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Personal Health Exam 2 Study Questions

Terms in this set (204)

Methadone poisoning is a leading drug-related reason for emergency department visits.
True or False?
False
Nonsmokers are affected by the environmental tobacco smoke for hours after they leave a smoke filled room.
True or False?
True
Which statement is correct regarding clove cigarettes?
A) These typically contain fewer toxic components than regular tobacco.
B) Tar and nicotine content is roughly double that of regular cigarettes.
C) Health risks of clove cigarettes are about the same as those posed by cigars.
D) These are a safe alternative to regular tobacco cigarettes.
Tar and nicotine content is roughly double that of regular cigarettes.
Janis has been drinking at a party and is starting to stagger when she walks. Her speech is slurred. Her blood alcohol concentration is most likely in the range of ...
A)0.01% - 0.05%.
B)0.10% - 0.15%.
C)0.20% - 0.30%.
D)0.35% - 0.40%.
0.10%-0.15%
Which is the MOST widespread single cause of death for smokers?
A) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B) coronary heart disease
C) lung cancer
D) emphysema
Coronary Heart Disease
Asian Americans have a lower rate of alcohol abuse, but a higher prevalence of hepatitis B.
True or False?
True
The younger a person is when they quit, the more health benefits they will experience.
True or False?
True
Which racial/ethnic group has the lowest rate of smoking (averaging men and women of the group together)?
A) Asian
B) non-Hispanic whites
C) non-Hispanic blacks
D) Hispanics or Latinos
Asian
Which best describes the reason that tobacco use persists in the United States?
A) Most restaurants have resisted becoming smoke-free for fear of losing profits.
B) Aggressive lobbying efforts by the tobacco industry results in limitations on FDA regulations.
C) Colleges and universities refuse to ban smoking on campus.
D) Americans do not find the cost of cigarettes to be a burden.
Aggressive lobbying efforts by the tobacco industry results in limitations on FDA regulations.
Which is correct regarding the rate of alcohol metabolism?
A)Metabolism occurs at the same rate in all people.
B)Rate of metabolism varies based on individual characteristics.
C)Intoxication increases the rate of metabolism.
D)Metabolism occurs at a constant rate within each person.
Rate of metabolism varies based on individual characteristics.
The view that addiction is based in brain chemistry implies that people are not responsible for their addictive behaviors.
True or False?
False
Everyone who drinks, even if they're not suffering from an alcohol use disorder, will develop tolerance over time.
True or False?
True
Metabolic rate of alcohol is unaffected by exercise.
True or False?
True
A chemical that causes cancer only in combination with another chemical is called a
A)carcinogen.
B)cocarcinogen.
C)metacarcinogen.
D)semicarcinogen.
Cocarcinogen
It takes about 5-10 minutes for nicotine to reach the brain via the bloodstream after it has been inhaled.
True or False?
False
Which statement is correct regarding cigar smoking?
A) Cigars are most popular among African American males.
B) Cigar smoking rarely results in nicotine addiction.
C) It releases fewer toxins and carcinogens than smoking cigarettes.
D) As long as the smoker does not inhale, they will not be ingesting nicotine.
Cigars are most popular among African American males.
Which type of wine has the highest concentration of alcohol?
A) varietal
B) red table wine
C) white table wine
D) sherry or port wine
Sherry or Port Wine
Which is correct regarding the rate of absorption of chemicals into the body when smoking?
A)The last third of the cigarette provides the greatest rate of absorption.
B)The first third of the cigarette provides the greatest rate of absorption.
C)Absorption is greatest when the midpoint of the cigarette is reached.
D)Absorption is at a constant rate as the cigarette is smoked.
The last third of the cigarette provides the greatest rate of absorption.
You're headed out with your buddies for happy hour. You want to restrict yourself to no more than two "standard drinks". You've decided you'd like to try the rye whiskey your friend raves about and you looked online to find it is 80-proof. What is the maximum number of ounces can you consume and stay within your two-drink limit?
A)1.5 ounces
B)2 ounces
C)3 ounces
D)4 ounces
3 Ounces
How does smoking cause lung cancer?
A) Genetic mutations occur as a result of exposure to benzopyrene.
B) Cancer is the result of reduction of high-density lipoproteins in the blood.
C) Exposure to arsenic causes poisoning, which results in cancer.
D) Reduction of low-density lipoproteins in the blood allow for plaque accumulation in the lung which progresses to cancer.
Genetic mutations occur as a result of exposure to benzopyrene.
Which BEST describes the relationship between coronary heart disease and smoking?
A) Smokers and nonsmokers are equally likely to die from coronary heart disease.
B) Angina pectoris, a symptom of coronary heart disease, occurs only in smokers.
C) Smokers are most likely to die from coronary heart disease in their 60s and 70s.
D) Smoking promotes plaque formation by lowering high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Smoking promotes plaque formation by lowering high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Fetal alcohol disorder is the result of a nursing mother passing alcohol to her infant through her breast milk.
True or False?
False
Which substance can be found in the bloodstream of a nonsmoker five hours after exposure to environmental tobacco smoke?
A)carbon monoxide
B)nicotine
C)tar
D)hydrogen cyanide
Carbon Monoxide
Your friend is very drunk, you are sober. You want to be helpful. Which action is most productive in the short term?
A) Remind them of how much they've had to drink and what the consequences are likely to be.
B) Give them a cold shower to increase alertness.
C) Prepare a healthy meal for them and encourage them to drink several glasses of water.
D) Stay close by and monitor them to be ready to help if they stop breathing.
Stay close by and monitor them to be ready to help if they stop breathing.
Which statement BEST describes alcohol use among African Americans?
A)African Americans are more likely than members of other racial or ethnic groups to be victims of alcohol-related homicides, criminal assaults, and injuries.
B)African American women are less likely to abstain from alcohol than white women.
