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IBUS test 1 study guide

Terms in this set (37)

global travel and tourism moves people up the
hierarchy toward developing a global attitude
however: global principles are..
interpreted and alterted according to culture
Discuss and explain who can be considered as an international tourist? Explain why?
A visitor who travels to a country other than that in whichA visitor who travels to a country other than that in which he/she has his/her usual residence for at least one night but not more than one year, and whose main purpose of the visit he/she has his/her usual residence for at least one night but not more than one year, and whose main purpose of the visit
List and discuss the benefits of tourism (make sure you discuss each).
...
List and discuss the negative impacts of tourism (make sure you discuss each).
...
Discus and explain each step of the Hierarchy of a Global Attitude.
1. global awareness (lowest level)
2. global tolerance
3. global understanding
4. global acceptance (highest level)
Discuss and explain what a global truth (universal principle) is.
fairness, compassion, integrity, honesty, excellence
What kind of industry is it?
multi-product sector
What is tourism?
encompasses a wide variety of products which, while sharing some similarities, display many differences in market characteritsic and customer profiles
Discuss the main differences between domestic tourist and international tourists.
Compared to domestic tourist they spend more stay longer at a destination, use more expensive mode of transportation and accommodation
Discuss and explain what is international tourism is?
Traveling to a place outside of your own country
Most important market sector
People who travel and stay in countries other than their own country of residence
What is an international excursionist?
A visitor residing in a country who travels the same day to a country other than which he/she has his/her usual environment for less than 24 hours without spending the night in the country visitied
Explain the difference between an international tourist and an international excursionist.
International tourist:A visitor who travels to a country other than that in which he/she has his/her usual residence for at least one night but not more than pne year, and whose main purpose of the visit
Study classification of travelers. (study picture)
(1) Tourists in international technical definitions. (2) Excursionists in international technical definitions. (3) Travelers whose trips are shorter than those that qualify for travel and tourism; e.g., under 50 miles (80 km) from home. (4) Students traveling between home and school only -- other travel of students is within scope of travel and tourism. (5) All persons moving to a new place of residence including all one-way travelers, such as emigrants, immigrants, refugees, domestic migrants, and nomads.
Explain what tourist system is.
Environments: economical, socio-cultural, technological, physical, political, legal, ecological, etc.

Travel generation region: departing travelers, transit route region, returning travelers: tourist destination region
What is a destination mix? Explain each elements of the destination mix.
-attractions and events
-facilities sector
-infrastructure and superstructure
-transportation
-hospitality resources
What is the difference between infrastructure and superstructure?
infrastructure: all underground and surface developmental construction

Superstructure: facilities constructed primarily to support visitation and visitor activities
Explain what sustainable tourism is?
Sustainable tourism development meets the needs of present tourists and host regions while protecting tourists and host regions while protecting and enhancing opportunity for the future. It is envisaged as leading to management of all resources in such a way that economic, social, and aesthetic needs can be fulfilled while maintaining. Cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity, and life support
Why is it difficult to plan for sustainable tourism?
-Multiple stakeholders with diverse views
-Fragmented control over the destination
-No single stakeholder has full control
-Tourism products often contain elements of public or social goods
-Impacts can be both positive or negative
-Impacts can be both interrelated and interdependent
Explain and discuss what carrying capacity is.
Upper limit of use an area can support indefinitely while providing a given experience
(physical, environmental, economic, socio-culutural, infrastructure, perceptual)
Discuss the current state of the tourism industry.
Sharp rise in unemployment • Stress on supply chains • Reduced consumer activity • Decrease in government and business income • Collapse of the Travel, Tourism & Hospitality industry
What are the generators of economic impact?
economic, social, cultural, environmental
Explain what tourism exports and imports are. Give an example for each.
export: tourist from other places travel to host country and consume goods and services
import: people from host country travel to other countries and consume goods there
Discuss the similarities and differences between Domestic and international travel
domestic travel: shorter stays, by car, pleasure/business
international travel: longer, more money, by plane
Discuss the state of the travel and tourism industry in the United States. Compare it to the rest of the world.
ranked #1 in absolute size worldwide
ranked #120 in relative size worldwide
ranked #129 in relative contribution to national economies
ranked #167 in long-term 10 year growth
2.3% increase in 2019
expected to grow by 3.7 % in US
Explain how tourism affects the balance of payment.
affect GNP of US (gross national product)
economically better to have foreign visitors
Explain what tourism multipliers are. Know how to calculate multiplier affect.
multiplier effect: generates foreign exchange
invisible to export industry
Explain what a leakage is. Give an example for each leakage category.
when host country does not get the end of the transaction

