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Social Science
Psychology
Praxis 5412 (Aura)
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Terms in this set (104)
Subskill reading assessment scores
The school leader of a high school assesses reading scores, which have shown a steady decline for the last few years. The chairperson of the reading department asks the school leader for assistance in identifying methods to boost students' reading abilities. Which of the following data will be most important for the school leader to suggest that the chairperson share in guiding the department's instructional decisions?
Notifying the student and parents, orally or in writing, of the accusations and evidence gathered
A high school student with a history of fighting is suspended from school after another violent incident. Because of the student's repeated offenses, the school leader recommends expulsion. Which of the following actions should the school leader take before the expulsion hearing to ensure compliance with due process?
analyzing accomplishments against a benchmark
During an annual review of school programs, a school leader asks committee members to refer to the school improvement plan while reviewing the effectiveness of various programs. By taking this action, the school leader demonstrates an understanding of the importance of
Using a survey to determine how teachers currently monitor and report student progress
A small district plans to implement a computer-based student information system (SISS I S). Teachers in the elementary school express concern about the requirement that student data will have to be entered on a weekly basis. Which of the following initial actions by the school leader best helps address the teachers' resistance?
Aligning assessments with instructional goals
A school leader observes a teacher's mathematics lesson. The lesson plan indicates that the learning objective is teaching students to add fractions. The lesson begins with a minilesson on adding fractions, followed by guided and independent practice using several problems. The teacher provides students with feedback and support as they work. At the close of the lesson, the teacher provides each student with an exit slip. The exit slip contains three fractions for students to reduce to the lowest common denominator.
Which of the following is most important for the school leader to target in the teacher's postobservation conference?
Comparing the performance of seventh graders on the annual state science assessment with the performance of previous seventh graders
The school leader of a middle school wants to assess the effectiveness of a new science curriculum that has been in place in seventh grade for one year. Which of the following methods will provide the school leader with the most valuable data?
What are our strengths and weaknesses?
What resources do we have to work with?
What resources do we have to work with?
A school leader is working with the campus planning committee to develop a new strategic plan to better focus its efforts. The school leader wants the planning committee to begin by identifying the current state of school programs and campus culture. Which THREE of the following questions are best to ask to help the school leader address this goal?
"Student benchmark data indicates that program objectives were met."
A school leader reviews a report regarding a new schoolwide mathematics program after its first year of implementation. Which of the following statements from the report best demonstrates the effectiveness of the program?
enhancing student achievement by seeking to develop a community with a common purpose
When acting as a cultural leader, a school leader focuses on
To build a shared vision among various stakeholders
Which of the following is the best reason for a school leader to ask teachers, parents, and other community members for suggestions to improve teaching and learning at the school?
promoting a culture that encourages teacher leadership
School leaders can best empower teachers to bring about positive change in their schools by
Seeking and embracing diversification in the recruitment pool
A school leader of an urban school strives to hire faculty and staff who will have a positive influence on the social, emotional, and academic achievements of students of all backgrounds. Which of the following approaches best supports the leader's goal?
Discussing the feasibility of a bond election with the superintendent
A facilities audit of a middle school indicates widespread problems with the building's internal systems and structure. The estimated cost of remedying the problems far exceeds the school's annual allotment for maintenance and operations. Which of the following is the school leader's most appropriate response to the information in the audit?
Establishing a professional learning community (PLCP L C) in which school leaders will examine data, propose and test solutions, and track progress
The school leaders of elementary, middle, and high schools in a district set a goal of working together to decrease dropout rates among at-risk students. Which of the following will most effectively facilitate meeting the goal?
Creating opportunities for staff to participate in collaborative decision making
Which of the following actions best demonstrates a school leader's commitment to building leadership capacity among the staff?
facilitate dialogue to eliminate obstacles and validate committee members' thoughts
A school leader works with a committee of stakeholders to craft a new school vision statement. The most effective first step the school leader can take to support the committee's work is to
Asking businesses to offer discounts or reward cards to students who achieve a goal set by the school
A representative of the chamber of commerce asks the leader of a high school how the business community can partner with the school to acknowledge the accomplishments of individual students. Which of the following is the school leader's best recommendation?