C)Urban African American males begin drinking later in life than urban white males.
D)African Americans consume more alcohol than the average for American adults.
African Americans consume more alcohol than the average for American adults.
Which is not a legal form of tobacco advertising?
A)television ads
B)coupons and related promotions
C)smoking in films
D)magazine advertisements
Television ads
As a youth counselor you are concerned about a 14-year-old who reports he is drinking 4-5 drinks daily. What effect on brain health is most concerning to you based on this individual's age and behavior?
A)interference with neurogenesis
B)disrupted neurotransmitter function
C)production of acetaldehyde
D)neurotransmitter uptake of acetate
Interference with neurogenesis
High blood alcohol concentration is most likely to increase
A)pain threshold.
B)cognitive function.
C)sociability.
D)respiration.
Pain Threshold
Which statement about acute alcoholic pancreatitis is FALSE?
A) It generally occurs in binge drinkers.
B) It is accompanied by nausea, vomiting and severe pain.
C) Jaundice is its primary symptom.
D) It can be fatal.
Jaundice is its primary symptom.
Based solely on statistical probability from demographic studies, which individual has the greatest likelihood of being a smoker?
A) Laura, a 35-year-old white woman who is an electrical engineer
B) Lucinda, a 23-year-old Hispanic woman who is an elementary school teacher
C) Kanye, a 47-year-old biracial man whose highest education level is a GED
D) Binh, a 65-year-old Asian man with a high school diploma who is retired
Kanye, a 47-year old biracial man whose highest education level is a GED.
What is the average life-stage at which Americans begin to smoke or use smokeless tobacco?
A)pre-puberty
B)mid-teens
C)post high-school
D)late adulthood
Mid-Teens
Which statement BEST describes Alcoholics Anonymous?
A) It is based on one-on-one sessions with a mentor.
B) It teaches alcoholics to reach within themselves for the power to conquer their addiction.
C) It encourages verbalization of responsibility for the addiction.
D) It encourages members to stay away from other recovering alcoholics.
It encourages verbalization of responsibility for the addiction.
Ami has seasonal allergies. You're out for dinner, and as she is finishing her second glass of wine, she remembers that it's time for her next dose of Benadryl. Why are you concerned about her taking it in combination with her alcohol?
A)The combination can cause gastrointestinal bleeding.
B)There is an increased risk for CNS depression.
C)The alcohol and Benadryl can combine to raise her blood sugar to dangerous levels.
D)Both substances will cause elevation of heart rate and blood pressure.
There is an increased risk for CNS depression.
Which statement about nicotine and addiction is true?
A) Nicotine is psychologically addictive, but evidence shows that it is not physically addictive.
B) The most common physical reaction to nicotine at low doses is a sedative effect.
C) Young people who start smoking become addicted, but people who start smoking as adults do not.
D) Some researchers believe nicotine is the more physically addictive than cocaine and heroin.
Some researchers believe nicotine is the more physically addictive than cocaine and heroin.
A primary characteristic of cirrhosis is destruction of digestive enzymes.
True or False?
False
Which is NOT a characteristic of emphysema?
A) decreased lung elasticity
B) shortness of breath
C) cardiac damage
D) excess bronchial mucus production
Excess bronchial mucus production.
Which is correct regarding alcoholism among white men?
A) It almost always develops after age 50.
B) Job loss or demotion is the primary contributing factor.
C) The condition often begins with heavy drinking in the teens or twenties, developing clear signs of alcoholism by the late thirties.
D) Alcoholism among white men is much more prevalent than other racial/ethnic groups.
The condition often begins with heavy drinking in the teens or twenties, developing clear signs of alcoholism by the late thirties.
Matt quit smoking, Paul did not. How long will it take for Matt's risk of dying from lung cancer to drop to half of the risk that Paul faces?
A)6 months
B)1 year
C)5 years
D)10 years
10 Years
Dennis's friend Alicia is heavily intoxicated. Dennis should call 911 if she
A) passes out and he can't wake her.
B) becomes nauseous.
C) continues drinking.
D) starts to stumble and slur her words.
Passes out and he can't wake her.
Which is the BEST strategy to help a friend who has an alcohol problem?
A)Take your friend to an alcohol treatment facility even if it means taking them against their wishes.
B)Create excuses for your friend when he or she relapses.
C)Explicitly point out to your friend that you think they have a problem with alcohol.
D)Be patient and when your friend admits to having a drinking problem, call their parents to encourage them to help.
Explicitly point out to your friend that you think they have a problem with alcohol.
Increased risk of breast cancer occurs only in women who drink heavily, not in those who drink moderately.
True or False?
False
What has the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency determined about environmental tobacco smoke?
A)The EPA has made no determinations about environmental tobacco smoke.
B)It has been designated as an environmental cocarcinogen.
C)They have determined that it is safe at low or moderate levels.
D)They have designated it a Class A carcinogen.
The have designated it a Class A carcinogen.
The majority of tobacco-related deaths are due to heart disease.
True or False?
True
Hydrogen cyanide is the primary psychoactive ingredient in tobacco.
True or False?
False
Coordination and cognition are still affected even after blood alcohol concentration returns to zero.
True or False?
True
Alcohol is beneficial in the treatment of antisocial personality disorder due to its tendency to lower inhibitions.
True or False?
False
An individual with which genetic predisposition is LEAST likely to continue smoking if they try it?
A)a person with the fast-metabolizing genetic variant of the CYP2A6 enzyme
B)a person with the slow-metabolizing genetic variant of the CYP2A6 enzyme
C)a person who lacks the DRD2 gene
D)Genetic variations play no role in nicotine addiction risk.
A person with the slow-metabolizing genetic variant of the CYP2A6 enzyme.
Which statement is correct regarding the rate of metabolism of alcohol?
A) Chronic drinkers metabolize it faster than occasional drinkers.
