Chemistry Qbank

hydrogen bond donor
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Terms in this set (36)
hydrogen bond donor
hydrogen directly bonded to a N, O, or F atom (electronegative)
hydrogen bond acceptor
an electronegative atom (such as O or N) with an available lone pair of electrons
an HCl concentration of 0.01 M means
H+ concentration is 0.01 M (10-2 M), and the pH is 2.
geometry or shape of a molecule refers to
only to the positions of atoms, not electron pairs.
Vacuum fractional distillation: If the fractionating column is shortened
the liquids will vaporize and condense fewer times (i.e., there will be fewer theoretical plates) and the degree of separation will worsen.
Vacuum fractional distillation: Cooling the condenser with ice water...
will have no effect on the degree of separation because condensation takes place after the separation has occurred.
Vacuum fractional distillation: Creating a lower pressure inside the distilling apparatus...
will lower the boiling points of both liquids and narrow their difference in boiling point, making it necessary to also increase the length of the fractionating column in order to achieve the same degree of separation as obtained originally.
Vacuum fractional distillation: Heating the distillation flask (i.e., increasing the temperature) at a slower rate...
will allow both liquids more time in the fractionating column (increase the number of theoretical plates, allowing liquid and vapor to equilibrate)
unit for molar mass
g/mol
Red litmus paper color changes...
Stays red for acids, turns blue for bases
In water, carbonate will undergo the following reaction:CO32-(aq) + H2O(l) → HCO3-(aq) + OH-(aq). Red litmus paper will turn blue in a base.HCl reacts with CO32- to form...CO2(g)higher Rf value meansLESS polar: move farther up the plateLower Rf value meansMORE polarThe number of neutrons can be found by...mass # - atomic #In a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals the number of what other part?protonsUnder acidic conditions, the hydroxyl group is protonated such that the leaving group is nowwater- a better LG than hydroxide ionbinary ionic compounds are made up ofa metal + nonmetalvast majority of covalent compounds are comprised exclusively ofnon-metallic elementsaqueous solutions of ionic compounds conduct electricityempirical formula showslowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of the compound, or the corresponding number of atoms per molecule.Ionization Potential (IP)energy to remove an electron from an atomA sparingly soluble metal hydroxide, M(OH)2 has a molar solubility of S mol/L at 25°C. Its Ksp value is:The Ksp for a substance, AaBb, equals [A]a[B]b. The Ksp for M(OH)2 = [M][OH-]2. If the solubility of M(OH)2 is S mol/L, then [M] = S mol/L and [OH-] = 2S mol/L. The Ksp = S(2S)2 = S(4S2) = 4S3. Thus, D is the best answer.Because heat is liberated, the dissolution of solid NaOH is an exothermic process for which the enthalpy change is...ΔH < 0As NaOH dissolves, the system becomes more random (disordered), which corresponds to a positive entropy change, and ...ΔS > 0free energy change is given byΔG = ΔH - TΔS ΔG < 0 when the value of ΔH is (-) and that of ΔS is (+), because the absolute temperature T is always (+).Molarity equationM = moles of solute/liters of solutionWhat is the geometry of the hexafluoroaluminate ion (AlF6^3-)?Arrhenius acidProduces H+ ions when dissolved in waterArrhenius baseProduces OH- ions when dissolved in waterBronsted-Lowry acidProton donor (H+ donor)Bronsted-Lowry baseproton acceptor (H+ acceptor)Lewis acidelectron pair acceptorLewis baseelectron pair donorThe abbreviation ppm stands forparts per millionIt is assumed that the molecules in an ideal gas have no _______ and that there are no interactions between __________volume; molecules