Explaining that borrowing school equipment for personal projects violates district policy
Security-camera footage informs a school leader that the industrial arts teacher, Mr. Grayson, has been taking home power tools at the end of each week and bringing them back a few days later. When the leader questions Mr. Grayson, he explains that he is borrowing the tools for a home improvement project. Which of the following is the leader's most appropriate response to Mr. Grayson?
Partnering with a peer to reflect on experiences, ideas, and challenges
Which of the following is the most effective way for school leaders to foster their personal professional growth?
Identifying a single visitor entrance door equipped with a buzzer system
Mr. Washington is the school leader at Spring Garden Elementary School. Two days ago, an intruder armed with a knife entered the school building by one of several entrance doors in the school's glass atrium. The individual was subdued by the school security guard but not before inflicting minor wounds to the guard and a nearby office worker. Mr. Washington convenes a meeting of the crisis management team to debrief after the incident.
Which of the following should Mr. Washington and the crisis management team prioritize in response to the incident?
inform parents of the support services that the school is providing to help students cope with the incident
Mr. Washington is the school leader at Spring Garden Elementary School. Two days ago, an intruder armed with a knife entered the school building by one of several entrance doors in the school's glass atrium. The individual was subdued by the school security guard but not before inflicting minor wounds to the guard and a nearby office worker. Mr. Washington convenes a meeting of the crisis management team to debrief after the incident.
Following the incident, Mr. Washington composes a letter to the school community in which he identifies an outside counseling firm that is providing additional crisis counselors to the school. The primary reason the school leader communicates this information is to
Training the teachers to act as additional crisis counselors when needed
Mr. Washington is the school leader at Spring Garden Elementary School. Two days ago, an intruder armed with a knife entered the school building by one of several entrance doors in the school's glass atrium. The individual was subdued by the school security guard but not before inflicting minor wounds to the guard and a nearby office worker. Mr. Washington convenes a meeting of the crisis management team to debrief after the incident.
Several teachers in the school hold certification in school counseling. Which of the following actions by Mr. Washington makes the best use of the teachers?
Holding meetings with parents to explain how to interpret the data
The school leader of a middle school plans to share the results of the state assessment test with parents to help them understand how students are performing and where gaps exist in their achievement. Which of the following is the best method for the school leader to use to make the assessment data valuable to parents?
Ensuring alignment of the school's vision with teachers' actions through ongoing conversations and observations
Which of the following is the best strategy for a school leader to use to keep teachers focused on their primary instructional goal?
Comparing value-added growth data of the teachers within the grade level
The school leader of a high school who is examining data from the district's annual freshman writing sample observes that students in certain teachers' classes scored significantly higher than their peers in other classes. Which of the following is the school leader's best initial response to the data?
Additional nonnursing staff are trained to administer the medication, and the students are permitted to carry the medication as prescribed by a doctor.
Several students have life-threatening allergies and require injectable epinephrine in emergencies. Which of the following procedures approved by the school leader best ensures the immediate availability of the medication when it is needed?
Providing students with tablets enabled with mobile hot-spot devices
Which of the following actions by school leadership has the best potential for reducing the technology gap for students who are economically disadvantaged, transient, or homeless?
Acknowledging the challenges of teaching a diverse student population in a positive and inclusive manner
The new school leader of a high school hears the following comments from teachers regarding changes in student demographics and low scores on state-mandated assessments.
"Why are they sending these kids to our school now?"
"These new kids do not seem to value getting a good education."
Which of the following is the best first step for the school leader to take to improve the school culture?