B) Occasional drinkers metabolize it faster than chronic drinkers.
C) Caffeine intake enhances metabolism.
D) Eating a large meal enhances metabolism.
Chronic drinkers metabolize it faster than occasional drinkers.
Physical effects of alcohol are felt as early as a blood alcohol concentration of
A)0.01-0.02%
B)0.03-0.05%.
C)0.06-0.08%.
D)0.08-0.10%.
0.03%-0.05%
Members of which racial/ethnic group are LEAST likely to drink alcohol compared to other groups?
A)non-Hispanic whites
B)American Indians and Alaska Natives
C)African Americans
D)Latinos
American Indians and Alaska Natives
Which individual will probably have the highest blood alcohol concentration after consuming three drinks in 1 hour?
A)a 140-pound woman with 30% body fat
B)a 140-pound man with 11% body fat
C)a 170-pound man with 25% body fat
D)a 170-pound woman with 15% body fat
A 140-pound woman with 30% body fat.
A cocarcinogen is a substance that is known to cause cancer.
True or False?
False
Which is a sign of a serious alcohol use disorder?
A) drinking in the morning
B) feeling less awkward in social settings after drinking
C) consuming two drinks before dinner daily
D) drinking with friends on the weekends
Drinking in the morning.
People who drink three or more drinks per day have an increased risk of liver damage when taking acetaminophen.
True or False?
True
You're trying to lose a little weight, which alcoholic drink will be the best choice based on calorie content?
A)5-ounce glass of white wine
B)3-ounce margarita
C)12-ounce beer
D)6-ounce rum and Coke
5-Ounce glass of white wine.
Mike works as a nurse in a local community hospital. He uses e-cigarettes. He used to smoke but switched because his girlfriend didn't like the exposure to secondhand smoke. Which health concern is MOST significant in Mike's situation?
A) leukoplakia
B) gingivitis
C) infection with antibiotic-resistant bacteria
D) osteoporosis
Infection with antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Overuse of alcohol often results in which long-term health problem?
A)bleeding of the gastrointestinal tract
B)brain hypertrophy
C)increased risk of lung cancer
D)increased sperm production
Bleeding of the gastrointestinal tract.
Which group is MOST likely to smoke?
A) alcoholics
B) people with major depression
C) people with social phobias
D) young people
Alcoholics
Cardiovascular disease caused by the formation of arterial plaques is known as
A)angina pectoris.
B)myocardial infarction.
C)atherosclerosis.
D)hypercholesterolemia.
Atherosclerosis
Nicotine at high doses can be lethal.
True or False?
True
Which is the BEST description of the effect of carbonation on the body's absorption of alcohol?
A)Carbonation slows the absorption rate, increasing impairment.
B)Carbonation speeds the absorption rate, increasing impairment.
C)Carbonation affects the absorption rate through alteration of pancreatic enzymes.
D)Carbonation affects the liver's capacity to process alcohol, slowing the rate of impairment.
Carbonation speeds the absorption rate, increasing impairment.
Which symptom is associated with low blood alcohol concentration?
A)reduction in motor function skills
B)sensory function impairment
C)light-headedness
D)impaired speech
Light-headedness
Cultural aspects specific to African Americans make them particularly resistant to the treatment paradigm of Alcoholics Anonymous.
True or False?
False
What role does potassium citrate play in cigarettes?
A) It enhances the flavor.
B) It increases the acidity of tobacco smoke.
C) It boosts the amount of nicotine absorbed into the blood.
D) It makes sidestream smoke less irritating to nonsmokers.
It makes sidestream smoke less irritating to nonsmokers.
The risk of lung cancer death is unaffected by length of exposure to smoking.
True or False?
False
Theobromine is a tobacco additive that is included primarily to reduce the acidity of tobacco smoke.
True or False?
False
An 80-proof beverage contains ________ alcohol.
A)8 percent
B)30 percent
C)40 percent
D)80 percent
40 Percent
Where is most alcohol absorbed into the bloodstream?
A) pancreas
B) small intestine
C) stomach
D) oral mucosa
Small Intestine
You prefer to drink only in safe social settings and only to a limited amount. Which beverage would provide you with the LEAST quantity of ethyl alcohol?
A)5-ounce glass of liqueur at 24% alcohol
B)8-ounce glass of red wine at 12% alcohol
C)16-ounce stein of beer at 6% alcohol
D)16-ounce mixed drink made with 2 ounces of 80-proof rum
5-ounce glass of liqueur at 24% alcohol.
Which toxic substance is responsible for the symptoms of flushing syndrome?
A)alcohol dehydrogenase
B)acetaldehyde
C)acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
D)acetate
Acetaldehyde
Al's blood alcohol concentration is measured at 0.35%. What is his likely condition?
A) mild euphoria
B) staggering gait
C) depression and confusion
D) coma
Coma
What is the relationship between smoking and mortality in the United States?
A)COPD is the leading cause of death among smokers.
B)Almost half a million Americans die from tobacco related illnesses yearly.
C)On average, smokers live five years less than nonsmokers.
D)Environmental tobacco smoke causes fewer than 1,000 deaths each year.
Almost half a million Americans die from tobacco related illnesses yearly.
You and your friend are the same weight, but you're a full 5" taller than she is. Her percent body fat is much higher than yours. Which is the correct statement regarding how you will likely respond to alcohol based on your height, weight, and body composition?
A)Your friend will develop a higher BAC than you do even if you drink the same amount.
B)You will develop a higher BAC than your friend because alcohol will concentrate in her more extensive body fat stores.
C)Because you're 5"taller, your BAC will be lower due to the greater body surface area.
D)You will both develop the same BAC if you drink the same amount.
Your friend will develop a higher BAC than you do even if you drink the same amount.
Which of the following statements is true regarding smokers who use low-tar or low-nicotine cigarettes?
A) They tend to take smaller puffs and take longer to smoke each cigarette.
