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Biology Exam 3 Review

Terms in this set (135)

cellular respiration
Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
Photosynthesis
Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.
Cyanide inhibits the enzyme in oxidative phosphorylation that reduces O2 to water. Which statement is the most accurate with respect to the effect of cyanide on cellular respiration in human muscle cells?
The citric acid cycle would be inhibited, but glycolysis would not. Lactic acid would accumulate in the muscles.
Which of the following drugs would be mostly likely to prevent cavities caused by S. mutans? S. mutans is a microbe that is responsible for generating lactic acid and causing corrosion of teeth.
a drug that prevents the conversion of glucose into pyruvate
Which of the following best describes what will result when a glucose-fed yeast cell is placed in an anaerobic environment?
The yeast cell will produce ATP through fermentation, generation CO2 and ethanol as byproducts.
Are electrons gained or lost in reduction?
gained
Are electrons gained or lost in oxidation?
lost
The majority of the energy generated in the citric acid cycle is in the form of
electrons donated to FAD+ and NAD+
In cellular respiration, glucose is {blank} to CO2, and oxygen is {blank} to water
oxidized, reduced
What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
oxygen
When a single pyruvate is converted to acetyl-CoA, the other products of the reaction are:
NADH and CO2
Which of the following statements is true about glycolysis?
glycolysis can occur in the absence of oxygen
What is the main transformation that occurs during glycolysis?
glycolysis produces ATP, pyruvate, and NADH by oxidizing glucose
What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
C6H12O6+6O2->6CO2+6H2O
Catabolism
Metabolic pathways that break down molecules, releasing energy. (exergonic)
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