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EOHS 230 MIDTERM

Terms in this set (120)

Ultimately what is needed between the three elements of the One Health Program
Balance
According to the reading Environmental Health is the branch of public health that focuses on
Interrelationships between people and their environment
According to the reading Environmental risks take their greatest toll on which group
Children 0-5
According to the reading what is the estimated number of deaths due to Diarrheal diseases annually across the world?
846, 000
The APHA reminds us that unlike doctors, public health practitioners work to ________ health problems.
prevent
What is the estimated number of people that died in 2012 because of unhealthy environments?
12.6 million
According to the reading what is the estimate of deaths that could be avoided in adults aged 50 to 75 that could be avoided by better environmental management?
4.9 million
With all the environmental health risk factors out there it is the challenge of the environmental health professional is to:
Focus on the major facts
What was a traditional method of addressing public health issues?
Everybody stayed to their own area - Silo method
The One Health program represents what type of approach to addressing health risks?
Interdisciplinary Method
Which branch of the federal government makes environmental rules?
the executive
In the US Constitution, the Bill of Rights lays out 10 rights individuals have in relation to the federal government.
true
Due process gives individuals a right to which of the following:
fair procedures and trials
Where are propose federal rules first published?
the federal registar
Which part of the US Constitution grants Congress the authority to restrict pollution and protect species?
the commerce clause
When reviewing an Idaho Rule, to what does its very first statement refer?
the legal authority for the rule
Which branches of the federal government make up our system of checks and balances?
the judicial, executive and legislative
An important theme in environmental law is environmental justice, which experts say includes ____?
justice across nations
justice within communities
the rights of the earth
Where are federal rules published once they are finalized and in force?
the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
Which branch of the federal government is responsible for developing laws?
the legislative branch
According to the reading which of the following is NOT one of the 6 focus themes for the national health program?
food security
According to the reading individuals can directly control the determinants of health around them?
false
Within the second overarching goal of the national program is an effort to:
eliminate health disparities
According to the lecture which industry will be seeing the need for environmental health professionals?
health care
What is the program that seeks to improve the health of the United States population?
healthy people
According to the WHO, what percentage of deaths among children under 5, globally, are due to modifiable environmental factors?
28%
According to the reading which of the items below are considered determinants of health?
The social environment,
The physical environment
The persons genetics
How long has the national program been in place to provide science based 10-year national objective?
30 years
What will be the results of addressing the determinants of health?
healthy communities
Throughout history of health care the focus has been on the -
symptoms of disease
What event contributed to the environmental justice movement?
Warren County landfill
According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental justice is defined as?
The fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies
According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), what describes a potential overburdened community?
A minority, low-income, tribal and indigenous population.
According to the reading, what is the name for the universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity world wide?
Sustainable Development Goals
Which of the following is considered an environmental justice issue?
Food security
Sanitation
Housing
According to lecture, environmental racism is defined as?
The intentional placement of hazardous waste sites, landfills, incinerators, and polluting industries in communities inhabited by people of color, migrant farm workers, and the working poor
What year did the toxic landfill close in Warren County, North Carolina?
2003
What was the dangerous chemical illegally dumped along the North Carolina highways in 1978?
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)
Ending poverty is the UN's #1 goal among its sustainability goals?
true
According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), fair treatment is defined as?
No group of people shall bear a disproportionate share of the negative environmental consequences resulting from industrial, governmental, and commercial operations or policies.
How many people in Africa do not have access to clean water?
1 in 4
What was the contaminant in the Flint MI water that caused the original deadly outbreak?
either arsenic or legionella
Which of the following is a water-borne parasite that causes diarrheal disease?
Giardia
If a water system is not meeting safety standards, whose responsibility is it to notify users?
the water supplier's
What is the name of the report that every community water system must produce annually for the people that are on the water system?
either:
Drinking Water Testing Report
Chemical analysis Report
Consumer Confidence Report
Places like restaurants and child care centers have what kind of water system?
Non-transient Non-community Water System
What is the estimated number of people around the world who die each day from exposure to unsafe water?
5500
In Bangladesh, what happened when they drilled new wells to provide safe drinking water?
the residents suffered chronic arsenic poisoning
In the case of a surface water system, what is the problem with having too much dirt in the water when you are trying to sanitize the water?
either:
The dirt clogs the testing equipment
The dirt prevents the chlorine from sanitizing the water
When Flint Michigan switched the source of its drinking water, residents were exposed to what contaminant?
lead
In our homes, what uses the most water?
toilets
Irrigation is responsible for the largest percentage of freshwater withdrawals in the US?
false
Which of the below is considered a non-point source of water pollution?
cattle
If doughts continue, what is one problem of having lower water levels?
higher concentrations of pollutants
What needed to be cleaned up in Lake Cascade under the TMDL?
Phosphorus
How was sewage treatment plant discharge originally disposed of?
it was dumped into water bodies
Globally, how many people die each year from water, sanitation and hygiene-related diseases?
1 million
In Flint, MI, city health officials tested the water right away which is how they knew there was a problem?
false
What was the original purpose of the Clean Water Act?
to make waters swimmable and fishable
How many hours a day do women and girls across the globe spend gathering water?