B) They do not inhale as deeply.
C) They are more likely to quit than smokers of regular cigarettes.
D) They have been found to inhale up to eight times the tar and nicotine printed on the label.
They have been found to inhale up to eight times the tar and nicotine printed on the label.
The American Psychiatric Association classifies the severity of a substance use disorder based on the number of substances a person uses.
True or False?
False
Which is an immediate effect of nicotine?
A) reduced blood sugar
B) reduced heart rate
C) inhibition of urine production
D) lowered blood pressure
Inhibition of urine production.
Which is true regarding fetal alcohol syndrome?
A)Affected babies are generally born past their due date.
B)Both physical and mental impairments are characteristics of FAS.
C)About 1 in every 50 live births is affected by FAS.
D)The effects of FAS are usually reversed by the time the child is 5 years old.
Both physical and mental impairments are characteristics of FAS.
Which is true regarding caffeinated alcoholic beverages?
A) They may contribute to a higher alcohol intake when compared to non-caffeinated alcoholic beverages.
B) They are metabolized faster than non-caffeinated alcoholic beverages.
C) They have a lower alcohol content than other canned drinks such as beer.
D) They contain the same amount of caffeine as standard soft drinks.
They may contribute to a higher alcohol intake when compared to non-caffeinated alcoholic beverages.
Which has NOT been associated with teenage tobacco use?
A)limited family income
B)poor educational performance
C)living in a single-parent household
D)having same-sex parents
Having same-sex parents.
What is the psychoactive ingredient in alcoholic beverages?
A) ethyl alcohol
B) methyl alcohol
C) isopropyl alcohol
D) ethylene glycol
Ethyl Alcohol
Which is an example of a secondary reinforcer?
A) smoking one cigarette after another
B) alternating between cigarettes and spit tobacco
C) smoking when you study
D) switching from a "low tar" cigarette to one with higher nicotine content
Smoking when you study.
Which statement is correct regarding metabolism of alcohol?
A)The greatest proportion of absorption and metabolism occurs in the oral mucosa and this is felt as a burning sensation when you hold the alcohol in your mouth prior to swallowing it.
B)A small portion of ingested alcohol is not metabolized and is excreted unchanged through the breath, urine and sweat.
C)Metabolism of alcohol is a one-step process and is accomplished through the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase.
D)Alcohol does NOT cross the blood-brain barrier.
A small portion of ingested alcohol is not metabolized and is excreted unchanged through the breath, urine, and sweat.
Snus is a form of tobacco that is inhaled through the nose.
True or False?
False
Which statement BEST describes teenagers who smoke?
A)Less than half who ever try cigarettes become daily users.
B)About half of those who ever smoke daily progress to nicotine dependence.
C)Most enjoy the fact that they smoke and wish to continue.
D)Most fear they will be unable to stop smoking when they want to.
About half of those who ever smoke daily progress to nicotine dependence.
What is the current understanding regarding the health benefits of small amounts of alcohol intake?
A)There is no definitive evidence that drinking any amount of alcohol at any age has any health benefits.
B)Women over age 65 who drink light amounts of alcohol saw some blood- and heart-related health benefits.
C)Light drinkers in their 20s and 30s may live slightly longer than nondrinkers and heavy drinkers.
D)There is definitive evidence that light drinking can reduce the risk of a heart attack.
There is no definitive evidence that drinking any amount of alcohol at any age has any health benefits.
Use of e-cigarettes among high school students more than doubled between 2011 and 2015.
True or False?
True
Social pressures are a primary reason for men relapsing to smoking.
True or False?
True
Which is the BEST strategy for protecting yourself if you suspect another driver is drunk?
A) Stay close so you can read the license plate.
B) Honk until the driver pulls over.
C) Speed up so that you increase the space between you and the drunk driver.
D) Turn off at the earliest opportunity.
Turn off at the earliest opportunity.
Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder typically presents with extensive physical deformities.
True or False?
True
How many ounces of alcohol are contained in a standard drink?
A)0.6
B)1.6
C)2.6
D)3.6
0.6
Zyban's mechanism of action is to replace nicotine in the system.
True or False?
False - page 288 says it is not a nicotine replacement.
What is the primary purpose of respiratory cilia?
A)to signal the body that respiratory poisons are present
B)to absorb soot and dust
C)to facilitate gas exchange
D)to clear mucus out of the lungs
To clear mucus out of the lungs.
Bill visits his doctor, who advises him that his smoking has placed him at increased risk for coronary heart disease. Which effect is LEAST likely to contribute to his risk of coronary heart disease as a result of smoking?
A)elevation of high-density lipoprotein
B)carbon monoxide displacing oxygen
C)acceleration of heart rate
D)promotion of plaque formation
Elevation of high-density lipoprotein.
Which smoking cessation product is available over the counter?
A)nicotine inhalers
B)nicotine lozenges
C)bupropion (Zyban)
D)varenicline (Chantix)
Nicotine Lozenges
Overall rates smoking are consistent between non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanic blacks.
True or False?
True
Cindy uses injected amphetamines to stay awake at her night job. Which symptom is most likely in the morning when the drug wears off?
A)appetite suppression
B)vigor and euphoria
C)uneasiness and irritability
D)increased mental clarity
Uneasiness and irritability.
Men have a higher death rate from cirrhosis than women.
True or False?
True
What is the effect of eating before and while drinking?
A)Peak blood alcohol concentration will be accelerated due to the metabolic stimulus of food in the gut.
B)Peak blood alcohol concentration will be reduced.
C)Metabolism of food transfers absorption of alcohol to the small intestine.
D)Eating while drinking alcohol prevents absorption of alcohol.
Peak blood alcohol concentration will be reduced.
Infants born to mothers who drink during pregnancy are at risk of
A) cirrhosis of the liver.
B) alcohol-related cardiac myopathy.
C) fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.
