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Part 1: Text Details and Context Clues in an Informational Text

Terms in this set (10)

Read the excerpt from "Ship's Chronometer from HMS Beagle."
Our object is one of those lower-cost chronometers, made in 1800 by Thomas Earnshaw. It is made of brass and is around the size of a large pocket watch, with a normal clock dial showing roman numerals and a smaller dial at the bottom for the second hand. The clock is suspended inside a swivelling brass ring fitted to the inside of a wooden box - this is the key to keeping the chronometer level even in an unsteady ship.

Which details from the excerpt help readers visualize the chronometer? Select 3 options.
around the size of a large pocket watch"
"with a normal clock dial showing roman numerals"
"suspended inside a swivelling brass ring"
Read the paragraph.
My grandmother taught me to appreciate architecture. She grew up in Greece and photographed ancient ruins in her youth. She told me that people do not build things of beauty the way they used to, and her favorite example was Greek Ionic columns. As an architecture student today, I wonder if I will ever create anything as beautiful as these.

Which image would best enhance the paragraph?
a picture of Ionic columns
Which sentence best establishes visual details?
Each painting is a towering portrait of a town founder depicted in bold acrylic.
Read the excerpt from "Ship's Chronometer from HMS Beagle."
Just as people adopted a common standard time, so numerous aspects of working and daily life were becoming rigidly fixed by the clock, from clocking on at work to school hours and tea-time - which is the subject of our next chapter.

What context clue best helps readers determine the meaning of the word standard?
"rigidly fixed"
What type of context clue offers information about the function, features, or appearance of an unfamiliar word?
explanation
Read the excerpt from "Benin Plaque: The Oba with Europeans."
His neck is completely invisible - a series of large rings runs from his shoulders right the way up to his lower lip. In his right hand he holds up a ceremonial axe. To either side kneel two high-court functionaries, dressed very like the Oba, but with plainer headdresses and fewer neck-rings. They wear belts hung with small crocodile heads, the emblem of those authorized to conduct business with Europeans - and the heads and shoulders of two tiny Europeans can be seen floating in the background.

Which details are evident in both the excerpt and the image? Select 3 options.
ceremonial jewelry
government leaders
European traders
What type of context clue offers a word with the same meaning as an unfamiliar word?
synonym
Read the excerpt from "Benin Plaque: The Oba with Europeans."
These were enormous and belief-shattering ideas for many people in the nineteenth century, but time was also changing in a much more day-to-day, or rather hour-to-hour, way. Thanks to clockmakers like Earnshaw, precise and reliable clocks and watches became ever more affordable. Before long the whole of Britain was running by the clock, and the measurement of time had been severed from the natural cycle of days and seasons. The clock ruled every aspect of life - shops and schools, pleasure and work. As Charles Dickens wrote, 'There was even railway time observed in clocks, as if the sun itself had given in.'

Which central idea is best supported by the details in the excerpt?
As more people began to own clocks, society embraced standardized time.
Read the excerpt from "Benin Plaque: The Oba with Europeans."
Whatever the real facts, the British, in ostensible revenge for the killing, organized a punitive expedition which raided Benin City, exiled the Oba and created the protectorate of Southern Nigeria.

Based on the context clues, what is the meaning of the word punitive in the passage?
designed to inflict punishment
Consider the paragraph and image.
In the early 1900s, a handy invention lightened laundry loads by squeezing water out of garments. Homemakers could attach a clothes wringer to a bucket with built-in vice clamps and crank individual pieces of laundry through two sturdy rollers.

How does the image enhance the paragraph?
by reinforcing the description of the clothes wringer
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