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pharm test 1

Terms in this set (84)

The patient is receiving two different drugs. At current dosages and dosage forms, both
drugs are absorbed into the circulation in identical amounts. Which term is used to identify this
principle?
a. Bioequivalent
b. Synergistic
c. Prodrugs
d. Steady state
bioequivalent
When given an intravenous medication, the patient says to the nurse, "I usually take
pills. Why does this medication have to be given in the arm?" What is the nurse's best answer?
a. "The medication will cause fewer adverse effects when given intravenously."
b. "The intravenous medication will have delayed absorption into the body's tissues."
c. "The action of the medication will begin sooner when given intravenously."
d. "There is a lower chance of allergic reactions when drugs are given intravenously."
c. "The action of the medication will begin sooner when given intravenously."
The nurse is administering parenteral drugs. Which statement is true regarding
parenteral drugs?
a. Parenteral drugs bypass the first-pass effect.
b. Absorption of parenteral drugs is affected by reduced blood flow to the stomach.
c. Absorption of parenteral drugs is faster when the stomach is empty.
d. Parenteral drugs exert their effects while circulating in the bloodstream.
a. Parenteral drugs bypass the first-pass effect.
When monitoring the patient receiving an intravenous infusion to reduce blood pressure,
the nurse notes that the patient's blood pressure is extremely low, and the patient is lethargic and
difficult to awaken. This would be classified as which type of adverse drug reaction?
a. Adverse effect
b. Allergic reaction
c. Idiosyncratic reaction
d. Pharmacologic reaction
d. pharmacologic reaction
The nurse is reviewing pharmacology terms for a group of newly graduated nurses.
Which sentence defines a drug's half-life?
a. The time it takes for the drug to cause half of its therapeutic response
b. The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to reach the target
cells
c. The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from
the body
d. The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to be absorbed into
the circulation
c. The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from
the body
When administering drugs, the nurse remembers that the duration of action of a drug is
defined as which of these?
a. The time it takes for a drug to elicit a therapeutic response
b. The amount of time needed to remove a drug from circulation
c. The time it takes for a drug to achieve its maximum therapeutic response
d. The time period at which a drug's concentration is sufficient to cause a therapeutic
response
d. The time period at which a drug's concentration is sufficient to cause a therapeutic
response
When reviewing the mechanism of action of a specific drug, the nurse reads that the
drug works by selective enzyme interaction. Which of these processes describes selective enzyme
interaction?
a. The drug alters cell membrane permeability.
b. The drug's effectiveness within the cell walls of the target tissue is enhanced.
c. The drug is attracted to a receptor on the cell wall, preventing an enzyme from
binding to that receptor.
d. The drug binds to an enzyme molecule and inhibits or enhances the enzyme's action
with the normal target cell.
d. The drug binds to an enzyme molecule and inhibits or enhances the enzyme's action
with the normal target cell.
When administering a new medication to a patient, the nurse reads that it is highly
protein bound. Assuming that the patient's albumin levels are normal, the nurse would expect
which result, as compared to a medication that is not highly protein bound?
a. Renal excretion will be faster.
b. The drug will be metabolized quickly.
c. The duration of action of the medication will be shorter.
d. The duration of action of the medication will be longer.
d. The duration of action of the medication will be longer.
The patient is experiencing chest pain and needs to take a sublingual form of
nitroglycerin. Where does the nurse instruct the patient to place the tablet?
a. Under the tongue
b. On top of the tongue
c. At the back of the throat
d. In the space between the cheek and the gum
a. under the tongue
The nurse is administering medications to the patient who is in renal failure resulting
from end-stage renal disease. The nurse is aware that patients with kidney failure would most
likely have problems with which pharmacokinetic phase?
a. Absorption
b. Distribution
c. Metabolism
d. Excretion
d. excretion
A patient who has advanced cancer is receiving opioid medications around the clock to
keep him comfortable as he nears the end of his life. Which term best describes this type of
therapy?
a. Palliative therapy
b. Maintenance therapy
c. Empiric therapy
d. Supplemental therapy
a. palliative therapy
The patient is complaining of a headache and asks the nurse which over-the-counter
medication form would work the fastest to help reduce the pain. Which medication form will the
nurse suggest?
a. A capsule
b. A tablet
c. An enteric-coated tablet
d. A powder
d. a powder
The nurse will be injecting a drug into the fatty tissue of the patient's abdomen. Which
route does this describe?
a. Intradermal
b. Subcutaneous
c. Intramuscular
d. Transdermal
b. subcutaneous
Which drugs would be affected by the first-pass effect? (Select all that apply.)
a. Morphine given by IV push injection
b. Sublingual nitroglycerin tablets
c. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) elixir
d. Levothyroxine (Synthroid) tablets
e. Transdermal nicotine patches
f. Esomeprazole (Nexium) capsules
g. Penicillin given by IV piggyback infusion
c. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) elixir
d. Levothyroxine (Synthroid) tablets
f. Esomeprazole (Nexium) capsules
A drug dose that delivers 250 mg has a half-life of 5 hours. Identify how much drug will
remain in the body after one half-life. _______
125mg
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