D) chronic pancreatitis.
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
Which state successfully achieved the Healthy People 2010 target for smoking?
A) West Virginia
B) California
C) Kentucky
D) Utah
Utah
A light beer contains the same amount of alcohol as a regular beer.
True or False?
False
A regular drinker who used to experience the effect of alcohol after two drinks now requires at least four to get the same desired effect; this is known as ________.
A)withdrawal
B)tolerance
C)antagonism
D)inhibition
Tolerance
Which statement is correct regarding the long-term effects of tobacco use?
A)Beginning to smoke at age 15 cuts life expectancy in half.
B)Long-term smoking appears to hasten thinning of the cerebral cortex.
C)Smoking is responsible for almost all cases of sinusitis in the United States.
D)Long-term smoking is worse for men than for women.
Long-term smoking appears to hasten thinning of the cerebral cortex. - page 278
Geri has quit smoking. Which change can she expect to occur first?
A)improvement in olfactory sense
B)decrease in risk of stroke
C)improvement in circulation
D)30% improvement in lung function
Improvement in olfactory sense. - Page 286.- Going to ask him about this one to double check. Olfactory means smell.
A breastfeeding mother who smokes may pass more chemicals to her infant through breastfeeding than the infant receives through exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.
True or False?
True
Which is NOT characteristic of addictive behavior?
A)ignoring the risk of the behavior
B)craving
C)impulse control
D)relapse and remission
Impulse Control - page 218
Ethanol is one of many toxic substances found in tobacco smoke.
True or False?
False
An individual who has been a drinker for years will metabolize alcohol at a slower rate than an individual who drinks only rarely.
True or False?
False
The incidence of smoking in films has remained steady since 1990.
True or False?
False - Page 272
Frederick, age 20, smokes on the weekends when he is out with friends. Which statement is correct?
A)His behavior fits into the pattern of an increase in the number of"occasional smokers"over the past two decades.
B)His purchase of tobacco would be considered illegal in most states.
C)His age group demographic (18-24) has experienced the largest increase in use of tobacco products since 2005.
D)Because he only smokes on the weekends, his health will not be adversely affected.
His behavior fits into the pattern of an increase in the number of "occasional smokers" over the past two decades.
Which statement is correct regarding the process of quitting smoking?
A)Telephone quitlines are useful only for people who are ill.
B)Some telephone quitlines provide stop-smoking medications at reduced prices.
C)Research shows that stopping "cold turkey" is most effective.
D)Only heavy smokers experience withdrawal symptoms.
Some telephone quit lines provide stop-smoking medications at reduced prices. - Page 288
Which statement is FALSE regarding the relationship between alcohol and aggression?
A)Alcohol is often found in the blood of both victims and perpetrators.
B)In excess, alcohol can exacerbate antisocial personality disorder.
C)About 35% of all arrests happen for drug and alcohol related offenses.
D)Alcohol use has been shown to contribute to physical and sexual abuse.
About 35% of all arrests happen for drug and alcohol related offenses. - It's actually 80% - Page 250
The rate of alcohol metabolism can be affected by genetic factors and race/ethnicity.
True or False?
True
Which blood cells are responsible for engulfing foreign particles from the respiratory tract?
A)erythrocytes
B)blastocysts
C)leukocysts
D)macrophages
Macrophages
Which is correct regarding pulmonary heart disease?
A) It primarily affects the aorta.
B) It is a disorder of the right side of the heart.
C) It is the result of an aortic aneurysm.
D) The most common symptom is angina pectoris.
It is a disorder of the right side of the heart.
Long-term effects of chronic alcohol include brain hypertrophy?
True or False?
False - it's brain atrophy - page 253-254
Which statement is correct regarding spit tobacco?
A)Spit tobacco is safer for pregnant woman to use than cigarettes.
B)Spit tobacco is less addictive than cigarettes.
C)Spit tobacco has its highest rate of use in the 18-26 age group.
D)Spit tobacco does not contain carcinogens.
Spit tobacco has its highest rate of use in the 18-26 age group.
________ is formed when particles of tobacco smoke condense.
A)Snuff
B)Tar
C)Nicotine
D)Stearic acid
Tar
Which component in tobacco triggers the release of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine?
A)phenol
B)nicotine
C)benzopyrene
D)ethanol
Nicotine
According to the 2017 Monitoring the Future survey, more twelfth graders used cigarettes than used cigarettes than used marijuana.
True or False?
False - 9.7% use cigarettes, 22.9% use marijuana
As a Public Health Specialist you have been tasked with addressing preventable causes of premature death. Which area of focus is likely to provide the greatest impact?
A) breast cancer awareness campaigns
B) tobacco use prevention
C) mitigating lead poisoning
D) seatbelt utilization rules
Tobacco use prevention. (I guessed this one but this is the only one we've talked about so?)
Which is a classic characteristic of alcoholism?
A) For some people, it can occur following just one alcohol-related incident.
B) Alcoholism may or may not have negative consequences for the abuser.
C) It causes the drinker to become more sociable.
D) Alcoholics require a larger quantity of alcohol to feel its effects.
Alcoholics require a larger quantity of alcohol to feel its effects.
What is the name of the condition in which the gums of a spit tobacco user become inflamed?
A) leukoplakia
B) gingivitis
C) dental caries
D) oral cancer
Gingivitis
Which is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women?
A) lung
B) breast
C) ovarian
D) pancreatic
Lung
Which is associated with cirrhosis?
A)loss of digestive enzymes
B)accelerated metabolism of alcohol
C)increased pancreatic production of insulin
D)enlarged fragile esophageal veins
Enlarged fragile esophageal veins. - Page 254
A driver with a blood alcohol of ________ would be considered over the legal limit in the United States.
A)0.01%
B)0.02%
C)0.05%
D)0.08%
0.08%
People who have alcohol use disorder often have psychological disorders.
