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Intro public health midterm: part 4
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Terms in this set (25)
Characteristics of toxic chemicals
-persistence
-bio accumulation
-toxicity
Persistence
Chemicals revisit environmental degradation and accumulate in Aire,water, and soil
Bioaccumulation
Chemicals accumulate in living organisms their concentration in body tissues continue to increase
Toxicity
Chemicals have toxic properties result in a diverse array of adverse human health effects
Endocrine disrupters
-Associated with cancer and developmental disorders
-learning disability, ADHD
Phthalates
-Substances added to plastic to increase its flexibility
-high doses can cause hormone changes and birth defects
Phthalate risks
-cancer
-childhood asthma, obesity
-cancer
-can affect male genitalia development resulting in reproductive track changes and affect reproductive system later in life
Bisphenol A
-Organic compound is colorless and poorly soluble in water
-found in plastics and liner of cans used in consumer products
BPA risks
-male and female infertility
-breast and prostate cancer
-metabolic disorders
BPA in canned products
-higher urinary concentrations of BPA in people who eat a lot of canned soup
BPA on thermal paper
BPA found thermal paper used most receipts that consumers get from stores it is a powdery film that is on the surface of the receipt
Foodborne illnesses
Illness resulting from consumption of contaminates food, pathogenic bacteria, viruses or parasitestes that contaminate food as well as chemical or natural toxins
Foodborne outbreak
-occurs tow or more people get same illness from the same contaminated food or drink
What are the 4 different sizes of Foodborne outbreak
-local outbreak: restricted to a small local are
-statewide outbreak: affecting more than one country in a state
-multi-state outbreak: affecting more than one state
-national outbreak: affecting the entire nation
Food recalls
Once a potential hazard has been identified in food product the FDA oversees the recall of that food product
Public health approach to drug policy
Coordinated effort, balances public health and safety to create safer, healthier,communities,measuring success by impact of both drug use and drug policies on the public's health
Harm reduction
Practical strategies and ideas aimed at reducing negative consequences associated with drug use
Opioids
-drugs generally used for pain relief
-produce euphoria addition to pain relief
Shift in thinking
We lock people who are addicted and don't five them treatment so they start again once they get out
Four pillars model
-prevention
-treatment
-enforcement
-harm reduction
Prevention
-strategies help prevent harmful use of alcohol, tobacco, and illegal and prescription drugs
-EX: education on substance use
Treatment
Intervention and support programs that encourage people with addiction, make healthier decisions about their lives
Enforcement
Ensuring community is safe with protecting vulnerable and preserving life
Example of harm reduction
-Needle exchanges: there are places where they give needles away to drug users in order to reduce the risk of needle sharing and getting a disease such as HIV
-Naloxone: injection or nasal spray , must be administered quickly
Law enforcement assisted diversion (LEAD)
Gives police officers to encounter treatment instead of arrest
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