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Physio Review - Psychopharmacology

Terms in this set (28)

action potential
a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon where the membrane potential changes from -70mV to +30mV
membrane potential
difference in charge between the inside and outside of a neuron, which is created due to the unequal distribution of ions on both sides of the cell.
resting potential of a neuron
charge when the cell is inactive; more negative inside than outside of the cell
What is the charge, in mV, for resting potential?
-70
hyperpolarization
membrane potential becomes more negative; a phase where some potassium channels remain open and sodium channels reset.
depolarization
Also called the rising phase; membrane potential becomes more positive
repolarization
Also called the falling phase, caused by the slow closing of sodium channels and the opening of voltage-gated potassium channels
absolute refractory period
The period from the opening of the sodium channels until the sodium channels begin to reset; axon can't respond to a stimulus, no matter how strong during this time
What is the charge, in mV, for depolarization?
58 mV
What causes depolarization?
The influx of sodium ions due to the opening of voltage-gated sodium channels; membrane potential increases a lot
What causes repolarization?
Sodium-ion channels close + Voltage-gated potassium channels open, K+ leaves, membrane potential decreases
What is the charge, in mV, for repolarization?
-93 mV
What causes hyperpolarization?
Excess of open potassium channels and potassium leaving the cell
Order of steps: action potential
1. Depolarization 2. Repolarization 3. Hyperpolarization
What is the charge, in mV, for hyperpolarization?
-75 mV
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