PSY 260 - Tests and Measures EXAM 3

Francis Galton
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Terms in this set (46)
Francis Galton
Intelligence as biological heredity based. Measured by sensation/perception abilities.
Alfred Binet
Intelligence is a complex set of attributes. Goal of testing is classification
Hernstein and Murray
Genetic factors to intelligence
David Wechsler
Intelligence has many aspects including personality factors.
Jean Piaget
Biological adaptation to intelligence involving both nature (agency) and nurture (environment). Assimilation and Accomodation to result in equilibrium = well-adapted intelligence.
People who defined intelligence in the late 1800s
Galton, Binet, Hernstein/Murray, Wechsler, Piaget
Examples of Factor-Analytic Theories of Intelligence
Spearman's Two Factor Theory, Howard Gardner, McGrew's CHC, Catell-Horn
Spearman's Two-Factor Theory
The g factor and the error factor. G = ability that a given person has, shown up on any test.
Howard Gardner
7-9 different intelligences (intra, inter, naturalist, existentialist, kinesthetic, language...)
McGrew's CHC Model (Catell-Horn-Carroll)
Geological stratum idea.
Division of the g factor into multiple components.
G - general intelligence factor. Within G are 8 abilities and processes. Differences at developmental levels and speed factors.
Catell-Horn10 broad abilities divided into 70 narrower ones. Notion of crystallized intelligence (culture-bound, learned/nurtured). VS Fluid Intelligence (non-verbal, culture-free, more natural).McGrew and FlanniganDifferent test batteries that are used will help tap into the different main types of abilities/intelligence's.The Information Processing View - LuriaImportance of HOW information is processed, not why/what. Simultaneous (parallel) VS sequential (serial). Multi task vs step by step.Information Processing view - Sternberg3 elements of successful "intell". Metacomponents: planning, monitoring, and evaluating. Practical intelligence/performance vs. academic intelligence/learning/knowledge-acquisitionControversial Issues in Measuring Intelligence1 - stabilitiy 2 - Nature vs. Nurture. Inheritance (Galton, Bell curve by Hern + Murray) vs. interaction (Binet, Wechsler, Piaget) 3 - Personality/temperament 4 - Gender 5 - Family environment SES studies (socio-economic) 6 - Culture - RaceCrystallized IntelligenceCulture Bound. Learned, nurtured.Fluid IntelligenceNon-verbal, culture-free, natural.Stanford-Binet Original PurposeUsed for classifying school children. First American est to use the concept of IQ.Original scoring of Stanford-BinetOriginal used a real calculation of "Quotient" ration (mental age/chronological age) X 100.New way of scoring Stanford-Binet5th edition. Removed ratio. Introduced deviation IQ. It derives scores based on the individual deviation from the mean of the standardized sample (16).Basic of Early versions of Stanford-BinetBased on single G - Factor. Items expanded to 10 sections focusing on 5 sub domains based upon the CHC factor model of intelligenceWechsler Test PurposeHelp NY hopsital assess the intelligence of multilingual, national, and cultural people.Wechsler Test Way of scoringUsed deviation IQ based on points rather than age with 100 as average.Wechsler Test main description19 tests. 3 IQ scores: Full, verbal, performance.WAISWechsler Adult Intelligence ScaleWISCWechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (6-16)WPPSIWechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (2-7)WASIShort form of WAIS - abbreviated scale. (6-89) LESS RELIABLEGroup TestsUsed for military and school. For screening. Efficient, quick, cheap.Good Enough Harris Figure DrawingsMeasures intelligence. Good reliability, but poor validity.Achievement TestTest current levels of knowledge (prognostic) Current ability, formal learning, knowledgeAptitude TestPredicting future success (predictive) Future potential, broad informal learning, intelligence/skill/abilityAPGARUsed for newborn assessment. 5 domains that are 2 points each. 0-10.BSIDBayley Scales of Infant Development Ages 1 month - 3.5 years 3 domains: Motor scale, Mental scale, Behavior ratingCBCLChild Behavior Checklist Simple and fastCRS-RConners Rating Scale A screening for ADHDStanford Binet 5 and WPSSI - IIPsychological TestsMRTMetropoliton Readiness Test Elementary School level testSAT/PSATScolastic Assessment Test Reading, Writing, Math Essay - analogies, comparison More attachment based now. Penalty for guessingACTAchievement based. English, math, reading, science No penalty for guessing Writing part optionalGREGraduate Record Examinations College level test Verbal, quantitative, analytical, writingMATMiller Analogies Test College Level test 100 item multiple choiceK-ABCKauffman Assessment Battery for children. Updated to KABC-II. Includes Luria + CHC Model Privately administered tests with multiple scales/subtests to help assess and diagnose problems.WJIIIWoodcock-Johnson III Uses CHC Model Privately administered.Other types of assesmentPortfolios, peer assessmentFactors affecting academic performanceStudy habits, interests, attitudes