Scores from pretests and posttests administered to the students
Anecdotal records from the teachers of students who receive tutoring
A school leader is using data to assess the effectiveness of a volunteer tutoring program for improving student achievement in reading. Which TWO of the following types of data best evaluate the success of the initiative?
ensure that the program uses quantitative measures to assess the program's effect on student behavior
A high school leader plans to implement a schoolwide program to develop students' ability to use reasoned decision making. To most effectively monitor the implementation of the program, the school leader should
student demographics
Given the changing mobility rate of students, the school leader decides to see whether there has been an impact on the overall student population. To gather the most relevant data, the school leader should review
Establishing a clear vision for the schoolwide use of data
Which of the following identifies the most important initial action for a school leader to take to promote teachers' use of student achievement data to support instructional decision making?
Reminding the teacher that district computers are for school-related use only
The computer technician in a high school informs the school leader that a teacher has been using a district computer for personal purposes during the instructional day. Which of the following is the school leader's most appropriate initial response to the information?
high-quality standards
School leaders can best implement academic goals with rigor and measurable expectations by establishing a curriculum based upon
Use assessment results to inform instructional decision making.
Which of the following is the most appropriate direction for a school leader to give teachers regarding formative assessments?
Promoting skills and knowledge in a student's field of interest
A school leader hosts a parent meeting to solicit support for a high school senior internship program with local businesses. Which of the following aspects of the internship should the school leader communicate as being the primary benefit of the program?
Ensure that students can articulate the lesson objectives or learning targets.
After conducting a ten-minute walk-through of a third-grade classroom, a school leader makes the following observations:
Students worked in flexible groups to sequence story events on cards that have key plot points.
Students, when asked, were unable to explain why they were sequencing story events.
A word wall presented key vocabulary terms: first, last, then, finally.
Which of the following is the most appropriate feedback for the school leader to give the teacher in a postobservation conference to improve the quality of the lesson?
Creating a safe environment for risk taking
The school leader of a high school allocates time during faculty meetings for teachers to propose a solution to a schoolwide problem or to suggest ideas for school improvement. The practice demonstrates that the school leader has established which of the following norms in the school?
represent diverse community voices
A school leader is planning to invite members of the community to serve on the school's improvement team. When selecting community members, the school leader should primarily strive to ensure that potential members
Locations for meetings and special events
Which of the following school resources is most appropriate for school leaders to offer when creating community partnerships?
Developing his willingness to actively challenge and change the status quo
A school leader, Mr. Hernandez, reflects on his current professional performance. He finds that his complacent leadership style has resulted in minimal schoolwide progress toward campus goals, and he identifies his ability to adapt his leadership behavior to the demands of current situations as an area that needs improvement. Which of the following goals will best improve this area?
Instructional paraprofessionals
A school that follows an inclusion model experiences an increase in students receiving special education services. To best meet student needs, the school leader should consider hiring which of the following additional personnel?
The school leader of a middle school holds open forums to meet with teachers and parents to discuss the possibility of using block scheduling and the impact on student achievement. After receiving mainly positive feedback, the school leader decides to form a committee of stakeholders to design the implementation plan.
Which of the following scenarios best describes a school leader's reinforcing transparent decision-making practices?
Coordinating opportunities for students and families to access community services at multiple sites in the community
Which of the following is a school leader's best strategy for using community services to support student success?
Communicating positive information about students more often than negative information
Which of the following is the best recommendation a school leader can make to teachers who find parents unresponsive to their efforts to establish school-home partnerships?
Equal Access Act
A group of students ask the school leader if they can add a religious study club to the school's extracurricular offerings. Which of the following laws dictates the school leader's response to the students?
gain insight into how to develop relationships
Mr. Dinh, an elementary school leader, keeps a journal to reflect on his daily interactions with members of the school community. His most recent entry asks, "What could I have done to improve the outcomes of today's interactions?" The primary purpose of the question is to
guide others to examine their own assumptions and beliefs
A school leader plans professional development for the staff focused on cultural competency, which includes a self-assessment of attitudes and abilities both before and after the training. The primary reason for the school leader to promote this activity is to
guiding the teacher to challenge the assumption because it adversely affects student learning
During an informal observation of a lesson, a school leader notices a lack of differentiation. When the school leader asks the teacher about what strategies are used for the gifted students, the teacher comments, "The gifted students do not need any extra help to learn." The school leader can best coach the teacher to improve instruction for gifted students by
Engaging in continuous learning by paying critical attention to experiences and values
Which of the following behaviors is the best indication that a school leader is a reflective practitioner?