200 million
Which of the following is NOT a result of warming temperatures?
vectors are bigger
Which of the below is NOT among the four major channels of zoonotic disease transmission?
osmosis
Spiders carry infectious diseases.
false
When considering which pests to work on which ones would you address?
Those of public health significance
What is the reservoir of West Nile Virus?
birds
What disease is associated with bats?
rabies
What disease is associated with Ticks?
lyme disease
Which of the following groups are more at risk for zoonotic diseases?
Children younger than 5
Older adults
People with weakened immune systems
Which of the following is responsible for the majority of vector-borne diseases in humans?
mosquitos
According to the WHO, vector-borne diseases account for what percentage of all infectious diseases?
17 %
Where would you find detailed information about a pesticide cancer risk?
in the safety data sheet
When considering Integrated Pest Management programs which is the Last method of control that you would consider.
chemical control
Why are pyrethroids becoming less effective?
mosquito resistance
What is an example of a biological control attempt that went wrong?
Use of the Brown Rat Snake to control rats
In the world of pesticide and pesticide usage the label ...
is the law
When considering pest management which of the following is the major consideration for acting.
medical injury levels
What is meant by the term "integrated pest management"?
a decision-making process, that uses all available pest management strategies, to prevent damaging pest outbreaks and reduces risks to human health and the environment.
Deep Woods Off is a brand name insect repellant and is therefore not classified as a pesticide because it just repels insects and does not kill them.
false
What would be a biological control method for mosquitos?
Placing Gambusia affinis in the water
The definition of a pest presented in class is
An organism that is regarded as injurious and unwanted.
What is the "Danger Zone"—the temperature range which will support the multiplication of food poisoning bacteria and which should be avoided as much as possible during handling, preparation, and storage of susceptible foods?
40 ˚F to 140 ˚F
According to the Federal Food and Drug Administration's Food Code represents
The best advice for uniform regulation of retail food establishments.
Which of the following methods is considered a safe way of thawing frozen meats?
Thaw slowly in the refrigerator.
What is the name of the program that describes assuring that food from where it is produced to when it is eaten?
safe food farm to table
Milk Production is under what set of regulations in the United States...
PMO
What is the definition of a potentially hazardous food?
Foods that support rapid growth of infectious microbes
According to the reading to prevent the spread of pathogens utensils are to be sanitized at least every
4 hours
In foodborne outbreaks what is a new tool that is being used to help with the investigations?
genoetracker
According to the reading Ground meats are to be cooked to which temperature?
160 degrees F
How often are the federal rules of Milk revised according to the reading?
every two years
According to the reading, In HACCP A step at which control can be applied and is essential to prevent or eliminate a food safety hazard or reduce it to an acceptable level is called a
critical control point
The basic rule of food safety is When in doubt.
throw it out
According to the reading, A maximum and/or minimum value to which a biological, chemical or physical parameter must be controlled at a CCP to prevent, eliminate or reduce to an acceptable level the occurrence of a food safety hazard is a ...
critical limit
When identifying potential hazards for Frozen pre-cooked, boned chicken what hazard would you control for?
salmonella
The HACCP concept was developed initially for..
NASA
When identifying potential hazards for Frozen Cooked Beef Patties what hazard would you control for?
E. Coli
What percentage of food poisonings occur when food is not held at the proper temperature?
90%
What is the name of the program that describes assuring that food from where it is produced to when it is eaten?
Safe Food Farm to Table
According to the reading, what is any step at which biological, chemical, or physical factors can be controlled.
control point
HACCP plans are required in which operations>
juice processing
According to the reading what is the typical degree requirement to be an epidemiologist?
masters
In a foodborne outbreak GIS data will help test the
Hypothesis for the cause
What disease does the Ada County Mosquito District track with GIS?
west nile virus
In the lecture environmental health professionals are compared to
first responders
What is the name of the person that was the first to use cases on a map to identify a source of a cholera outbreak?
john snow
In what United States city did over 403,000 people become ill from a waterborne illness?
Milwaukee
Members of a team that test and analyze the information to determine the cause of an outbreak are typically
Epidemiologist
GIS stands for Geographic Investigation System.
false
According to the lecture what is the challenge to an environmental health professional related to their community?
Being aware of what is happening in their community
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports is a publication of which agency?
centers for disease control
When you are asked a question it is important to do which of the following?
Listen to the intent of the question(message)
What percent of the questions you are asked in a crisis can be anticipated?
97%
During a public health crisis, which of the following should always be conveyed to your audience?
empathy
Communication during a crisis should be what?
short and concise
You should only ever lie to the public as a last resort.
false
When you are in a situation of High Concern and Low Trust, risk communication is considered to be of what importance?
it is essential
Effective risk communication during a crisis is spontaneous and extemporaneous.
false
When people are upset they have difficulty processes information due to what phenomenon?
they experience Mental Noise
In an effective media presentation, what percent of the message content should be in visual form?
50-90%
Which of the following is NOT a part of message mapping?
developing goals for the organization
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