True or False?
True (?)
Which statement is true regarding alcoholics in the United States?
A)The vast majority of alcoholics are poor and homeless.
B)Alcoholics are usually college students.
C)Over half of alcoholics require some sort of treatment program to help them attain sobriety.
D)Most binge drinkers are alcoholics.
Over half of alcoholics require some sort of treatment program to help them attain sobriety.
Which statement describes the effect of the enzyme CYP2A6 on nicotine addiction?
A)Individuals with fast-metabolizing CYP2A6 are more likely to try cigarettes for the first time.
B)Individuals with slow-metabolizing CYP2A6 are less likely to feel sick when they first use nicotine.
C)The pleasurable results of nicotine are enhanced in individuals with slow-metabolizing CYP2A6 enzyme.
D)Those with the slow-metabolizing CYP2A6 enzyme may have an easier time quitting successfully.
Those with the slow-metabolizing CYP2A6 enzyme may have an easier time quitting successfully.
Sam has decided to quit smoking. It's been 12 hours since his last cigarette and he has been experiencing physical withdrawal symptoms. How soon can he expect these physical symptoms to stop?
A) within another couple of hours
B) 2 to 3 days
C) 3 to 4 weeks
D) 3 to 5 months
2 to 3 Days
Brain shrinkage due to alcohol use includes loss of gray matter only.
True or False?
False - gray and white - page 254
Emphysema is a category of disorder that includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as well as chronic bronchitis.
True or False?
True - page 278
Which cigarette additive is used to enhance nicotine absorption?
A)ammonia
B)potassium citrate
C)formaldehyde
D)sugar
Ammonia
Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder is characterized by several prominent physical characteristics and is incurable.
True or False?
False
"Ice" is a street name for
A) opioids.
B) barbiturates.
C) heroin.
D) methamphetamine.
Methamphetamine
When a plaque completely blocks a coronary artery, the result is
A)atherosclerosis.
B)a myocardial infarction.
C)an aortic aneurysm.
D) an aortic coarctation.
A myocardial infarction
Sam quit smoking cold turkey two days ago. Which withdrawal symptom is he likely to experience in those first two days?
A) asthma
B) euphoria
C) decreased urine production
D) insomnia
Insomnia
Which of the following will increase the rate of alcohol absorption into the bloodstream?
A)carbonation
B)food in the stomach
C)drinking highly concentrated beverages such as hard liquor
D)None of the answer choices are correct.
Carbonation
Which statement is correct regarding e-cigarettes?
A)They are recommended by the FDA as a cigarette alternative.
B)They contain tobacco.
C)E-cigarettes produce nanoparticles linked to inflammation.
D)Nicotine-free e-cigarettes are free of chemicals that could be damaging.
E-cigarettes produce nanoparticles linked to inflammation.
In adults, nicotine can enhance alertness and information processing.
True or False?
True - page 270
Which is the best description of a psychoactive drug?
A) It increases metabolic rate.
B) Intoxication is a primary effect.
C) A prescription is required for these substances.
D) Analgesia is a primary effect.
Intoxication is a primary effect.
A person who meets ________ of the DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorder would be categorized as having a moderate substance use disorder.
A)2
B)3
C)5
D)7
5
An episode of binge drinking is accompanied by an increased risk of ________ within 24 hours of the binge drinking.
A)cardiac disintegration
B)cardiac atrophy
C)cardiac arrhythmia
D)cardiac myopathy
Cardiac arrhythmia
Having sex with someone who is drunk is rape.
True or False?
True
As of 2018, the FDA has the power to
A)ban the sale of nicotine-containing products.
B)remove menthol cigarettes from store shelves.
C)prohibit manufacturers from distributing free samples.
D)dismantle corporations that manufacture tobacco.
Prohibit manufacturers from distributing free samples.
Sandra and Steve both smoke; they have two children, 6-year-old Callie and 10-month-old Evan. Which member of the household is likely most at risk from thirdhand smoke?
A) Steve
B) Sandra
C) Callie
D) Evan
Evan
Which is NOT a risk factor for alcoholism?
A)living in a rural area near extended family
B)a biological parent or sibling who is an alcoholic
C)a fraternal twin who is an alcoholic
D)growing up in an abusive household
Living in a rural area near extended family.
You went to a frat party where they were serving beer from a keg. You drank over the course of the party and thankfully did not try to drive home because your friend had a portable breathalyzer test that showed you had a BAC of 0.20%. Which description is likely to be most accurate about your condition at the party?
A)You were mildly euphoric and should be able to metabolize the alcohol in 2-3 hours.
B)Your reflexes were slower, and you should be able to metabolize the alcohol in 3-5 hours.
C)You were severely impaired, and it will take 10-20 hours for you to metabolize the alcohol.
D)You were unconscious, and it will take more than 20 hours for you to metabolize the alcohol.
You were severely impaired, and it will take 10-20 hours for you to metabolize alcohol.
How does the drug naltrexone work?
A)It acts as an antidepressant.
B)It binds to a pleasure center in the brain.
C)It blocks the intoxicating effects of alcohol.
D)It inhibits metabolic breakdown of acetaldehyde.
It binds to a pleasure center in the brain.
The CDC estimates that about 85% of Americans aged 18 or over abstain from alcohol.
True or False?
False
Emilia tried to quit smoking but recently relapsed after a 4-month period of not smoking. She resumed her habit at her previous 1.5 pack per day consumption. Which statement is correct?
A)She is likely to experience an increase in urine production.
B)She may experience symptoms of nicotine poisoning.
C)Her heart rate and blood pressure will be reduced when she resumes smoking.
D)It's likely that she'll have an increased appetite.
She may experience symptoms of nicotine poisoning.
One aspect of the CAGE screening test for determining if you have a drinking problem is asking yourself if your drinking has "annoyed" others around you.
True or False?
