Genetics Mastering HW

How many chromosomes will be found in each cell during prophase?
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How many chromosomes will be found in each cell during prophase?
Enter your answer as a whole number.
10. Prophase is the first stage of mitosis. It occurs after chromosomes have been replicated in S-phase and before sister chromatids separate during anaphase. The number of chromosomes per cell is equal to the number of functional centromeres. At this stage, each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids (produced by replication during S-phase) connected by the centromere. There are 10 replicated chromosomes.
How many DNA molecules will be found in each cell during prophase?
Enter your answer as a whole number.
20. Chromosomes in prophase consist of two identical sister chromatids connected by a centromere. Sister chromatids were produced by replication during S-phase, prior to mitosis. Each sister chromatid is a DNA molecule (double helix). If there are 10 replicated chromosomes, each containing two sister chromatids, then there are 20 DNA molecules in the cell during prophase.
How many chromosomes will be found in each cell at the end of anaphase?
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20. At metaphase, the 10 replicated chromosomes line up along the midline. During anaphase when centromeres split and sister chromatids separate, each replicated chromosome becomes two unreplicated chromosomes. Because the number of chromosomes is equal to the number of functional centromeres, and each sister chromatid has a centromere, there are 20 chromosomes at the end of anaphase.
How many DNA molecules will be found in each cell at the end of anaphase?
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20. At the end of anaphase, there are 20 unreplicated chromosomes, each one is a DNA molecule.
How many chromosomes will be found in each cell after telophase/cytokinesis is completed?
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10. At the end of anaphase, there is one cell with 20 chromosomes - 10 chromosomes at one end of the cell, and 10 chromosomes at the other end. Upon completion of telophase and cytokinesis, the single cell will be split into two cells. Each cell will contain 10 chromosomes, the same amount as the original progenitor cell.
How many DNA molecules will be found in each cell after telophase/cytokinesis is completed?
Enter your answer as a whole number.
10. At the completion of telophase/cytokinesis, there will be two cells. Each cell will contain the same number of chromosomes as the progenitor cell - 10 unreplicated chromosomes. Each unreplicated chromosome is one DNA molecule. Therefore, at the end of telophase/cytokinesis, each cell will have 10 DNA molecules.
If a typical somatic cell has 64 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are expected in each gamete of that organism?
32
For the purposes of this question, assume that a G1 somatic cell nucleus in a female Myrmecia pilosula contains 2 picograms of DNA. How much DNA would be expected in a metaphase I cell of a female?
4 picograms
When do sister chromatids separate during meiosis? See Section 2.4 (Page) .
Sister chromatids, from each dyad, separate during anaphase II.
Which of the following statements about meiosis is true? See Section 2.4 (Page) .
Meiosis produces gametes, which fuse to form zygotes that have the original number of chromosomes present in a cell before meiosis. This can happen only if gametes contain one-half the number of chromosomes as the zygote.
he parent cell that enters meiosis is diploid, whereas the four daughter cells that result are haploid. Which statement correctly describes how cellular DNA content and ploidy levels change during meiosis I and meiosis II? (Note: Ignore any effects of crossing over.)DNA content is halved in both meiosis I and meiosis II. Ploidy level changes from diploid to haploid in meiosis I, and remains haploid in meiosis IIAssume that an organism exists in which crossing over does not occur, but that all other processes associated with meiosis occur normally. Consider how the absence of crossing over would affect the outcome of a single meiotic event. Which of the following statements would be true if crossing over did not occur?There would be less genetic variation among gametes.Identify the reasons why meiosis leads to significant genetic variation while mitosis does not.Through independent assortment of chromosomes at anaphase I of meiosis, daughter cells may contain different sets of maternally and paternally derived chromosomes. Crossing over happens at a much higher frequency in meiotic cells as compared with mitotic cells.A diploid cell contains three pairs of homologous chromosomes designated C1C1 and C2C2, M1M1 and M2M2, and S1S1 and S2S2; no crossing over occurs. What possible combinations of chromosomes will be present in daughter cells following mitosis?C1/C2, M1/M2, S1/S2the first meiotic metaphase?C1/C2, M1/M2, S1/S2haploid cells following both divisions of meiosis?C2, M2, S2 C2, M1, S2 C1, M1, S2 C2, M1, S1 C1, M2, S1 C2, M2, S1 C1, M1, S1 C1, M2, S2Some genes and mutations vary in their phenotypic expression. What term describes a disorder that is NOT expressed by everyone who carries a mutation?incomplete penetranceDuring meiosis, assuming no crossing over, are any possible combinations present during prophase IIII of meiosis other than AmAm BmBm CmCm, AmAm BmBm CpCp, AmAm BpBp CpCp, AmAm BpBp CmCm, ApAp BmBm CmCm, ApAp BmBm CpCp, ApAp BpBp CmCm and ApAp BpBp CpCp?noAlbinism, lack of pigmentation in humans, results from an autosomal recessive gene (a). Two parents with normal pigmentation have an albino child. What is the probability that their next child will be albino?1/4Albinism, lack of pigmentation in humans, results from an autosomal recessive gene (a). Two parents with normal pigmentation have an albino child. What is the probability that their next child will be an albino girl?1/8Polydactyly is expressed when an individual has extra fingers and/or toes. Assume that a man with six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot marries a woman with a normal number of digits. Having extra digits is caused by a dominant allele. The couple has a son with normal hands and feet, but the couple's second child has extra digits. What is the probability that their next child will have polydactyly?1/2Tightly curled or wooly hair is caused by a dominant gene in humans. If a heterozygous curly-haired person marries a person with straight hair, what percentage of their offspring would be expected to have straight hair?50% straightAssume that a black guinea pig crossed with an albino guinea pig produced 5 black offspring. When the albino was crossed with a second black guinea pig, 4 black and 3 albino offspring were produced. What genetic explanation would apply to these data?albino = recessive; black = dominantThe offspring of the P1 generation is known as the __________ generation. See Section 3.2 (Page) .F1Assuming independent assortment, what proportion of the offspring of the cross AaBbCcDd X AabbCCdd will have the aabbccdd genotype?0How many different types of gametes can be produced by an individual with the genotype AABbCCddEeFf?8Assume that a Chi-square test was conducted to test the goodness of fit to a 9:3:3:1 ratio and a Chi-square value of 10.62 was obtained. Should the null hypothesis be accepted?noAssume that a Chi-square test was conducted to test the goodness of fit to a 3:1 ratio and that a Chi-square value of 2.62 was obtained. Should the null hypothesis be accepted? How many degrees of freedom would be associated with this test of significance?yes, 1What is the probability of obtaining a triply recessive individual from parents that are AaBbCC and AABbCc?Two normal parents have five children, four normal and one albino. What are the most likely genotypes of the parents?Aa x AaA normal male and an albino female have six children, three normal and three albino. What are the most likely genotypes of the parents?A normal male and an albino female have six children, three normal and three albino. What are the most likely genotypes of the parents?Suppose that one of the normal children from Part B and one of the albino children from Part C become the parents of eight offspring. What would be the expected number of normal and albino offspring?4 normal; 4 albinoThe results of two of Mendel's crosses are shown. You want to calculate the χ2χ2 value and determine the p value for both crosses. What is the null hypothesis to be tested using χ2χ2 analysis?There is no difference between the observed values and expected values for a monohybrid cross; the data fits a 3:1 ratio.What is the expected value of full pods? Remember that expected values do not have to be whole numbers.Express your answer to two decimal points (example: 100.00).885.75