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EN04 - THYROID

Get a hint
Thyroid gland
Follicular cells - Epithelial cells surrounding the what that synthesize and secrete what?
Colloid - does what for for thyroid hormone precursors?

Parafollicular cells (C cells) secrete what?
Involved in calcium metabolism
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Terms in this set (18)
Thyroid gland
Follicular cells - Epithelial cells surrounding the what that synthesize and secrete what?
Colloid - does what for for thyroid hormone precursors?

Parafollicular cells (C cells) secrete what?
Involved in calcium metabolism
Follicular cells: Epithelial cells surrounding colloid that synthesize and secrete thyroid hormones

Colloid Storage depot for thyroid hormone
precursors

Parafollicular cells (C cells) secrete calcitonin
Involved in calcium metabolism
Image: Thyroid gland Follicular cells - Epithelial cells surrounding the what that synthesize and secrete what? Colloid - does what for for thyroid hormone precursors? Parafollicular cells (C cells) secrete what? Involved in calcium metabolism
Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis
it first will release what hormone?
Stimulation: Tonic secretion, but increased by what stimulus
(especially what stimulus?)

this then hormone stimulates what hormone? - inhbited by what?
it increases or decreases as day goes on?

this then stimulates what hormones?
TRH(thyrotropin-releasinghormone)
Tonic secretion, but increased by stress
(especially cold)

Thyrotropin/TSH(thyroid-stimulating
hormone)
Stimulated by TRH
Inhibited by somatostatin
Increases in morning, max at noon, and decreases during the day

T3/T4 (T4 = thyroxine)
TSH stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones
Image: Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis it first will release what hormone? Stimulation: Tonic secretion, but increased by what stimulus (especially what stimulus?) this then hormone stimulates what hormone? - inhbited by what? it increases or decreases as day goes on? this then stimulates what hormones?
TSH is a what factor for the thyroid? - Prolonged stimulation will cause
hyper or hypotrophy?

Thyroid hormones (mainly T3) inhibit secretion of what? - a negative feed back loop.

TRH receptors are also down-regulated by what and what?
TSH is a trophic factor for the thyroid Prolonged stimulation will cause
hypertrophy

Thyroid hormones (mainly T3) inhibit secretion of TSH

TRH receptors are also down-regulated by TRH and TSH
Image: TSH is a what factor for the thyroid? - Prolonged stimulation will cause hyper or hypotrophy? Thyroid hormones (mainly T3) inhibit secretion of what? - a negative feed back loop. TRH receptors are also down-regulated by what and what?
Thyroid hormones are derived from what AA?
they are sticking what ion on this AA? is it simple?

Requirements for production of thyroid hormones
Thyroglobulin (TG) - Synthesis is stimulated by what hormone?

Iodine - then comes from what? then stored in a cell that we learned earlier?
Thyroid hormones are derived from tyrosine
But, it is not just as simple as iodination of single tyrosine amino acids!

Thyroglobulin (TG) - Synthesis is stimulated by TSH
Iodine
Obtained from diet
Concentrated and stored in thyroid follicular cells
Image: Thyroid hormones are derived from what AA? they are sticking what ion on this AA? is it simple? Requirements for production of thyroid hormones Thyroglobulin (TG) - Synthesis is stimulated by what hormone? Iodine - then comes from what? then stored in a cell that we learned earlier?
Synthesis of thyroid hormones - All steps (except Pendrin) are stimulated by what hormone?

Additionally, this hormone then stimulates production of what and is a growth factor for what type of cells?
All steps (except Pendrin) are stimulated by TSH (thyrotropin)

Additionally, TSH stimulates production of thyroglobulin and is a growth factor for follicular cells
Image: Synthesis of thyroid hormones - All steps (except Pendrin) are stimulated by what hormone? Additionally, this hormone then stimulates production of what and is a growth factor for what type of cells?