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Chapter Questions

Terms in this set (150)

What is the basic goal of crime scene processing?
limit the damage and recover as much evidence and context from the scene as possible
The police utlize five basic objectives in seeking their goals of preventing crime and disorder and protecting the life and liberty of their fellow citizens. Which two of the five objectives are more closely related to their crime scene investigation and why?
crime repression and protection of personal liberty
Why is physical evidence more objective than testimonal evidence such as eye-wtiness accounts?
because as humans we do not perceive and remember events correctly or factually
The interpretive value of evidence is a function of what?
context
Rynearson and Chisum (1989) identified five ways in which context manifests itself in the crime scene. What are they?
predictable effects, unpredictable effects, transitory effects, relational detail, functional detail
Bevel and Gardner (2008) defined four questions that the investigator should ask about evidenc. What are they?
What is it? What function did it serve? What relationship does it have to any other items of evidence or to the scene itself? What does it tell us about timing and sequencing aspects
Describe and explain the forensic linkage triangle.
victim, scene, subject; each item discovered must be considered as a mechanism for linking the scene, the victim, or the suspect in some form or fashion; every item of evidence must be considered to see if some link between the three entities is possible
Any good crime scene examination requires five key ingredients. What are they?
knowledge, skills and tools, a methodical approach, flexibility, a coordinated effort
Describe and explain the three crime scene integrity issues that the CSI considers.
addition of material to the scene; the destruction of material to the scene; the movement of material in the scene
What is the standard that the CSI uses when pursuing a solution to crime, and why is this standard necessary?
investigate to the point of beyond a reasonable doubt
Describe the differences between class and individual charactersitics of evidence.
Class: compared with a group; characteristics that are common to several objects
Individual: compare with a specific object or person; unuique resulting from natural variation, damage, or wear
Of the available methods for DNA analysis, which is the best for individualization in forensic work and why?
STR
Describe how tape is used to collect hair and fiber evidence at the crime scene.
hold two opposite edges, apply the adhesive side of the tape to the surface in question and lightly apply pressure, remove and apply to transparent plastic
When evaluating glass fractures for direction of force, which fragments can be used in the evaluation?
radial fractures present in the first concentric ring of glass fractutres in an effort to determine in which direction force was applied to pane glass
How is paint layering used to differentiate two paint samples, such as when comparing a paint sample from a hit-and-run to a suspect vehicle?
use intrsutmation to look for and differentiate the various differences between samples
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