False
According to the CDC, of the nearly half a million Americans who die prematurely from tobacco related causes, about 10% of those are due to environmental tobacco smoke.
True or False?
True
Which BEST characterizes withdrawal for most alcoholics?
A)Withdrawal starts 2-3 days after abstaining from alcohol.
B)Symptoms generally improve after 4-5 days.
C)Hallucinations and seizures are extremely common.
D)It often involves delirium tremens over the first few days.
Symptoms generally improve after 4-5 days. - page 256
Individuals with alcoholism will only begin a recovery process after they have "hit bottom".
True or False?
False
Which BEST describes the influence of tobacco advertising on young people?
A)Advertising does not appear to affect children until their teen years.
B)The influence of advertising on tobacco use has been overstated.
C)Tobacco advertising encourages adolescents to try their parents' cigarettes.
D)Teen smokers tend to use the most heavily advertised cigarettes.
??
Which is correct regarding the effects of environmental tobacco smoke on children?
A)An increased risk for asthma as a result of environmental tobacco smoke only occurs after prolonged exposure over a period of years.
B)Children whose primary caregiver smokes as few as 10 cigarettes a day have measurable blood levels of nicotine.
C)Cognitive function is NOT affected as a result of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.
D)The effects of environmental tobacco smoke differ based on the gender of the child.
Children whose primary caregiver smokes as few as 10 cigarettes a day have measurable blood levels of nicotine. - page 283
Robert grew up in a nice neighborhood, went to a reputable school, and attended his local synagogue weekly. His parents were dismayed to find out that he became addicted to psychoactive drugs in his first year away at college. Which statement is correct regarding his addiction?
A)This condition should be viewed as a chronic, complex brain disease.
B)His addiction reveals a deep character flaw and should be treated as an impulse-control problem.
C)Because of his background, this is more likely to be a transient condition rather than chronic, and his parents should not be overly concerned.
D)With his background it is unlikely that his physical and emotional function will be impaired by psychoactive drugs.
His addiction reveals a deep character flaw and should be treated as an impulse-control problem.
ASK about this one. - Could be C?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to a hangover?
A)acetate
B)acetaldehyde
C)high consumption in short duration
D)dehydration
Acetate
Emmanuel weighs 150 pounds and he has normal liver function. It will take him approximately ________ hours to metabolize one standard drink.
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
2
Because they deliver nicotine in the form of vapor rather than smoke, e-cigarettes do NOT produce toxic chemicals like formaldehyde.
True or False?
False
Possessing the DRD2 gene appears to increase the chances of nicotine addiction.
True or False?
True
Cigars may contain as much nicotine as a whole pack of cigarettes.
True or False?
True
Alcohol can affect neurogenesis in mature adults.
True or False?
True (double check)
Final exams are tomorrow but you went out drinking with friends and had a few too many. You're feeling the effects this morning. Which intervention will sober you up the fastest?
A)a big cup of strong coffee
B)going to the gym to work out
C)eating a big breakfast
D)there is no intervention that will sober you up
There is no intervention that will sober you up.
Which illness increases the risk of cirrhosis and liver cancer in heavy drinkers?
A)pancreatitis
B)HIV
C)hepatitis C
D)jaundice
Hepatitis C
You are at a bar that allows smoking and you're breathing the smoke-filled air. The smoke that smokers exhale is referred to as ________ smoke; and the smoke emitted from the burning end of the cigarette, cigar, or pipe is referred to as ________ smoke.
A)mainstream; sidestream
B)primary; secondary
C)sidestream; mainstream
D)firsthand; thirdhand
Mainstream;Sidesteam
Which medication is associated with an increased risk of stomach bleeding when taken while drinking alcohol?
A)codeine
B)Benadryl
C)antibiotics
D)ibuprofen
Ibuprofen
Life expectancy of a smoker is one third less than that of a non-smoker.
True or False?
False
A 15-year-old girl who dates an 18-year-old boy is less likely to use drugs.
True or False?
False - page 222
Nicotine reduces blood pressure and heart rate at low doses.
True or False?
False
Rates of smoking in the United States declined over the last decade with the most prominent decline being in the young adult age group (18-24 years).
True or False?
True
Over 80% of deaths due to alcohol are caused by chronic conditions.
True or False?
False
Excessive television watching by adolescents has been positively correlated with an increased tendency for them to take up drinking in their teens.
True or False?
True - check
Heroin and morphine are examples of hallucinogenic drugs and are similar to naturally produced endorphins.
True or False?
False
Charlene can be considered as binge drinking if she consumes roughly ________ drinks in about ________ hours.
A)two; two
B)four; two
C)six; four
D)eight; 24
Four,Two
Which statement is correct regarding bidis?
A)Bidis are cigarettes made with a mixture of cloves and tobacco.
B)Bidis contain the same psychoactive ingredient as marijuana.
C)Another name for bidis is "kreteks".
D)Bidis contain up to four times more nicotine than U.S. cigarettes.
Bidis contain up to 4 times more nicotine than US cigarettes.
Which statement is correct regarding binge drinking among college students?
A)The popularity of caffeinated alcoholic beverages has helped reduce incidences of binge drinking.
B)The majority of college students engage in binge drinking.
C)Binge drinking is usually limited to fraternities, sororities, and athletic teams.
D)Most college students who binge drink are NOT dependent on alcohol.
C or D - ask
Which ingredient in tobacco smoke seriously depletes the body's supply of oxygen?
A)benzopyrene
B)carbon monoxide
C)formaldehyde
D)toluene
Carbon Monoxide
What is the primary reason people continue to use tobacco despite the health risks?
A)poor understanding of the risk
B)physical addiction to nicotine
C)distrust of research
D)oral fixation
Physical addiction to nicotine.
Smokers who have chronic bronchitis have a greater risk of lung cancer.
True or False?
True
Based on education level, the person MOST likely to smoke is someone with
A)a high school diploma.
