Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

Geology Exam 2 Practice Test

Terms in this set (72)

which of the following sediments would most likely be found in the middle a lake
silt
Which of the following rock types would be associated with a high energy environment?
Conglomerate rock
ery broad, slightly domed volcanoes built from multiple basaltic lava flows are called cinder cones.
False
Based on what we know about igneous rocks, what color is the mantle? (Hint: remember that the mantle is made up of ultramafic rocks).
Green
A low viscosity magma will flow more easily than a magma with high viscosity.
TRUE
What are the three main types of stress?
Compression, tension, and shear
Match each igneous rock with its correct texture:

Granite

Obsidian

Andesite

Scoria
Granite: Coarse

Obsidian: Glassy

Andesite: Fine

Scoria: Vesicular
As silica in a magma increases, viscosity also increases.
TRUE
During the formation of a clastic sedimentary rock, the following events occur. Order them from first to occur to last to occur:
1. Deposition
2. Weathering
3. Erosion
4. Lithification
5. Compaction
...
Which of the following can we understand by studying sedimentary rocks?
...
The magma beneath Mt. St. Helens generally has ___________ viscosity than the magma beneath Kilauea, Hawaii.
Higher
Determine the environment of deposition for the mudstone in the picture below.
...
As silica in a magma increases, viscosity also increases.
true
Which of these rocks is composed of the smallest sedimentary clasts?
...
What is the volcanism in Hawaii related to?
...
Which type of volcano is formed from a violent explosion of pyroclastic materials, volcanic mudflows, and andesitic lava?
...
What type of rock would be formed in this plant-rich swamp?
coal
Select the sedimentary rock with the formula CaCO3
Limestone
What type of plate boundary might have been present in North Carolina at the time these rocks were forming? Select the appropriate response.
Convergent
What composition of parent rock would have been present to create "amphibolite?"
Mafic
Is the same type of plate boundary active today in North Carolina?
NO
What major geologic events generated the regional metamorphism that is so prevalent in North Carolina? Select the appropriate response.
The continental-continental crust collision of North America and Africa
Select the time periods and age ranges when metamorphism has occurred in North Carolina.
1600 mya; mid-Proterozoic
900 mya; Late Proterozoic
500 mya; Ordovician Period
410 mya; Devonian Period
330 mya; Pennsylvanian Period
290 mya; Permian Period
What is the most recent geologic period when metamorphism occurred?
290 mya; Permian Period
What is the parent rock of quartzite?
Sandstone
Is the parent rock of quartzite igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic?
Sedimentary
The phase diagram below shows solid and liquid fields in the upper portions of the Earth as a function of temperature and pressure. Starting with shale near the Earth's surface (Point A), what metamorphic rock would you expect to find at points B, C, D, E and F?
Arrange the metamorphic rocks in the correct sequence representing B (first), C, D, E, and F (last).
Hornfels
Slate
Phyllite
Schist
Gneiss
Simple tests can help distinguish marble from quartzite. Select two properties that are distinct for each rock and allow for easy identification: Quartzite
Scratches glass (hardness greater than glass)
Interlocking grains
Simple tests can help distinguish marble from quartzite. Select two properties that are distinct for each rock and allow for easy identification: Marble
Does not scratch glass (hardness less than glass)
Reacts with HCl
What is the best way to tell micrite and chert apart? Choose the best option below.
Reaction to Hydrochloric Acid
The overall color of the rock is red. Which of the minerals that you identified during Lab 4: Minerals is the most likely cement between the quartz grains in this rock?
Hematite
Arkose is a clastic/detrital sedimentary rock containing a large amount of angular feldspar grains. Based on the lack of rounding of the grains and the fact that feldspar chemically weathers to form clay minerals, do you think the particles in arkose were deposited in a wet or dry environment?
Dry
What is the primary difference between a conglomerate and a breccia?
The rounding of the grains
What does this difference tell us about the formation of these rocks?
Whether the rock was formed in a dry or wet environment
Which Sedimentary Rocks are found in which environments?
Choose the best answer for a Sedimentary Rock formed in an evaporating inland sea.
Rock Gypsum
Which Sedimentary Rocks are found in which environments?
Choose the best answer for a Sedimentary Rock formed in a mountain stream.
Conglomerate
Which Sedimentary Rocks are found in which environments?
Choose the best answer for a Sedimentary Rock formed in the deep ocean.
Shale
Which Sedimentary Rocks are found in which environments?
Choose the best answer for a Sedimentary Rock formed on the beach.
Sandstone
Which Sedimentary Rocks are found in which environments?
Choose the best answer for a Sedimentary Rock formed in a delta.
Siltstone
Which Sedimentary Rocks are found in which environments?
Choose the best answer for a Sedimentary Rock formed in a lake.
Shale
Choose the best answer for a Sedimentary Rock formed in a swamp
Bituminous coal
Choose the best answer for a Sedimentary Rock formed by a glacier.
Conglomerate
Much of eastern North Carolina (just to the east of Raleigh) is underlain by sediments and sedimentary rocks, including sandstone, mudstone, and limestone. When these sediments were deposited, do you think Raleigh was closer or farther from the shoreline than it is today?
Closer to the shoreline
North Carolina contains a lot of clay and quartz sand deposits. What igneous rock is a likely source for these types of sediments?
Granite
The Hawaiian Islands contain beaches of both black and green sand. What igneous rock is the likely source for the black sand?
Basalt
The Hawaiian Islands contain beaches of both black and green sand. What mineral likely comprises the green sand?
Olivine
What type of plate boundary is responsible for the formation of Mount Redoubt?
oceanic-continental convergent
From your observations, what type of volcano is Mount Redoubt likely to be?
composite
What type(s) of volcanic hazards would be associated with Mount Redoubt? Check all that apply.
lava flows
lava fountains
eruption columns
pyroclastic flows
fissures
Given the location of the Tamu Massif, what type of volcano is it likely to be?
shield
What type of eruptions were most likely responsible for building up Mauna Loa? Check all that apply.
lava fountains
fissures
When lava solidifies (at or on the surface of the land), the rocks are classified as:
Extrusive
An igneous rock composed of two distinctly different sizes of mineral crystals with a fine-grained matrix around larger crystals is said to have a(n) _______________________ texture.
Porphorytic
An igneous rock with very coarse-grained texture in which the minerals are centimeters long is called a
Pegmatite
Igneous rocks that form when magma solidifies deep beneath the surface of the earth are called:
Intrusive
When melting forms magma:
partial melting produces a magma that is more felsic than the source
Which of the following rock types involves dissolved gas in the magma?
Pumice
True or False: The slower the cooling, the larger the crystals.
true
Igneous Rock Samples that you identified during this lab is most representative of the oceanic crust?
Basalt
Which one of the Igneous Rock Samples that you identified during this lab is most representative of the continental crust.
Granite
Which kind of eruptive activity is most likely to be highly explosive?
Eruptions of continental margin composite volcanoes
What type of plate boundary is responsible for the formation of Mount Redoubt?
oceanic-continental convergent
What type of stress is the cause of most folding?
Compression
What is the typical setting for fold and thrust belts?
Associated with convergent plate boundaries
Which of the following rock types involves dissolved gas in the magma?
pumice
arrows pointing away
tension
Which type of volcano is formed from a violent explosion of pyroclastic materials, volcanic mudflows, and andesitic lava?
...
Granite:
coarse
Obsidian
glassy
Andesite: Fine
fine
Scoria
vesicular, mafic
Which of the following igneous ricks would you most likely except to find in Hawaii?
Basalt
Other sets by this creator