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Pretransfusion Compatibility 10

Terms in this set (15)

In which situation may pretransfusion compatibility testing be eliminated?
Massive transfusion
What could be detected in a serological crossmatch that isn't detected in an antibody screen (IAT)?
patient antibody to low-incidence antigen
Why is a hemolyzed specimen suboptimal for pretransfusion compatibility testing?
strong in vitro antigen-antibody reactivity may be masked
Which of the following are required tests for donor blood?
-transmissible disease testing
-antibody screen (IAT)
-Rh
-ABO
-Weak D if negative upon initial testing
Which of the following represent clerical errors in transfusion therapy?
-entering an incorrect crossmatch result
-misidentification of the patient
-entering incorrect ABO results into the laboratory information system (LIS)
-misidentification of an alloantibody because the lot number of cells didn't match the antigram
-misidentification of the recipient
The serological crossmatch:
detects most, but not all, ABO grouping mistakes
An electronic crossmatch may be performed if:
-two medical laboratory scientists have confirmed the patient's ABORh, and the results are concordant
-the patient's previous records show no difficulty with prior transfusion or unexpected antibodies
-no discrepancies between the ABO forward and reverse typing exist
-the current antibody screen is negative
What information is essential on patient blood sample labels drawn for compatibility testing?
unique patient medical number; A patient's name and unique identifying number are required. The system should include a mechanism to identify the collecting phlebotomist, but this does not necessarily have to be the initials. For example, an employee number could be used. Universal precautions apply when handling all patient specimens.
Which of the following apply to a trauma situation in which emergency blood is required before type and screen testing can be performed?
-Rh-positive RBCs should be avoided for females younger than and within child-bearing age
-Group O RBCs shall be selected
-Donor units must be conspicuously labeled that compatibility testing was not completed at the time of issue
-Rh-positive RBCs can be given to males and females older than child-bearing age
The "minor crossmatch," which is no longer part of routine compatibility testing, included the crossmatch of:
donor plasma with recipient cells
"All results must be recorded immediately in a permanent ledger by means of a logical system that allows them to be easily recalled." Where does this rule originate?
CFR
What percentage of unexpected alloantibodies can be detected by the antibody screen?
>99%
Blood transfused to neonates born to mothers with antibodies directed against the baby's cells:
must be crossmatch compatible with the mother's serum
False positive results in an immediate spin crossmatch can be caused by:
high molecular weight plasma expanders
A patient has the following results:
Anti-AAnti-BAnti-DRh ConA1 CellB CellAntibody Screen
Crossmatch
Donor Unit
W1063101
A Negative
4+00003+NegativeI.S. 1+
Of the following, what is the most likely reason for the 1+ incompatible crossmatch result at immediate spin?
Group of answer choices
Patient has anti-A1 antibodies not detected in the reverse type.; Of the answers provided, the most likely cause of the patient's 1+ incompatible crossmatch is due to anti-A1 antibodies that were not detected in the reverse grouping. The A1 antigen expression on the particular donor unit crossmatched could be higher than the A1 antigen expression of the reagent red blood cells. Furthermore, anti-A1 is most often a cold-reactive antibody that might appear in an immediate spin crossmatch.
If the donor were truly Weak D positive, there wouldn't be an issue crossmatching Rh-negative blood at immediate spin (I.S.)
The antibody screen is meant to detect >99% of clinically significant unexpected antibodies and usually does not include a room temperature, immediate spin phase. Antibodies that react at room temperature only are not detected in an antibody screen.
Antibodies to high incidence antigens are extremely rare, and are likely to react with every cell in an antibody screen.
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