By forming a community advisory committee
Which of the following is the most effective way for a new school leader to advocate on behalf of the school district within the community?
norm-referenced assessments
A new school leader meets with the school improvement team to analyze how the fifth‑grade students' reading performance compares to the reading performance of a national sample of fifth graders. The school leader can best facilitate this analysis by reviewing data collected from
Developing a shared agreement regarding the stakeholders' roles
A school leader invites community members and parents to join a school improvement committee. Which of the following actions by a school leader will best promote accountability among the committee members?
Seeking parent input when creating action plans
Which of the following practices best demonstrates a school leader's commitment to involving parents in decision making about their children's education?
using data analysis to improve instruction
A middle school leader meets weekly with grade-level teams to guide teachers in examining the class report graphs and item analysis graphs they have created from the results of classroom assessments. The leader asks the following questions to facilitate a targeted discussion.
Did certain classes outperform others?
Did certain class periods outperform others?
Which instructional strategies were used in the outperforming classrooms?
By facilitating this discussion, the school leader primarily emphasizes the importance of
contributes toward achieving the school's vision
Because of budget constraints, a school leader must eliminate some of the school's extracurricular programs. When deciding which programs to keep, the school leader should first consider whether the program
It helps focus their collaborative efforts on school improvement.
Which of the following is the most important reason for a school leader to share a school's vision with stakeholders?
Using real-world situations to promote regular discussions about ethical behavior
Which of the following practices by a school leader best reinforces professional behavior and communication between the teachers and the students and parents?
Facilitating parent involvement in peer and community groups that provide support and factual information about drug use
Which of the following strategies by a school leader best supports the goal of establishing and maintaining a drug-free school?
A multitiered intervention guided by student outcome data
Using which of the following instructional approaches is most effective for supporting the learning of a struggling student?
Providing the teacher with immediate targeted training on professional ethics
Ms.Miss Thompson is a new seventh-grade teacher. Pressed for time, she administers a test she finds in the files left by her predecessor. When students uniformly perform poorly, she realizes that the test assesses content she did not teach. She decides against administering another test and records the students' grades in her grade book. Her testing error comes to light when the parents of several students complain to the school leader about their children's grades. Which of the following is the school leader's most appropriate action for improving Ms.Miss Thompson's practice?
Developing procedures for staggering dismissal times for each grade level
An elementary school leader meets with the school's leadership team to develop a plan to address problems that occur at afternoon dismissal. Teachers have difficulty directing student traffic, given the large number of students who are dismissed simultaneously into the hallway. Student traffic is bottlenecked at school exits, creating a safety hazard. Which of the following is the best action for addressing the dismissal problem?
How do we develop a plan for change that addresses the most pressing needs?
A school leader meets with the school improvement committee at the beginning of the school year. During the meeting, the school leader presents the results of a comprehensive needs assessment which highlight the gaps between the school's current status and its desired outcomes. Which of the following should be the school leader's first guiding question?
Presenting the council with data on the number of students who use the sidewalks and student pedestrian accidents
A city is planning to widen a main road by eliminating sidewalks that many students use on their way to school. Which of the following is the school leader's most effective means of advocating for student safety?
Which of the following is the most effective use of student achievement data by a school leader to support decisions about teaching practices?
Which of the following is the most effective use of student achievement data by a school leader to support decisions about teaching practices?
Gathering data from stakeholders about their perceptions of a school's purpose and values
Which of the following is a school leader's best initial action for creating a school vision and goals?
