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AP BIOLOGY REVIEW: Topic 5 ~ Molecular Genetics

Terms in this set (35)

Which of the following has a DNA genome surrounded by a protein coat?
A virus
Which of the following is a labratory application of restriction enzymes?
To cut DNA molecules at specific locations
A mobile segment of DNA that travels from one location on a chromosome to another, making it an important element of genetic change
Transposon
The addition of chemical groups (CH4 for example) to certain bases of DNA after DNA synthesis; this is thought to be an important control mechanism for gene expression
DNA methylation
The synthesis of polypeptides from the genetic information coded in mRNA
Translation
The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template
Transcription
Which of these processed can cause an increase in rate of transcription?
Acetylation of histone proteins
When a virus infects a bacterium by injecting its DNA and the genome of the virus is incorporated into the host cell, this is
The lysogenic cycle of a phage
In genetic engineering, DNA ligase is used for which of the following purposes?
It seal up nicks created in newly recombinant DNA
An example of a post-transcriptional modificatioon
Poly-A-Tail
Binds to the promoter on DNA it initiate transcription
RNA polymerase
Binds to free amino acids in the cytoplasm
tRNA
Travels out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm where it served as a template in translation
mRNA
After eukaryotic transcription takes place, mRNA undergoes several modification before leaving the nucleus to take part in translation. One of these is the cutting out of nonessential sections of mRNA and the subsequent splicing together of the stretched of mRNA necessary for the final functional molecule. Which of the following mRNA sections Are spliced together into the finished mRNA molecule?
Exon
A goat can produce milk containing the same polymers present in the silk produced by spiders when particular Gene's from a spider are inserted Ito the goat's genome. Which of the following reasons describes why this is possible?
The universal nature of the genetic code allows for production of identical proteins from different organisms as long as the DNA sequence is identical
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