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Psychology: Chapter 16

Terms in this set (28)

History of mental health treatment
°Beat them
°"Bloodletting"
°Letting spirits out through holes
°Execution
Asylum
±Institution created for the specific purpose of housing people with psychological disorders

°Focus was on removing from society as opposed to treating
Deinstitutionalization
process of closing large asylums and integrating people back into the community where they can be treated locally
The Lobotomy
±Term to describe surgical procedures aimed at damaging specific brain areas to cure psychological disorders

°Last resort treatment for severe cases
°Significant negative side effects
°Now outlawed in most countries
Psychoanalysis
±Release tension of repression & resolve unconscious conflicts through free association and unconscious
Humanistic therapy
±Emphasizes human potential for growth and self-actualization

°Therapist acts as guide, gives unconditional positive regard and empathy
Behavior Therapy
±Uses classical & operant conditioning to help reduce unwanted behaviors
Counterconditioning:
learning a new response to a stimulus that typically elicits negative behaviors
°E.g., aversion therapy, exposure therapy
Aversion Therapy
±Using unpleasant stimulus to block undesired behavior

±E.g. Nail Biting - bitter/bad tasting nail polish

±Smoking - pair with electric shock, smoke excessively to the point of getting sick
Exposure Therapy
±Expose (under controlled and safe conditions) to situation or events that elicit emotional reaction
Systematic desensitization
±Pairs exposure with relaxation strategies
°Diaphragmatic breathing
°Progressive muscle relaxation
Systematic Desensitization
Commonly used to treat phobias
Operant Conditioning
±Often used in parenting and pet training
±Reward desired behaviors
±Ignore or punish problematic behaviors
Cognitive Therapy
±The cause of depression is not bad event, but our thoughts about the events

±Focus on cognitive restructuring
Black-and-White Thinking
±only considering two choices or outcomes for a situation. Failing to identify or consider middle ground.
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