Establishing relationships with respected community leaders
Which of the following is the best way for a school leader to engage the local community in supporting a school's goals?
emphasizing the importance of aligning assessment content with grade-level learning standards
A school leader reviews the results of a summative assessment for fourth-grade science and observes that overall scores are unusually high. Further investigation reveals that the items on the assessment measure second- and third-grade concepts and skills. When meeting with the fourth-grade teaching team, the school leader can best address the discrepancy by
Is the statement more reflective of a mission statement?
We help each and every student in our high school develop higher-order thinking skills and leadership skills in preparation for postsecondary education and the global workforce. We empower students to achieve their potential using community internships and projects.
Which of the following is the most appropriate question to ask about the draft vision statement above?
Identifying the barriers that hinder students' academic success
Which of the following is a school leader's best initial step for developing programs that target the needs of students who are economically disadvantaged?
They increase student attendance.
A school leader is advocating among district administrators and teachers for establishing school-based health centers (SBHCsS B H C's). Which of the following is the school leader's most effective argument for gaining support for SBHCsS B H C's?
encouraging teachers to integrate the students' life experiences into instruction
According to research, school leaders can best optimize learning for minority students by
Requiring that lesson plans show evidence of differentiation for ELsE L's at a range of language proficiency levels
Which of the following is the best way for a school leader to ensure that teachers are addressing the learning needs of English learners (ELsE L's)?
Are the assessments providing information about students that is useful for instructional decision making?
Which of the following is the best question for a school leader to ask to determine the value of district-wide benchmark assessments?
Meeting with a focus group of stakeholders to discuss their impressions of the revised vision and goals
A school improvement committee has completed a revision of the school vision and goals. Which of the following is the committee's best next step for gaining feedback on the revision?
Facilitating a teacher-to-teacher model for developing technological proficiency
A school leader is concerned about a number of teachers who are resistant to integrating technology into their classroom instruction. Which of the following actions by the leader is most effective for addressing the concern?
reflection and understanding
To best establish an ethical school culture, a school leader should apply a leadership style that focuses on
Establishing an online credit recovery option that enables failing seniors to retake courses at their own pace
A school leader in an urban high school observes that dropout rates have steadily increased over the last three years. Further investigation reveals that many students are dropping out because they are unable to retake the courses they have failed before they reach the high school age cut-off. Which of the following is the leader's best action for addressing the situation for these students?
Basing hiring decisions on the employee's qualities rather than on résumés and other traditional hiring tools
Providing a detailed description of the qualifications and responsibilities related to the position in the job posting
Using screening and assessment tools that demonstrate substantial job-related fidelity
A school leader is responsible for assembling a search committee to fill an open position for an assistant principal. Which THREE of the following practices will best ensure that the recruitment and selection processes used by the committee are ethical and equitable?
Meeting with Mr. Foster to determine whether his use of social media conforms to district policies on relationships with students
Mr. Foster is a middle school English teacher who is friends with many of his students on his personal social media page. Several parents contact the school leader to inquire about the appropriateness of teachers and students forming friendships on social media. Which of the following is the leader's best initial response to the situation?
A brief statement that is memorable and specific to the school
The school's priorities and focus
Which TWO of the following are essential elements of an effective school mission statement?
communicate a personal commitment to school safety
To effectively address harassment, bullying, and other threats to student safety, a school leader should first
Reviewing with the counselors the legal requirements for informing authorities of student suicides or other harmful acts
Ensuring that the school counselors are up-to-date with their training on suicide prevention and intervention
Following a suicide attempt by a student, a school leader learns that the student's counselor became aware of suicidal ideation during counseling sessions but did not disclose the information to authorities. Which TWO of the following actions by the leader have the best potential for avoiding a similar counselor error in the future?
Consulting the district-approved list of vendors of educational supplies
After a teacher requests supplies to build a weather station for the science club, a school leader agrees to purchase the supplies for the current school year. Which of the following is the best way for the school leader to proceed?