revenues from economic activities are not available for reinvestment or consumption of goods and services within the same destination
also occurs when tourism related goods, services and labor are imported
Explain and discuss direct and indirect effects of tourism
-Positive economic impacts
Creates jobs
Generates additional business for local people and small businesses
Can be developed with local products and resources
Diversified the economy
Tends to be compatible with other economic activities
Spreads development
Increases governtment revenues
Attracts investors
Multiplier effect
Generates foreign exchange
Invisible export industry
Fragmented product, yet integrated in the economy and stimulating

-Negative economic impacts
Causes inflation
Develops excess demand
Creates difficulties of seasonality
Increases the prices of goods and services
High cost developing public tourist facilities
Increases real estate prices
Overdependence
Positive social impacts
Provide more parks and other recreational areas for locals
Provide an incentive for the restoration of historical buildings
Improve the standards of road and other public facilities
Interaction with people from different countries

-Negative social impact
Increase crime rate
Increase in traffic congesion
Increase in noise and pollution
Prostitution
Vandalism
Introduction of undesirable activites such as gambling
Demonstration effect
Creates conflict in the local community

-Positive cultural impacts
Provide an incentive for the preservation of local culture
Development of cultrual activites by local residents
Cultural exchange bewteen
?

-Negative cultural impacts
Negative effects of tourism on the local culture
Suffering from living in a tourism destination
Negative effects on high spending tourisnt on locals way of living

-Environmental impacts
Degrades the natural physical environment
Results in unpleasantly overcrowded beaches, hiking trails, parks, and other outdoot places
Pollutes the natural resources
Provides an incentive to preserve the environemnt

Summary
Main reason people want tourism is because of the economic impact, aka money
Third world challenges
Investment priorities
infrastructure
Discuss and explain the reasons why a community may want to develop tourism?
-economic impact/revenue
-
Discuss and explain the challenges third world countries faces.
little resident involvement
amentities are too expensive: for development and for locals to use
flow of currency and products: foreign tour operators dominance
leakage
investment risks
volatile tourism activiy
Discuss the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the US Tourism and Hospitality industry
COVID-19 pandemic-induced market instability and lockdown has caused: • Sharp rise in unemployment • Stress on supply chains • Reduced consumer activity • Decrease in government and business income • Collapse of the Travel, Tourism & Hospitality industry
Know the COVID-19 timeline
Jann. 21 • CDC confirmed the first U.S. Coronavirus case Jan. 31 • Trump announced restrictions on travel from China & declared public health emergency
Feb. 29 • First confirmed Covid-19 death in the US & Washington state declared state of emergency
Mar. 10 • New York declared a 1-mile containment zone Mar. 11 • Trump announced Europe travel ban
Mar. 13 • Trump declared COVID-19 a national emergency
Mar. 19 • California became the first state to issue statewide Stay-at-Home order
Apr. 24 • Georgia began to reopen
Discuss the impact of tourism on world's and the United States' economy.
State of local economy
Community concern
Community attachment
Ecocentric attitudes
Distance from the tourist attractions
Level of tourism development
Typeof development
Personal benefits gained from tourism
Trust in tourism authorities
Dependence on tourism: how dependence is too much?
can cause negative economic impacts when theres an overdependece

recieving countries can hardly manage to negotiate fair trade agrrangements largelry stemming from the fact that they are over reliant
Know the impact of COVID 19 on tourism, employment, occupancy rates, travel spending, hotels, restaurants, etc.
tourism: arrivals have decreased, same with bookings
employment: staggering job loss
occupancy rates: historic low occupancy
travel spending: down 2020, expecin to increase 2021-23
hotels: low revenue, layoffs
restaurantsL down grad inc, low revenue
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