Commercial agricultural characterized by the integration of different steps in the food processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations
Dietary energy consumptionThe amount of food that an individual consumes, measured in kilocaloriesdouble croppingHarvesting twice a year from the same field.food securityPhysical, social, and economic access at all times to safe and nutritious food sufficient to meet dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.GMOGenetically modified organism made when DNA is removed from one organism and placed within the DNA of what can be a very different organism.grainSeed of a cereal grassGreen RevolutionRapid diffusion of new agricultural technology, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers.HorticultureThe growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers.intensive subsistence agricultureA form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land.Milk shedThe area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied.mixed crop and livestock farmingCommercial farming characterized by integration of crops and livestock; most of the crops are fed to animals rather than consumed directly by humans.No tillageA farming practice that leaves all of the soil undisturbed and the entire residue of the previous year's harvest left untouched on the fields.Overfishingcapturing fish faster than they can reproducePaddyMalay word for wet rice, commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah.Pastoral NomadismA form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals.PlantationA large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale, usually to a more developed country.Prime agriculture landthe most productive farmlandRanchingA form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area.Ridge TillageSystem of planting crops on ridge tops, in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation.SawahA flooded field for growing riceshifting cultivationA form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period.slash and burn agricultureAnother name for shifting cultivation, so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris.subsistence agricultureAgriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's familySwiddenA patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning.TranshumanceThe seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures.truck farmingCommercial gardening and fruit farming, so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities.UndernourishmentDietary energy consumption that is continuously below the minimum requirement for maintaining a healthy life and carrying out light physical activity.Wet Ricerice planted on dry land in a nursery and then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growthSecond Agricultural Revolutiondovetailing with and benefiting from the Industrial Revolution, the Second Agricultural Revolution witnessed improved methods of cultivation, harvesting, and storage of farm products.Community supplies agricultureintensive farmingagriculture that involves greater inputs of capital and paid labor relative to the space being usedColumbian ExchangeThe global movement of plants and animals between afro-Eurasia amd the americasMonocroppingAn agricultural method that utilizes large plantings of a single species or varietyBid rent theorygeographical economic theory that refers to how the price and demand on real estate changes as the distance towards the Central Business District (CBD) increases.SustainabilityThe ability to keep in existence or maintain. A sustainable ecosystem is one that can be maintainedVEGITATIVE PLANTINGreproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plantsdispersedscattered, spread, broken upclusteredGathered closely together in a groupLinearstraight lineModel of Agricultural Land UseModel that suggests a pattern for the types of products and that farmers would produce at different positions relative to the market they sold their goodsFeedlotsPlaces where livestock are concentrated in a very small area and raised on hormones and hearty grains that prepare them for slaughter at a much more rapid rate than grazing; often referred to as factory farms.combinescutting, threshing, and cleaning machines used in farmingfood chainA series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eatenlong lotsA system of farming where lots up to a half mile or more extend back from a river, which farmers use as their primary means of hauling their agricultural products to the market.Metes and BoundsA method of land description which involves identifying distances and directions and makes use of both the physical boundaries and measurements of the land.township and rangeA rectangular land division scheme designed by Thomas Jefferson to disperse settlers evenly across farmlands of the U.S. interior.LocavorsPeople who eat locallyfood desertUrban zones that lack food stores