Inviting the school counselor to attend a grade-level meeting to share information about the students
A grade-level team leader consults with the school leader about students the team has identified as struggling academically because of emotional or behavioral issues. The team is uncertain about the first action for meeting these students' needs. Which of the following is the school leader's best recommendation to the team leader?
Adding a parent portal feature to the school's existing student information system
A high school holds parent conferences at the end of every grading period, sends home monthly newsletters, and maintains a school Web site. A survey indicates that parents do not think they receive pertinent information from the school in a timely manner. Which of the following actions will best improve school-parent communication?
Selecting the targeted strategies as the focus for upcoming classroom walk-throughs
The school leader of an elementary school discusses a research-based instructional strategy during weekly grade-level team meetings. Which of the following actions best monitors implementation of the new instructional strategy?
Use formative assessment results to inform instructional practice.
After conducting several classroom walk-throughs, a school leader observes that novice teachers are struggling to modify daily instruction based on the level of student mastery. Which of the following represents the most effective guidance the school leader can give the teachers?
gather information on processes the school is using to reach intermediate goals as well as on indicators toward meeting outcome goals
During the middle of the school year, the Parent-Teacher Association (PTAP T A) asks the school leader to report on the school's progress toward achieving campus goals. The school leader's best response is to
interpret recent performance data based on curriculum-guided essential questions
Following the administration of midyear district benchmarks, the school leader desires to build teacher literacy in using data to measure student achievement. The first step in meeting that goal is to
Communicating progress toward the plan frequently throughout the year
Which of the following actions is most important for a school leader to take to ensure faculty and staff are implementing goals associated with a newly developed shared vision?
Teaching and monitoring clear behavioral expectations of all students
A school leader is reviewing Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBISP B I S) with a teacher who struggles with student misbehavior. Which of the following components of PBISP B I S should the school leader emphasize first?
Providing timely feedback to students on their work
Which of the following has research identified as a powerful instructional strategy that positively impacts student achievement?
creating a school climate of communication and trust
A school-improvement team develops a goal to reduce the incidence of violence and bullying at school over the course of the upcoming year. A school leader can best support this goal by
allocating sufficient time to conduct thorough classroom observations and facilitate feedback conferences
After increasing the rigor of the school's annual improvement plan, Dr.Doctor Xian, an elementary school leader, recognizes that she will need to prioritize her role as instructional leader to support teachers in meeting the goals of the plan. Dr.Doctor Xian can best support the success of the new plan by
Forming teaching teams in which members share the responsibility for student learning
Which of the following is a school leader's best method for promoting collaboration among staff members?
School psychologist
A school leader has been informed that a student has been diagnosed with clinical depression. Which of the following school personnel is most appropriate to consult for designing a plan to meet the needs of the student?
identify trends by student groups in order to inform instruction
After each grading period, teams of elementary teachers meet with the school leader to discuss student performance data such as the results of formative and summative assessments. The most likely goal of this meeting is to have teachers
The skill level of the paraprofessional and needs of students in the classroom
A special education paraprofessional tells the school leader that the classroom teacher is delegating difficult instructional tasks regularly. When responding to the situation, the school leader should ensure that the general education teacher is primarily considering which of the following when assigning tasks to the paraprofessional?
Reviewing existing procedures with staff to identify needed improvements
Which of the following best describes an action of a school leader working as a change agent?
Encouraging faculty to develop supportive relationships with students
A school leader wants to reduce the effects of poverty in the building by creating a learning environment that demonstrates respect for all students and families. Which of the following actions is most appropriate for the school leader to use to reach this goal?
ensure that information in the student information system is updated frequently
To best ensure that teachers have relevant data for educational decision making, a school leader should
develop a school vision, target action plans, and direct professional development
A school leader can best use the Statewide Longitudinal Data Systems to
meets the terms of the district's facilities-use policy
When a school leader is deciding whether to permit a community group to use the school cafeteria, it is most important to ensure that the group
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