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Level 02_ Fish

Terms in this set (38)

ectotherm
-an animal whose body temperature varies with the temperature of its surroundings; cold blooded
placoid scales
toothlike spines on cartilaginous fish
buoyancy
Ability to float
swim bladder
-an air-filled sac in many fishes that helps maintain buoyancy.
-allows bony fish to stabilize their body at different depths
liver
-Produces bile, which emulsifies fat
-removes toxins from the blood
pancreas
Regulates the level of sugar in the blood
gills
frilly organs that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with water
spleen
An organ that filters the blood, stores blood cells, and destroys old blood cells.
spiracles
openings on the top of a fish's head that take in water for respiration
claspers
modified pelvic fins on male sharks/rays/skates for copulation to transfer sperm to female
rectal gland
removes excess salt from the blood and releases it into the rectum for elimination
Ampullae of Lorenzini
allows cartilaginous fish to detect bioelectric fields generated by living organisms
pelvic fins
a pair of fins on the underside of the body, used for turning, balance, and stopping
pectoral fins
fins on the side of a fish's body that correspond to your arms
dorsal fin
the fin on the back side of a fish
caudal fin
tail fin; propels the fish
anal fin
-an unpaired fin located on the underside of a fish posterior to the anus.
-it keeps the fish upright and moving in a straight line
2 chambered heart
Blood enters through atrium and pumped through the ventricle
lateral line
a system of canals that allows fish to sense vibrations in the water
operculum
The covering that allows bony fish to pump water over their gills
snout
The nose or jaws that stick out in front of certain animals' heads
cloaca
-common opening for digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts
-found in fish, amphibians, reptiles, and birds
stomach
large muscular sac that continues the mechanical and chemical digestion of food
overfishing
harvesting fish to the point that species are depleted and the value of the fishery reduced
viviparous
gives live birth
Oviparous
lays eggs
Ovoviviparous
producing living young from retained eggs that hatch within the body
cartilage
-flexible material made of cells surrounded by tough protein fibers. -a connective tissue
mermaid's purse
protective egg case used by some sharks and skates
invasive species
species that enter new ecosystems and multiply, harming native species and their habitats
lobe-finned fish
-have fleshy fins that are supported by a series of bones
-ex. coelacanth and lungfish
-subclass Sarcopterygii
ray-finned fish
have fins supported by bony elements called rays; ex. perch, bass, eels, trout, guppies
Bichir
-a fish in class Osteichthyes, subclass Sarcopterygii, that has an elongated bode and a snake-like smile.
-freshwater
-often sold in pet stores
clownfish
-a fish in class Osteichthyes, subclass Actinopterygii, that has a shortened body and swims in a wave-like fashion.
-saltwater
-often sold in pet stores
coelocanth
-a fish in class Osteichthyes, subclass Sarcopterygii,
-Once thought to be extinct, caught off South African coast in 1938. Common in deep waters of Madagascar, also found off Indonesia.
chimaera
-A cartilaginous fish
-known informally as ghost sharks, rat fish
-tapered fishes with large pectoral and pelvic fins, large eyes, and two dorsal fins, the first preceded by a sharp spine.
sea skate
-a cartilaginous fish
-similar to a sting ray but has a pointed snout
perch
-a fish in class Osteichthyes, subclass Actinopterygii,
-a gamefish
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