B)a GED.
C)an undergraduate degree.
D)a graduate degree.
a GED
Which statement regarding gender differences in the metabolism of alcohol is correct?
A)Men metabolize less alcohol in the stomach than women do.
B)Women lack a specific stomach enzyme that digests alcohol.
C)Hormonal fluctuations may affect the rate of metabolism of alcohol in women.
D)Men usually weigh more than women and therefore metabolize alcohol more slowly.
Hormonal fluctuations may affect the rate of metabolism of alcohol in women.
Which beverage has the highest concentration of alcohol?
A)port
B)champagne
C)ale
D)brandy
Brandy
Which of the following best describes the effects of smoking during pregnancy?
A)Smoking slightly increases a pregnant woman's chance of having a miscarriage.
B)Smoking during pregnancy can contribute to delayed delivery.
C)Obesity and hyperactivity later in life occur more frequently in children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy.
D)Smoking decreases a woman's chance of ectopic pregnancy.
Obesity and hyperactivity later in life occur more frequently in children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy.
Central nervous system depressants are also known as
A)hallucinogens.
B)narcotics.
C)inhalants.
D)tranquilizers.
Tranquilizers
Which of the following statements regarding the chemical properties of alcohol is TRUE?
A)It is an inorganic compound made from a variety of synthetic materials.
B)It is a broad category of organic compounds made from a variety of natural substances.
C)Because it is made from a specific chemical process, the effects are the same for all people.
D)It is a manmade substance and does not occur in nature on its own.
It is a broad category of organic compounds made from a variety of natural substances.
Lynette, a regular smoker, has not had a cigarette for an hour. Which symptom is she MOST likely to experience?
A)nausea
B)difficulty concentrating
C)heart palpitations
D)headache
Difficulty concentrating
A person with a high school diploma is more likely to smoke than a person with a GED.
True or False?
False
Which statement is correct regarding the relationship between gender and alcoholism?
A)Men tend to become alcoholic at younger ages than women.
B)Men who are alcoholics experience more physical complications than women.
C)Women develop alcoholism after more years of heavy drinking than men.
D)Women with alcoholism binge drink earlier in life than men.
Men tend to become alcoholic at younger ages than women.
Which smoking cessation product has the LEAST number of reported side effects?
A)nicotine patches
B)bupropion
C)Chantix
D)Zyban
Nicotine patches
What is the typical calorie content of one serving (14-17 grams) of alcohol?
A)40-60
B)100-120
C)140-160
D)180-200
100-120
According to the American Psychiatric Association, which statement is correct?
A)The likelihood of quitting gambling is directly proportional to the success of the gambler.
B)About 10% of American Adults are pathological gamblers.
C)Over half of compulsive gamblers commit crimes to support their habit.
D)The suicide rate of compulsive gamblers is twice that of the general population.
Over half of compulsive gamblers commit crimes to support their habit.
Which is another term for antianxiety agents?
A)sedative-hypnotics
B)stimulants
C)opioids
D)hallucinogens
Sedatiive hypnotics
Brian has been gambling at a local casino and was thrown out for a violent outburst after losing a substantial sum of money. He is deeply in debt and has now opted for online gambling. Which statement is correct?
A)There is a high likelihood that he will cease gambling as soon as he wins his money back and gets out of debt.
B)Because he has shifted to an online gambling environment, there is much less concern for problems associated with his gambling.
C)His risk of suicide is 20 times greater than the risk in the general population.
D)Online gambling is not considered problematic in the American Psychological Association's DSM-5.
His risk of suicide is 20 times greater than the risk in the general population.
How does the drug disulfiram work?
A)It blocks the intoxicating effects of alcohol.
B)It increases neurotransmitter reuptake in the brain.
C)It decreases the pleasant effects of alcohol without making the person ill.
D)It inhibits the breakdown of acetaldehyde.
It inhibits the breakdown of acetaldehyde.
Which racial/ethnic group has the highest rate of alcohol use disorder?
A)American Indians and Alaska Natives
B)non-Hispanic whites
C)African Americans
D)Latinos
American Indians and Alaskan Natives - Page 261
You've just consumed three 12-ounce ales that were labeled as having 8% alcohol. How much alcohol have you consumed?
A)36 ounces of alcohol
B)96 ounces of alcohol
C)2.88 ounces of alcohol
D)1.8 ounces of alcohol
2.88 ounces of alcohol
Which statement is correct regarding the quitting process?
A)Most smokers do not want to quit.
B)Smokers who use a combination of group support and nicotine replacement have rates of continued abstention as high as 90% after one year.
C)Smokeless tobacco users may have a harder time quitting than cigarette smokers.
D)Women are more successful than men in quitting.
Smokeless tobacco users may have a harder time quitting than cigarette smokers
Which organ is most responsible for the metabolism of alcohol?
A)pancreas
B)small intestine
C)stomach
D)liver
Liver
Which symptom associated with alcohol withdrawal is considered a medical emergency?
A)elevated pulse and breathing rate
B)profound memory gaps (blackouts)
C)nightmares
D)delirium tremens
Delirium Tremens
One way to be a responsible party host is to ensure that guests under age 21 are served only limited amounts of alcohol.
True or False?
False
You've just gotten back to your apartment after a night out with friends at a smoky bar where you were exposed to environmental tobacco smoke for over three hours. Which statement is correct regarding the health effects that you may suffer in the short term?
A)Your blood's ability to transport oxygen is affected for up to 5 hours after you leave the bar.
B)You are likely to experience hypotension.
C)You are at high risk for asthma even if you've never been diagnosed with asthma previously.
D)You have a higher risk of middle-ear infections.
Your blood's ability to transport oxygen is affected for up to 5 hours after you leave the bar. - page 283 ??
Mainstream smoke is NOT considered to be environmental tobacco smoke.
True or False?
False
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