where Hubs were used to connect all devices, what network device was used to connect the "hubbed" networks together?
A Bridge
What network device is used to either connect two LANs together or separate them into two sections?
A Bridge
Bridges make decisions on what traffic should be forwarded through the Bridge based on what?
The destination MAC address
Bridges and Switches are similar in what way?
They both forward data using the destination MAC address of a particular computer
How is a Bridge "more intelligent" than a Hub (multi-port repeater)?
A Hub takes traffic from one interface and "repeats" it to ALL of the other interfaces on that Hub. While a Bridge is more intelligent in deciding where traffic is going-A Bridge looks at a device's specific destination MAC address to find out what interface on the Bridge that destination MAC address exists, and then it will send that traffic to the particular interface that it is destined to go to
What is a good example of a "modern-day" Bridge?
A Wireless Access Point (WAP)
What network device routes data from one location to another by way of IP address and IP network numbers?
A Router
Routers are usually their own individual device, but sometimes they can be integrated into Switches. What are these type of Routers called?
Multi-layer Switches
What highly intelligent network device is used to connect multiple network types (i.e., LAN, WAN, etc.) together to format an internetwork?
A Router
What is the ONLY type of network device used to connect multiple networks together?
A Router
Which network device enables data communications over the air when your computer is equipped with a wireless networking adapter (i.e., a wireless NIC)?
A Wireless Access Point (WAP)
Which network device allows wireless-capable devices to connect to a wired network, and allows you to create a wireless network within your existing "wired" network to accommodate wireless devices?
A Wireless Access Point (WAP)
The Wireless Access Point (WAP) makes its forwarding decisions based on what?
The destination MAC address
What device is used for the management of Wireless Access Points (WAPs)?
A Wireless LAN Controller
What two frequencies are used for the transmission of data in a WAP?
2.4-GHz frequency
5-GHz frequency
Which network devices function within wired networks?
Hubs and Switches
Which network device deals with wireless connections?
Wireless Access Point (WAP)
Like a Switch, WAP identifies each computer by its what?
Destination MAC address
What type of network controller allows an administrator to remotely manage "cloud-capable" network infrastructure, including Access Points, Switches, and Routers?
A Cloud-based Network Controller
Which network device can be either a hardware or a software application used to protect a computer from unwanted intrusion?
A Firewall
Firewalls usually come in three forms...what are they?
1. As a "stand-alone box"
2. As software installed on a server or a router
3. Or as a combination of both hardware and software
When it comes to Small Office and Home Offices (SOHOs), Firewall functionality is usually built in what?
The Router
Most home offices (i.e., SOHOs) and businesses now access the Internet through the use of what devices?
A Cable Modem or DSL
What network device allows you to connect to a broadband network that's usually provided by a cable television company that is sending data across the network while using a standard called DOCSIS?
A Cable Modem
What is the primary difference between Cable Modem and DSL?
Cable Modem: use TV cable lines
DSL: use telephone lines
What physical hardware device acts as a termination point for all of the network cables in a building?
A Patch Panel
What network device is essentially a large Hub that is usually rack mounted, and houses multiple cable connections?
A Patch Panel
What network device consist of multiple RJ45 ports on the front that connect to Switches by way of twisted-pair patch cables, and a 110 Block on the back for connecting all of the individual wires in twisted-pair cables?
A Patch Panel
What is the typical physical data path from a user to a server?
1. Computer ➡️ 2. RJ45 jack ➡️ 3. Twisted-pair Cable ➡️ 4. Patch Panel ➡️ 5. Switch(s) ➡️ 6. Server
Which Ethernet standard/technology allows for the passing of electrical power in addition to data over Ethernet cabling?
Power over Ethernet (PoE)
What Ethernet standard/technology allows you to run a single cable to your WAP, phone, camera; and you don't need any additional connections to be able to power those devices?
Power over Ethernet (PoE)
What Ethernet standard/technology is extremely useful in situations where you need a Wireless Access Point (WAP) in a relatively remote location that does not have any power outlets?
Power over Ethernet (PoE)
The power that is on a Power over Ethernet (PoE) connection comes from what network device?
A Switch
In some cases, when dealing with Power over Ethernet (PoE), you may need to install a device that requires a PoE connection, but your Switch does not provide any power. In scenarios like this, what device can you put in the middle that adds power to the Ethernet connection so that you can power that device?
An Injector
What Ethernet standard/technology allows you to power devices using an Ethernet cable?
Power over Ethernet (PoE)
What Ethernet standard/technology extends your Ethernet network using the power cables that you already have in your home?
Ethernet over Power (EoP)
Which Ethernet standard/technology is often referred to as Power-Line Communication (PLC)?
Ethernet over Power (EoP)
When you find yourself in a spot where it's not possible to run cables for a network connection and wireless is a problem as well, which Ethernet standard/technology can help make that connection by using electrical outlets?
Ethernet over Power (EoP)
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