Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

Med Surg Chapter 5

Terms in this set (32)

A patient in early labor says to the nurse, "I will pass on protection from diseases, and the baby will not ever need any shots." What is the best response by the nurse?
"Babies are born with innate (natural) immunity at birth."
"Babies are born with immunoglobulin E (IgE), an antibody that crosses the
placenta, but it only briefly protects the baby."
A school nurse starts a clean-up campaign at a local elementary school in an effort to combat allergens. What is the most common allergic response disorder?
Anaphylaxis
Asthma
A nurse is discussing the body's first and second lines of defense against infection with a community group. What does the body's first line of defense include?
Sweat
A nurse explains that a medication given to a patient with a severe inflammatory response mimics a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. To what hormone is the nurse referring?
Cortisol
With the exposure to an antigen, a nurse explains that the initiator of the inflammatory response is the presence of histamine. What is responsible for releasing histamine?
Basophils
A nurse is bathing a patient who is immunodeficient and has a Cryptococcus infestation. What is the classification of this organism?
fungus
A mosquito or a fly carries an organism that infects another living organism. What is this mode of transmission of infection?
Vector
What is the most effective method to control the spread of communicable disease?
Demonstrate and monitor a return demonstration of a good hand washing technique by the family.
An air conditioner duct cleaning is recommended by a home health nurse. What should this precaution prevent the spread of in the patient's home?
Fungi
A school nurse cautions a group of parents about children playing barefoot on dirt. To what infectious agents can this action expose the children?
Helminthes
A large, heavy, and older adult patient has a stroke and develops an infected decubitus ulcer on the sacrum during the hospital stay. Approximately 2 weeks after the patient has gone home, the patient returns to the hospital with pneumonia. What is the distinction between these two infections?
The decubitus ulcer is termed a health care-associated infection, and pneumonia is
termed a community-acquired infection.
On a visit to administer the fifth in a series of 10 antibiotic doses, a home health nurse is told that the patient is now complaining about a bothersome vaginal discharge. The nurse communicates the problem and arranges for medication. What is the most likely cause of the vaginal discharge?
Superinfection response to the antibiotic medication
Which patient diagnosis is most likely related to acquiring a health care-associated infection?
Urinary infection after the insertion of a Foley catheter
A community picnic is held. A number of the attendees become ill after the picnic. How was the pathogen acquired?
Indirect contact
A nurse caring for a patient who is immunosuppressed is diligent about protecting the patient from infection. When visitors come in, in addition to having them put on isolation attire, what should the nurse also prohibit?
Potted plant
A nurse explains that although some drugs reduce inflammation, they also hinder the body's immune response. What are examples of such drugs?
Bronchodilators and corticosteroids
A patient has had several increasingly severe allergic reactions during last year's pollen season. This year, the patient comes regularly to the office to receive some antigen injections. What education will the nurse provide regarding these injections?
They will increase tolerance to the antigen.
A patient who is receiving daily steroids for the control of a condition calls the nurse to ask advice about whether a small child who has been exposed to influenza should come and visit because she has not had any symptoms. What is the most appropriate response by the office nurse?
"No, the child should not visit. Infectious diseases are often most communicable in the short period before the child actually becomes ill."
A patient with the diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection asks what has caused the diarrhea. What is the best response by the nurse?
It is caused by a long-term antibiotic therapy
A patient receiving a large intramuscular dose of antibiotic was asked to please wait 20 to 30 minutes before checking out. What is the reason for this request?
Antibiotics are a common source of severe allergic reactions within the first few
minutes after an injection.
After receiving an injection of penicillin, a patient undergoes an anaphylactic reaction. What should the nurse do first?
Administer oxygen
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued new guidelines for infection control. Nursing care plans for patients with infection should mainly address which protocol?
Standard Precautions guidelines
Which vitamin can enhance wound healing?
Vitamin C
A patient is hospitalized with cryptococcal pneumonia and AIDS. What is the most important Standard Precaution for the health care team to implement?
Hands are washed before and after gloving.
The organs involved in immunity include the tonsils, spleen, and lymph nodes. What other
organ is involved in immunity
Liver
What is required by medical asepsis that is not required by surgical asepsis?
Good hand washing technique
The daughter of an 89-year-old resident in a long-term care facility asks if she may give her father an over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamine that she uses for seasonal allergy. What is the nurse's most appropriate response?
"No. Many antihistamines cause confusion in the older adult."
What occurrences of disease is the school nurse required to report to the health department? (Select all that apply.)
-Rubella
-Lyme disease
-Clostridium difficile
A nurse assesses a high eosinophil count in a pediatric patient. The nurse recognizes that this elevation is an indicator of ______.
ALLERGY
Persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have acquired Pneumocystis jiroveci (PCP), a serious pulmonary infection caused by ______.
Protozoa
A nurse reminds the patient who is to undergo hyperbaric oxygen therapy that the clothing worn into the chamber must be made of ______.
cotton
Prioritize the events of an antibody-mediated immunity response. ______
1. Antigen binds to a B lymphocyte.
2. Antibodies are reproduced.
3. Antibodies seek out and bind with specific antigen.
4.. Circulating antibody-antigen complexes are destroyed.
5.Antibodies are replenished.
Students also viewed